Anatomy Ppt #2, Ppt#3,and Ppt#4

Front 1

what is a tissue?

Back 1

organization of similar cells that work together

Front 2

what are the 4 primary tissue types?

Back 2

muscle, nervous,connective and epithelial

Front 3

where are epithelial tissue located?

Back 3

they cover exposed surfaces, line internal cavities/tubes and form the glands of the body

Front 4

what are epithelial tissue functions?

Back 4

protection, absorption and secretion

Front 5

what are the characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Back 5

they are either simple(one layer thick) or stratified(more than one layer thick)

Front 6

what are differing shapes of epithelial cells?

Back 6

squamous,cubodial,or columnar

Front 7

where can simple squamous epithelium be found?

Back 7

lining ventral cavities, blood vessels and the heart

Front 8

where can stratified squamous epithelium be found?

Back 8

epidermis

Front 9

simple cubodial epithelium is found where?

Back 9

kidney tubules, pancreas, thyroid gland and salivary glands

Front 10

where can stratified cubodial epithelium be found?

Back 10

sweat glands and mammory glands

Front 11

where can simple columnar epithelium be found?

Back 11

lining the stomach, intestines and uterine tubes

Front 12

psuedostratified columnar epithelium is known for what characteristics?

Back 12

single layer of cells with differing heights of which all do not reach the free surface.

Front 13

where can psuedostratified columnar epithelium be found?

Back 13

lining the respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi.

Front 14

how do exocrine galnds secrete there secretions?

Back 14

through ducts onto a surface

Front 15

what secretion do endocrine glands release into the blood stream?

Back 15

hormones

Front 16

what is the most abundant and widespread sweat gland and through which process does it release its secretion?

Back 16

the merocrine gland releases sweat through exocytosis

Front 17

what are apocrine gland secretions?

Back 17

lactiferous glands of breasts and axillary sweat glands

Front 18

name a holocrine gland secretion.

Back 18

oil from the sebacious glands of the scalp and certain eyelid glands

Front 19

what are the membrane to membrane methods with which cells attach?

Back 19

tight junctions, gap junctions and desmosomes

Front 20

what are the three types of muscle tissue?

Back 20

skeletal,smooth and cardiac

Front 21

tissue that has the ability to contract is known as what?

Back 21

muscle tissue

Front 22

what tissue has the following characteristics: voluntary in there control, striated in appearance and multinucleated? ability to

Back 22

skeletal muscle tissue

Front 23

what muscle tissue has the following characteristics:forms the walls of hollow digestive organs, are involuntary in there control,non-striated in appearance and uninucleated?

Back 23

smooth muscle tissue

Front 24

involuntary in control,striated in appearance, single nucleated with intercalated connective discs?

Back 24

cardiac muscle tissue

Front 25

protein fibers and ground substance

Back 25

matrix(space)

Front 26

what are the names that connective tissue are classified under?

Back 26

connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissue and supporting connective tissue

Front 27

widely distributed under the epithelia of the body?

Back 27

areolar connective tissue

Front 28

gel-like matrix with all three fiber types, fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells and some wbc's

Back 28

areolar connective tissue

Front 29

network of reticular fibers in a loose ground sustance?

Back 29

reticular connective tissue

Front 30

fibers form a soft internal skeleton that supports other cell types including wbc's, mast cells and macrophages. found in lymph organs.

Back 30

reticular connective tissue

Front 31

primarily parallel collagen fibers with a few elastin fibers whose major cell type is fibroblast

Back 31

dense regular connective tissue

Front 32

attaches muscles to bone and bone to bone

Back 32

dense regular connective tissue

Front 33

primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers whose major cell type is fibroblast. dermis of the skin

Back 33

dense irregular connective tissue

Front 34

chondroblasts produce the matrix and when mature(chondrocytes) lie in lacunea

Back 34

hyaline cartilage connective tissue

Front 35

covers the end of long bone in joint cavities, form the costal cartilage of the rib, cartilages of the nose, trachea and larynx.

