Anatomy- Posterior Triangle Of The Neck

Front 1

What makes up the base of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 1

middle 1/3 of the clavicle

Front 2

What makes up the anterior border of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 2

posterior edge of sternocleidomastoideus

Front 3

What makes up the posterior border of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 3

anterior edge of the trapezius

Front 4

What makes up the apex of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 4

superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Front 5

What makes up the roof of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 5

investing layer of deep cervical fascia and playtysma

Front 6

What makes up the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 6

1.semispinalis capitis
2. splenius capitis
3. levator scapulae
4. scalene muscles

Front 7

What does the sternocleidomastoideus attach to?

Back 7

1.mastoid process
2.medial 1/3 of clavicle and sternum

Front 8

What innervates the sternocleidomastoideus?

Back 8

accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)

Front 9

What is the function of the sternocleidomastiodeus?

Back 9

1.flexes head with bilateral contraction
2. ipsilateral contraction turns head contralaterally
3. also acts as an accessory muscle of respiration

Front 10

What are the attachments of the trapezius?

Back 10

1. superior nuchal line
2. lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Front 11

What innervates the trapezius?

Back 11

accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)

Front 12

What is the function of the trapezius?

Back 12

1. upper fibers elevate the shoulder girdle and supports weight of upper limb.
2. lower fibers draw scapula towards vertebral column

Front 13

What does the accessory nerve divide the roof of the posterior triangle of the neck into?

Back 13

A superior (carefree) portion and an inferior (careful) portion that contains the cervical plexus

Front 14

What layer covers the sternocleidomastoideus, the posterior triangle of the neck, and the trapezius?

Back 14

investing layer of deep cervical fascia

Front 15

What is contained in the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 15

1.accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
2. lesser occipital nerve (C2)
3. great auricular nerve (C2,3)
4. Transverse cervical nerve (C2,3)
5. Supraclavicular nerves (C3,4)
6. Sensory nerve to trapezius (C3,4)
7. external jugular vein
8. occipital and supraclavicular lymph nodes
9. inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle

Front 16

Where do the cutaneous cervical nerve branches appear?

Back 16

Appear from the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoideus and penetrate the investing fascia over the posterior triangle

Front 17

Where are the cutaneous cervical nerves derived from?

Back 17

Anterior rami of C2,3,4

Front 18

What nerves make up the cervical plexus?

Back 18

1. lesser occipital (C2)
2. great auricular nerve (C2,3)
3. Transverse cervical nerve (C2,3)
4. supraclavicular nerves (C3,4)
5. sensory nerve to the trapezius (C3,4)

Front 19

What does the lesser occipital nerve innervate?

Back 19

skin posterior to the ear and superficial to the mastoid process

Front 20

What does the great auricular nerve innervate?

Back 20

the skin over the upper aspects of sternocleidomastoideus, ear lobe, and fascia over parotid gland

Front 21

What does the transverse cervical nerve innervate?

Back 21

skin over the adam's apple

Front 22

What does the supraclavicular nerve innervate?

Back 22

may exhibit referred pain from pleura and peritoneum

Front 23

What lymph nodes are present in the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 23

1.supraclavicular lymph nodes
2. (sub)occipital nodes

Front 24

What would cause (sub)occipital nodes to enlarge?

Back 24

german measles or scalp infection

Front 25

What do the posterior and middle scalene muscles attach to?

Back 25

1.Posterior tubercles of the cervical vert.
2. ribs 1 and 2 (posterior to the subclavian artery

Front 26

What does the anterior scalene muscle attach to?

Back 26

1. anterior tubercle of the transverse processes of the cervical vert. (C3-6)
2. scalene tubercle of rib 1, separating the subclavian artery from the subclavian vein

Front 27

What cervical vertebrae have anterior tubercles?

Back 27

C3-6

Front 28

What does the prevertebral fascia cover?

Back 28

1.vertebral column
2.prevertebral and postvertebral muscles of the neck
3. the floor of the neck
4. subclavian artery
5. 3 trunks of the brachial plexus
6. loops of the cervical plexus

Front 29

What does the prevertebral fascia form in regards to infection?

Back 29

Forms an infection route from the posterior compartment of the neck to the axilla, producing upper extremity signs and symptoms.

Front 30

The lateral group of inferior cervical lymph nodes drain what areas and drain to what?

Back 30

Drain the back of the neck and scalp into the jugular lymphatic trunks.

Front 31

What are the major blood vessels of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 31

subclavian vein and subclavian artery

Front 32

The subclavian vein is a continuation of what other vein?

Back 32

axillary vein

Front 33

Where does the subclavian vein begin and end?

Back 33

Begins at the lateral border of rib 1.
Ends medial to scalene anterior.

Front 34

The subclavian vein joins with what to form the brachiocephalic vein?

Back 34

internal jugular vein

Front 35

The subclavian vein joins with the internal jugular vein to form what?

Back 35

brachiocephalic vein

Front 36

The subclavian veins lies where in relation to the clavicle?

Back 36

posterioinferior

Front 37

Where does the subclavian artery enter the posterior triangle of the neck?

Back 37

behind the insertion point of the scalenus anterior.

Front 38

What vessel arises from the subclavian artery and what vessels does it give rise to?

Back 38

thyrocervical trunk which gives rise to suprascapular artery and the transverse cervical artery.

Front 39

What does the suprascapular artery supply?

Back 39

Supraspinous and infraspinous fossae and their contents

Front 40

What does the transverse cervical artery supply?

Back 40

1.posterior surface of trapezius (superficial br.)
2. deep branches supply rhomboidei and medial border of the scapula

Front 41

In the cervical region the spinal nerves are named for the vertebrae lying where in relation to them?

Back 41

below (C1 nerve lies above the C1 vertebrae)

Front 42

In the thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions, spinal nerves are named for the vertebrae lying where in relation to them?

Back 42

above (T1 nerve lies below T1 vertebra)