Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
sagittal plane
|
vertical plane that splits body into L & R
|
|
|
frontal plane
|
vertical plane that splits body into front & back
|
|
|
transverse plane
|
horizontal plane that splits body into superior and inferior parts
|
|
|
oblique section
|
cut made diagonally between the horizontal and vertical planes
|
|
|
occipital
|
back of head
|
|
|
sural
|
calf
|
|
|
crural
|
leg
|
|
|
olecranal
|
back of elbow
|
|
|
coxal
|
hip
|
|
|
otic
|
ear
|
|
|
cephalic
|
head
|
|
|
cervical
|
neck
|
|
|
thoracic
|
chest
|
|
|
manus
|
hand
|
|
|
dorsal
|
back
|
|
|
sternal
|
middle of chest (sternum)
|
|
|
axillary
|
armpit
|
|
|
mammary
|
pectorals
|
|
|
mental
|
chin
|
|
|
inguinal
|
groin
|
|
|
acromial
|
shoulder
|
|
|
antebrachial
|
forearm
|
|
|
carpal
|
wrist
|
|
|
pollex
|
place between wrist & thumb
|
|
|
metacarpal
|
back of hand
|
|
|
palmar
|
palm
|
|
|
digital
|
finger
|
|
|
femoral
|
thigh
|
|
|
patellar
|
knee
|
|
|
popliteal
|
back of knee
|
|
|
fibular or peroneal
|
outside of calf
|
|
|
pedal
|
foot
|
|
|
tarsal
|
ankle
|
|
|
metatarsal
|
top of foot
|
|
|
calcaneal
|
heel
|
|
|
plantar
|
bottom of foot
|
|
|
hallux
|
big toe
|
|
|
scapular
|
large portion of back including shoulder blades
|
|
|
lumbar
|
mid lower back
|
|
|
sacral
|
just above butt in mid back
|
|
|
gluteal
|
butt
|
|
|
perineal
|
between anus & external genitalia
|
|
|
receptor
|
sensor that monitors the environment and responds to stimuli by sending info to the control center
|
|
|
control center
|
analyzes info received & determines appropriate response or course of action based on the set point which is the level at which a variable should be maintained
|
|
|
effector
|
receives the control center's response (output) & feeds back the response to influence the effect of the stimulus
|
|
|
negative feedback
|
a loop that reduces or stops the effect of a stimulus
|
|
|
positive feedback
|
a loop that increases the effect of a stimulus until it is no longer needed
|
|
|
necessary life functions
|
digestion, responsiveness, reproduction, excretion, movement, metabolism, maintenance of boundaries, & growth
|
|
|
organ systems
|
Urinary, Reproductive, Digestive, Respiratory, Endocrine, Muscular, Integumentary, Nervous, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Skeletal
|
|
|
principle of complementarity of structure and function
|
the structure of a part determines what it will be able to do (its function)
|
|
|
Basic types of tissue
|
epithelium, muscular, connective & nervous
|
|
|
mediastinum
|
the cavity which houses the pericardial cavity
|
|
|
pericardial cavity
|
houses the heart
|
|
|
serous (serosa) membrane
|
thin, double-layered membrane that covers the outer surfaces of the organs
|
|
|
parietal serosa
|
lines body cavities
|
|
|
visceral serosa
|
covers organs
|
|
|
Upper Right 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
Right hypochondriac region
|
|
|
Upper center 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
epigastric region
|
|
|
Upper left 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
left hypochondriac region
|
|
|
middle right 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
right lumbar region
|
|
|
middle center 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
umbilical region
|
|
|
middle left 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
left lumbar region
|
|
|
lower right 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
right iliac or inguinal region
|
|
|
lower center 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
hypogastric region
|
|
|
lower left 9th of abdominopelvic cavity
|
left iliac or inguinal region
|
|
|
synovial cavities
|
joint cavities
|
|
|
MRI
|
produces images of our soft tissues
|
|
|
PET
|
excels in observing the metabolic process
|
|
|
CT
|
refined version of Xray that clarifies confusion caused before by overlapping structures
|
|
|
metabolism
|
all chemical reactions occurring in the body
|
|
|
order of structural organization
|
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ systems, organism
|
|
|
chemical energy
|
energy stored in the bonds of chemical substances
|
|
|
electrical energy
|
energy that results from the movement of charged particles
|
|
|
mechanical energy
|
energy directly involved in moving matter
|
|
|
radiant/electromagnetic energy
|
energy that travels in waves`
|
|
|
radioisotopes
|
radioactive atoms (of an element)
|
|
|
mixtures
|
substances with 2+ components physically intermixed
|
|
|
solutions
|
homogenous mixtures of components
|
|
|
solvent
|
the dissolving medium
|
|
|
solute
|
substance present in smaller amounts
|
|
|
colloid
|
heterogenous mixtures; nonuniform mixtures but the solute does not settle out
|
|
|
suspension
|
heterogenous mixtures in which the solute particles are very large and they do settle out
|
|
|
ionic bond
|
a bond formed when atoms transfer electrons from one to another
|
|
|
covalent bond
|
a bond formed when atoms share electrons
|
|
|
dipole
|
a molecule that is electrically unbalanced & thus non symmetrical
|
|
|
anabolic
|
constructive activities
|
|
|
cations
|
electrically charged particles that have lost an electron
|
|
|
anions
|
electrically charged particles that have gained an electron
|
|
|
oxidized
|
electron donors
|
|
|
reduced
|
electron acceptors
|
|
|
exergonic rxns
|
rxns that release energy
|
|
|
endergonic rxns
|
rxns that absorb energy
|
|
|
alkaline
|
more basic
|
|
|
neutralization rxn
|
when an acid & a base react to give off water as a product & salt as the other product
|
|
|
types of carbohydrates
|
monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides (sugars)
|
|
|
types of lipids
|
triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids (including cholesterol), eicosanoids (including prostaglandins)
|
|
|
types of proteins
|
amino acids, peptide bonds, fibrous & globular
|
|
|
functions of proteins
|
structural framework, mechanical support, movement, catalysis, transport, regulation of pH & metabolism, body defense & protein management
|
|
|
components of a nucleotide
|
N-containing base, pentose sugar, & phosphate group
|
|
|
characterize weak acids
|
ionize incompletely in water, act as part of a buffer system, ionize at high pH
|
|
|
characterize strong acids
|
ionize completely in water, always act to change pH in water, ionize at any pH
|
|
|
CH2O
|
carbohydrate
|
|
|
building block of carbohydrates
|
monosaccarides
|
|
|
building blocks of lipids
|
fatty acids & glycerol
|
|
|
building blocks of proteins
|
amino acids
|
|
|
Contains C, H, O, N and sometimes P & S
|
proteins
|
|
|
contains C H & O, but less O than a 1:2:1 ratio
|
lipids
|
|
|
name 4 types of lipids
|
phospholipids, triglycerides, steroids & eicosanoids
|
|
|
building blocks of nucleic acids
|
nucleotides
|
|
|
what does adenine pair with
|
thymine & uracil
|
|
|
the universal currency of living cells
|
ATP
|
|
|
section of DNA & its 8 histone proteins
|
nucleosome
|
|
|
what lines the digestive tract
|
simple columnar epithelial tissue
|
|
|
what lines the interior of blood vessels
|
simple squamous epithelial tissue
|
|
|
which type of tissue is in bone marrow, the spleen & lymph nodes
|
reticular connective tissue
|
|
|
what lines the urinary bladder
|
transitional epithelial tissue
|
|
|
what type of tissue are goblet cells
|
simple columnar epithelial
|