Back 35

hyaline

Front 36

which supporting connective tissue maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility. supports the external ear, and is also found in the epiglottis.

Back 36

elastic supporting connective tissue

Front 37

supportive connective tissue that can be found in between intervertebral discs and absorbs compressive shock?

Back 37

fibrocartilage

Front 38

very well vascularized connective tissue type.Hard calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers and in which osteocytes lie in lacunea

Back 38

osseous connective tissue

Front 39

red and wbc's in fluid matrix(plasma)

Back 39

blood connective tissue

Front 40

specialized tissue that allows for the conduction of an impulse.

Back 40

nueral(nervous)tissue

Front 41

what are the types of membranes?

Back 41

mucous, serous, cutaneous and synovial

Front 42

what are the three serous membranes?

Back 42

pericardium, peritoneum and pleurea

Front 43

which membrane consists of a 1)an epithelium, 2)an areolar connective tissue layer called lamina propria and 3) sometimes a smooth muscle layer called muscularis mucosea

Back 43

mucous membrane

Front 44

cover joints of the skeletal system?

Back 44

synovial membrane

Front 45

functions include the following:protection,thermoregulation,excretion and vit. d synthesis

Back 45

integumentary system

Front 46

what are the major regions of the skin?

Back 46

epidermis, dermis and hypodermis

Front 47

what is the tissue composition of the hypodermis?

Back 47

primarily loose connective with abundant adipose tissues

Front 48

outermost or top epidermal layer consisting of 20-30 cell layers

Back 48

stratum corneum

Front 49

cells in this epidermal layer are dead flattened scalelike remnants and fully keratinized

Back 49

stratum corneum

Front 50

a very thin tranlucent band of flattened dead keratinocytes found only in thick skin

Back 50

stratum lucidum

Front 51

at the upper border of this epidermal layer cells are starting to die

Back 51

stratum granulosum

Front 52

in most places this is the thickest layer of the epidermis and is named because of cells spiny appearance

Back 52

stratum spinosum

Front 53

deepest layer of epidermis attached to the basement membrane

Back 53

stratum basale or germinativum

Front 54

stem cells(active mitosis), melanocytes, merkel (sensory) cells and dendritic(macrophages) are contained within which epidermal layer?

Back 54

stratum germinativum(basale)

Front 55

contains a variety of blood vessels, nerve endings,glandular epithelia,hair structures and nail roots

Back 55

dermis

Front 56

upper layer of dermis and for attachment of epidermis

Back 56

papillary layer

Front 57

upwards waves/fingerlike extensions of the dermis

Back 57

dermal papillea

Front 58

downward waves/extentions of the epidermis

Back 58

epidermal ridges

Front 59

deeper 4/5ths of the dermis

Back 59

reticular layer

Front 60

"pilus"-shaft of keratinized cells

Back 60

hair

Front 61

types of hair

Back 61

lanugo,vellus and terminal

Front 62

located everywhere on the body except the palms of hands and soles of feet

Back 62

hair

Front 63

hemangiomas are another word for what?

Back 63

birthmarks

Front 64

elevated patch of melanized skin.

Back 64

mole(nevus)

Front 65

albinism?

Back 65

genetic lack of melatonin

Front 66

eumelanin?

Back 66

brown black melanin

Front 67

what is pheomelanin?

Back 67

a reddish-yellow sulfur containing pigment

Front 68

skin cancer originates in what cell types?

Back 68

epidermal cells

Front 69

what are the three cycles of hair growth?

Back 69

anagen,catagen and telogen

Front 70

Hard part of the nail?

Back 70

nail plate

Front 71

skin underlying the nail plate?

Back 71

nail bed

Front 72

the epidermis of the nail bed?

Back 72

hyponychium

Front 73

opaque white crescent on nail plate?

Back 73

lunule

Front 74

a narrow zone of dead skin that overhangs the lunule?

Back 74

eponychium

Front 75

deep inward depressions of stratum germinativum

Back 75

hair follicle

Front 76

composed of hard keratin?

Back 76

hair and nails