Anatomy+ Physiology Chapter 10

Front 1

Describe the characteristics and functions of muscular tissue.

Back 1

Heat production, Movement, Stability, Control- Glycemic+ of openings and passageways

Front 2

Explain the organization of muscle at the tissue level.

Back 2

Myofilaments>Sarco mere(thick+thin filaments)>Myofibril>Muscle fiber> Fasicicle (surrounded by perimysium)>Muscle(Surrounded by epimysium. Fascia separate muscles from one another

Front 3

Explain the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle fiber.

Back 3

Multi-nucleated, striated, Voluntary, rich in mitochondria. Plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is called the sarcolemma, its cytoplasm is called sarcoplasm. Is abundant in glycogen. Red pigment is called myoglobin. Myoblasts produce each muscle fiber, Satellite cells regenerate damaged skeletal muscle.

Front 4

What are regulatory and contractile proteins?

Back 4

Regulatory - Tropomyosin & troponin, determine which fiber can contract and when it can notContractile - Myosin & actin, work to shorten the muscle fiber

Front 5

Describe the features of synapse.

Back 5

Synaptic knob- bulbous swellingSynaptic cleft - narrow space between the muscle fiber and the synapseSchwann cell - envelops entire junction and isolates it from tissue fluid.Synaptic vesicles - Spheroidal organelles filled with acetylcholine / neurotransmitters to be sent out

Front 6

Explain the characteristics and stimulators of cardiac muscle cells.

Back 6

Striated, joined end to end through linkages called intercalated discs, each disc has electrical gap junctions that allow each Cardiocyte to directly stimulate its neighbors.

Front 7

Explain the characteristics and stimulators of smooth muscle cells.

Back 7

Un-striated, myocytes relatively small, allowing for fine control of tissues. Not always innervated, but when it is, the nerve supply is autonomic, like that of the heart. Varicosities, containing synaptic vesicles from which neurotransmitters are released (norepinephrine - sympathetic fibers, and acetylcholine - parasympathetic fibers)

Front 8

Origin

Insertion

Back 8

Origin: Stationary, bony site of muscle attachment

Insertion: Mobile end of the muscle attachment

Front 9

Antagonist

Back 9

Muscle that opposes the prime mover

Front 10

Agonist

Back 10

Muscle that produces the most movement during joint action (Prime mover)