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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
6 functions of the skin
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protection, body temp regulation, sensory nerves, makes vit D (metabolic), blood reservoir, excretion
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2 main layers of skin,
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Epidermis (outer, keratinized , stratified squamous.)
Dermis (deep, strong flexible connective tissue (dense irregular), vascular, nervous, lymph, hair follicles and glands.) |
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Keratinocytes
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produce fibrous protein keratin, cells on surface are dead
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Melanocytes
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make pigment malinin, sheilds DNA from UVA
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Merker Cells
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associated with sensory nerve endings, very few
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Langerhans Cells
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Specialized macrophages that activate immune system
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5 Layers of Epidermis
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Stratum Conerum (thickest), Stratum Lucidum (only in thick skins), stratum granulosum (hair and nails), stratum spinosum, basle(fixed to the dermis)
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2 layers of Dermis
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Papillary (fingerprints), Reticular (80% of dermis)
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Skin Glands
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Sweat glands: Eccrine (thermoregulation, foreheads, palms, feet.) Appocrine (functional at puperty, empty into hair, milky apperance, B.O.
Sebaceous Glands( active at puberty, sebum, blockage.) |
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Melanin (color)
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red, brown, dark brown, black
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carotene (color)
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yellowish/orange
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hemoglobin (color)
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pinkish hue
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What tissue lines the stomach and most of the intestines
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simple columnar
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what tissue lines the inside of the mouth
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stratified squamous
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what tissue lines much of the respiratory tract
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pseudostratified ciliated columnar
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what tissue lines the inside of the urinary bladder
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transitional
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Which epithelium specializes in protection
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stratified squamous
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what epithelium specializes in stretching
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transitional
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Dense regular connective
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parallel bundles of collagenic fibers provide strength, found in tendons
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adipose connective tissue
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stores fat
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dense irregular connective tissue is in what area of the skin
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the skin dermis
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hyaline cartilage
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forms the embryonic skeleton, covers surfaces of bones at joints, reinforces the trachea
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fibrocartilage
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contains collagenous fibers, found in intervertebral discs
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elastic cartilages is found where?
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in the external ear and auditory tube
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Collagen fibers
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tough protien fibers that resist stretching or longitudal tearing
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hemocytoblast
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primary bone marrow cell type
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reticlar fibers
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fine, branching protein fibers that construct a supportive network
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macrophages
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engulf cellular debris and foreign matter and are active in immunity
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adipocytes
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in loose CT, store nutrients
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osteoblasts
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cellular elements that produce the collegen fibers in bones
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what dermal layer is responsible for fingerprints
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papillary layer
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vascular region of skin
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dermis
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actively mitotic epidermal region, the deepest epidermal layer
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basale
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site of elastic and collagen fibers
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dermis
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general site of melanin formation
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epidermis
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the stratum germinativum
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basale
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epidermal layer where most melanocytes are found
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basale
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Most responsible for the skin color of dark skinned peopl
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melanin
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provides and orange cast to the skin
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carotene
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provides natural sunscreen
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melanin
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most responsible for the skin color of Caucasians
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hemoglobin
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found within red blood cells in the blood vessels (pigment)
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hemoglobin
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what abnormality causes a bluish cast of the skin resulting from inadequate oxygenation of the blood.
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cyanosis
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Accumulation of bile pigments in the blood, may indicate liver disease
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jaundice
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clotted mass of blood that may signify bleeders disease
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hematoma
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their products are an oily mixture of lipids
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apocrine gland
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their ducts open to the external environments via a pore
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apocrine
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these glands are found everywhere on the body except palms and soles of feet
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sebaceous glands
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they become more active at puberty
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sebaceous glands
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their secretions become a blackhead
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sebaceous glands
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these glands are involved in thermoregulation
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apocrine glands
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full thickness burn , skin is blanched
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third degree burn
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blisters form
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second degree burn
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epidermal damage, redness, and some pain
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first degree burn
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rule of nines
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estimates the amount of fluid lost
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