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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which type of immune response is primarily responsible for resolving viral, fungal, and parasitic infections, as well as fighting against cancer? |
cell-mediated |
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What are the two hallmarks of the immune system? |
specificity and memory |
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What is a chemical substance that is recognized by the body as a foreign substance? |
antigen |
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What is the process called whereby antibodies bind to an antigen and mark it for destruction by phagocytosis? |
opsonization |
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What triggers the classical pathway of complement? |
antigen-antibody complexes |
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What organelle is key to the process of phagocytosis? |
lysosome |
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What cells develop from B cells and produce antibodies? |
plasma cells |
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Which type of immune response is primarily responsible for resolving bacterial infections and can also be effective against viruses when they are outside of cells? |
humoral |
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What is the substance found in many body fluids that breaks down the cell walls of some bacteria? |
lysozyme |
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Which antibody is a pentamer which triggers complement and agglutinates antigens? |
lgM |
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What surface protein identifies cytotoxic T cells |
CD8 |
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Where do T cells mature? |
thymus |
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What structure stores and releases blood in times of demand and serves as a lymph node for the blood? |
spleen |
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Where in the lymph node are lymphocytes located? |
cortex |
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These two types of cells are the phagocytic cells in the body. |
neutrophils and macrophages |
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The combination of C5b,6,7,8,9 which destroys the plasma membrane of microbes is called the: |
membrane attack complex |
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Which component of complement is an opsonin? |
C3b |
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The attraction of phagocytes to an area of inflammation by following an increasing concentration of inflammatory molecules. |
chemotaxis |
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Which antibody can trigger complement, enhance phagocytosis, and cross the placenta? |
lgG |
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What surface protein identifies T helper cells? |
CD4 |
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Which cells are responsible for the cell-mediated immune response? |
cytotoxic T cells |
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What is the antigen receptor on B cells? |
antibody |
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Where in the lymph node are macrophages located? |
medulla |
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What is the general substance produced by virus-infected cells that protects uninfected cells from viral replication? |
interferon |
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What substance is produced by macrophages during antigen presentation to T helper cells to help activate the T helper cells? |
interleukin 1 |
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What do lymphatic capillaries have that blood capillaries do not have? |
valves |
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Where do B cells mature? |
bone marrow |
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What substance is produced by T helper cells during binding with B cells to help activate the B cells? |
interleukin 2 |
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Which components of complement cause inflammation? |
C3a and C5a |
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What are the four signs of inflammation? |
redness, heat, pain, swelling |
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These cells have the ability to kill a wide variety of microbes and tumor cells with no prior activation. |
natural killer cells |
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What triggers the alternative pathway of complement? |
cell wall polysaccharides of some pathogens |
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What is the name of the lymphoid tissue defending the upper respiratory tract against pathogens? |
tonsils |
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What type of MHC molecule functions in self/nonself recognition? |
class 1 |
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What is responsible for the secondary immune response? |
memory cells |
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Which antibody binds to the surface of mast cells and basophils and functions in an allergic response? |
IgE |
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Which dimeric antibody is found in body secretions, protects the respiratory and digestive tracts, and is found in breast milk? |
IgA |
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What type of MHC molecule is found on immune system cells and helps to regulate the response? |
Class 2 |
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What substance increases vascular permeability during inflammation? |
histamine |
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What is the name of the lymphoid tissue defending the digestive tract against pathogens? |
Peyer's patches |
