Anatomy & Physiology-Marieb-Ch 19: Blood Vessels (Multiple Choice & T/f Quiz)

Front 1

1. During pulmonary circulation blood leaves the:

Back 1

right ventricle and moves to the lungs.

Hint 1

The movement of deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs is part of the pulmonary circuit.

Front 2

2. During systemic circulation blood leaves the:

Back 2

left ventricle and goes directly to the aorta.

Hint 2

The movement of oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the aorta is part of the systemic circuit.

Front 3

3. The endothelium is composed of:

Back 3

simple squamous epithelium.

Hint 3

The endothelium is the thin sheet of simple squamous epithelium lining the vessel.

Front 4

4. The inferior vena cava brings blood from the lower regions of the body and empties into the:

Back 4

right atrium.

Hint 4

The right atrium receives blood both from the superior and inferior vena cavae.

Front 5

5. Which is the correct sequence of layers in the vessel wall from outside to inside?

Back 5

Tunica externa, tunica media, tunica interna

Hint 5

The tunica externa is the outermost layer, the tunica media is in the middle layer, and the tunica interna lines the vessel.

Front 6

6.The major long-term mechanism of blood pressure control is provided by the:

Back 6

kidneys.

*not the heart

Hint 6

The kidneys act both directly and indirectly to regulate arterial pressure and provide the major long-term mechanism of blood pressure control.

Front 7

7.Exchange of gases and nutrients occurs by diffusion between the:

Back 7

capillaries and tissue cells.

Hint 7

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, most nutrients, and metabolic wastes pass between the blood and interstitial fluid by diffusion through the capillaries.

Front 8

8. Any condition in which blood vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally is called:

Back 8

circulatory shock.

*Not atherosclerosis

Hint 8

Circulatory shock results in inadequate blood flow to meet tissue needs when blood vessels are inadequately filled and blood cannot circulate normally.

Front 9

9.Reduction in lumen diameter of a blood vessel as the smooth muscle contracts is known as:

Back 9

vasoconstriction.

Hint 9

Depending on the bodies needs, either vasoconstriction (reduction in lumen diameter as the smooth muscle contracts) or vasodilation (increase in diameter) occurs.

Front 10

10.The only vessels that provide direct access to nearly every cell in the body are the:

Back 10

capillaries.

Hint 10

If blood vessels are compared to a system of expressways and roads, the capillaries are the back alleys and the driveways that provide direct access to nearly every cell in the body.

Front 11

11.Which of the following regulates blood flow at the entrance to each true capillary?

Back 11

Precapillary sphincter

Hint 11

The cuff of smooth muscle fibers surrounding the root of each true capillary at the metarteriole that acts as a valve to regulate blood flow into the capillary is a precapillary sphincter.

Front 12

12.Loss of vasomotor tone resulting in a huge drop in peripheral resistance is known as:

Back 12

vascular shock.

Hint 12

In vascular shock, blood volume is normal and constant but there is an abnormal expansion of the vascular beds, resulting in a huge drop in peripheral resistance, causing blood pressure to fall rapidly.

Front 13

13.Which of the following arteries branches to form the common hepatic artery, left gastric artery, and splenic artery?

Back 13

Celiac trunk

Hint 13

The celiac trunk branches to supply much of the upper abdomen.

Front 14

14.Which of the following veins is the longest in the body?

Back 14

Great saphenous vein

Hint 14

The great saphenous vein is the longest in the body, running from the sole of the foot up to the inguinal region (without changing names).

Front 15

15.Which of the layers of an artery wall is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system and many hormones?

Back 15

Middle layer

Hint 15

The middle layer of an artery, which contains smooth muscle, is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system and many hormones.

Front 16

16.Which of the following types of blood vessels have the thickest tunica media of all vessels?

Back 16

Distributing arteries

Hint 16

Distributing arteries have the thickest tunica media of all vessels.

Front 17

17. _____________ can compete with plasminogen but cannot dissolve clots and may contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Back 17

Lipoprotein (a)

**Not Cholesterol

Hint 17

Although cholesterol may contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, it does not compete with plasminogen. Lipoprotein (a) competes with plasminogen but cannot dissolve clots and participates in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Front 18

18.The minute-to-minute blood flow through the capillary beds is determined by the:

Back 18

diameter of arterioles.

