Anatomy & Physiology

Front 1

anatomical position

Back 1

Palms up forward, the body is erect

Front 2

superior

Back 2

towards the head

Hint 2

eyes are superior to the mouth

Front 3

inferior

Back 3

towards the feet, lower in position

Hint 3

chest is inferior to the neck

Front 4

anterior (ventral)

Back 4

towards the front

Hint 4

frontal bone is anterior (ventral) to the occipital bone

Front 5

posterior (dorsal)

Back 5

towards the rear

Hint 5

The occipital bone is posterior (dorsal) to the frontal bone

Front 6

medial

Back 6

towards the midline

Front 7

lateral

Back 7

towards the side, away from midline

Front 8

projection

Back 8

a part extending beyond the level of its surroundings

Front 9

recession

Back 9

the withdrawal of a part from its normal position

Front 10

depresssion

Back 10

a hollow or concave region

Front 11

protrusion

Back 11

the state or condition of being thrust forward or projecting

Front 12

concave

Back 12

exhibiting a depressed or hollow surface; a concavity

Front 13

convex

Back 13

curved evenly; resembling a segment of the outer edge of a sphere

Front 14

inclination

Back 14

slope; deviation from the horizontal or vertical

Front 15

symmetry

Back 15

correspondence in size, shape, and relative position of parts that are on opposite sides of the face

Front 16

asymmetry

Back 16

lack of symmetry, balance, or proportion

Front 17

bilateral

Back 17

two sides

Front 18

bilateral differences

Back 18

dissimilarities existing in the two sides or half of an object

Front 19

median (sagittal) plane

Back 19

a lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions/ into two equal halves

Hint 19

If the division is into two equal halves, it is called , Edina or mid-sagittal

Front 20

horizontal (transverse)

Back 20

divides the body into superior and inferior sections

Front 21

frontal (coronal)

Back 21

divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

Front 22

occipitofrontalis (epicranius)

Back 22

broad muscle covers the top of the skull/ it consists of 2 parts, the occipitalis, or back part, and the frontalis, or front part

Hint 22

This muscle draws the scalp posterior and anteriorly, causing eyebrows to raise and wrinkles to form on forehead

Front 23

temporalis (2)

Back 23

a broad muscle arising in the temporal cavity and inserting in the mandible

Hint 23

A muscle of mastic at ion and is the strongest chewing muscle/ assists in side to side movement of the mandible

Front 24

masseter (2)

Back 24

a muscle arising from the zygote arch and inserting in the mandible

Hint 24

a muscle of mastication (chewing)/ it closes the mandible

Front 25

orbicularis oculi (2)

Back 25

the sphincter muscle surrounds the eye socket

Hint 25

closes the eyelid and compresses the lack sac

Front 26

corrugator (2)

Back 26

a pyramid- shaped muscle of facial expression/ this muscle lies beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi

Hint 26

known as the frowning muscle

Front 27

levator palpebrae superioris (2)

Back 27

a muscle of facial expression that runs from the inside of the eye socket to the superior tarsal plate of the eyelid

Hint 27

raises the upper eyelid

Front 28

procerus (1)

Back 28

this muscle covers the bridge of the nose

Hint 28

draws the skin of the forehead imferiorly, causing transverse and vertical wrinkles in the forehead

Front 29

orbicularis Oris (puckering muscle)

Back 29

a flat band of muscles in the upper and lower red lips and integumetary lips

Hint 29

closes the lips, compresses the lips against the teeth, shapes lips during speech

Front 30

levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (2)

Back 30

a muscle of facial expression

Hint 30

raises the upper lip and dialects the nostrils

Front 31

levator labii superioris

Back 31

a muscle of facial expression

Hint 31

elevates and extends the upper lip

Front 32

muscles of the cranium face and neck

Back 32

Front 33

levator anguli oris (2)

Back 33

a small muscle at the angle of the mouth

Hint 33

elevates the angle of the mouth

Front 34

zygomaticus minor (2)

Back 34

muscle of the face

Hint 34

draws the upper lip superior and laterally

Front 35

zygomaticus major (2) (laughing muscle)

Back 35

extends from the cheekbone to the angle of the mouth

Hint 35

draws the upper lip posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally as in smiling or laughing

Front 36

buccinator (2) (trumpeter muscle)

Back 36

the principle muscle of the cheek/ originates in the skin over the molar teeth and insert into the skin at the anguli oris (corners of the mouth)

Hint 36

compresses the cheek, and it 0ulls the anguli oris posteriorly/ it produces an he act of sucking

Front 37

risorius (2) (false smiling muscle)

Back 37

extends from the skin over the masseter muscles to the corner of the mouth

Hint 37

draws corners of the mouth posteriorly

Front 38

depressor anguli oris (2) (triangularis)

Back 38

a muscle of facial expression that arises from the mandible to insert into the angular oris

Hint 38

depresses the angle of the mouth

Front 39

depress or labii inferioris (2) (quadratus)

Back 39

a muscle of the facial expression

Hint 39

depresses the lower lip imferiorly and slightly lateral

Front 40

mentalis (1)

Back 40

this muscle is located on the tip of the chin

Hint 40

elevates and protrudes the lower lip/ it also wrinkles the skin over the chin

Front 41

platysma (2)

Back 41

thin layer of muscle covering the anterior aspect of the neck

Hint 41

wrinkles the skin of the neck and chest/ also depresses the mandible and anguli oris, as is in pouting

Front 42

sternocleidomastoid (2) (SCM)

Back 42

a thick muscle that originates from the head of the sternum and the clavicle and inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal Bo e

Hint 42

rotates and depresses the head

Front 43

diastric (2)

Back 43

a double-blind muscle of the neck, which attaches to the astoid process and mandible

Hint 43

draws the hyoid bone superiorly