Hint 18

The diameter of arterioles determines the amount of blood flow through the capillary beds.

Front 19

19.The presence of ___________ stabilizes the wall of capillaries.

Back 19

pericytes

Hint 19

The presence of pericytes stabilizes the walls of capillaries.

Front 20

20.All but which of the following blood vessels contain intercellular clefts?

Back 20

Arterioles

Hint 20

Arterioles do not contain intercellular clefts.

Front 21

21.The flow of blood from an arteriole to a venule is called the:

Back 21

microcirculation.

Front 22

22. A metarteriole is a vessel that:

Back 22

intermediate between the arteriole and the capillary bed.

Hint 22

A metarteriole is a vessel that is intermediate between the arteriole and the capillary bed.

Front 23

23.Which of the following conditions would NOT increase the chances of developing varicose veins?

Back 23

Running in place

Hint 23

Running in place would not increase the chances of developing varicose veins.

Front 24

24.Up to 65% of the body's blood supply is found in:

Back 24

veins.

Hint 24

Up to 65% of the body's blood supply is found in veins.

Front 25

25.All of the following are examples of sinuses, except:

Back 25

capillary sinuses.

Hint 25

Capillary sinuses do not exist.

Front 26

26. Most neural controls of blood pressure involve input from baroreceptors, which are sensitive to:

Back 26

to changes in blood pressure.

Hint 26

Baroreceptors are sensitive to change in blood pressure.

Front 27

27.An elastic lamina on both sides of the tunica media is a characteristic of:

Back 27

muscular arteries.

**Not elastic arteries

Hint 27

Elastic arteries do not have an elastic lamina on both sides of their tunica media.

Front 28

28.Which of the following blood vessels is the most susceptible to atherosclerosis?

Back 28

The aorta

Hint 28

Although all arteries are susceptible to atherosclerosis, the aorta is the most susceptible.

Front 29

29.Which of the following is the major force generating blood flow?

Back 29

Pumping action of the heart

**NOT: Peripheral resistance

Hint 29

The pumping action of the heart generates blood flow.

Front 30

30.Blood enters the myocardium of the heart by coronary vessels that originate from the:

Back 30

aorta.

**NOT: pulmonary veins

Hint 30

The coronary artery branches from the aorta near the base.

Front 31

True/False

The superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus empty into the left atrium.

Back 31

Answer: False

The superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus bring blood from all over the body and empty into the right atrium.alse

Front 32

True/False

Blood pressure in capillaries is lower than in arterioles.

Back 32

Answer: True

By the time blood reaches the capillaries, blood pressure has dropped.

Front 33

True/False

Hypotension is commonly called high blood pressure.

Back 33

Answer: False

High blood pressure is called hypertension.

Front 34

True/False

The heart produces a hormone called atrial natriuretic peptide that causes blood volume and blood pressure to decline.

Back 34

Answer: True **NOT False

ANP antagonizes aldosterone and prods the kidneys to excrete more sodium and water from the body.

Front 35

True/False

Orthostatic hypotension causes blood pressure to rise by increasing effects of ADH.

Back 35

Answer: False **NOT True

Orthostatic hypotension is temporary low blood pressure when rising from a reclining or sitting position due to pooling of blood in the lower limbs, which reduces blood flow to the brain.

Front 36

True/False

Atherosclerosis begins in youth but seldom causes noticeable problems until middle to old age.

Back 36

Answer: True

From middle to old age, atherosclerosis may precipitate a myocardial infarct or stroke.

Front 37

True/False

The most important factor in regulation of blood pressure is peripheral resistance.

Back 37

Answer: True

Because peripheral resistance is the most quickly changed variable in blood pressure, it is the most important for regulation.

Front 38

True/False

The vertebral artery supplies the brain with blood.

Back 38

Answer: True **NOT True

Together with the internal carotid artery, the vertebral artery contributes to the Circle of Willis, an arterial anastomosis for the brain.