Anatomy: Pelvis & Perineum Iii

Front 1

female pelvic organs include

Back 1

ovary, uterine tube, uterus, & vagina

Front 2

ovaries are paired glands that function to

Back 2

produce oocytes & secrete estrogen & progesterone

Front 3

location of ovaries depends upon

Back 3

parity

Front 4

in nulliparous women, ovaries are located in

Back 4

ovarian fossa

Front 5

ovarian fossa, boundaries

Back 5

iliac vessels, ureter, obturator n., obliterated umbilical a.

Front 6

ovary, lateral

Back 6

psoas major m.

Front 7

ovary, medial

Back 7

sigmoid colon posteriorly, uterus anteriorly

Front 8

ovary ascends with

Back 8

first pregnancy

Front 9

after pregnancy, ovary usually lies

Back 9

inferior to ovarian fossa & may lie as low as rectouterine pouch

Front 10

mesovarium

Back 10

part of broad ligament of uterus; attaches ovary to broad ligament

Front 11

ovarian ligament is a

Back 11

cranial remnant of the gubernaculum

Front 12

suspensory ligament of ovary aka

Back 12

infundibula-pelvic ligament

Front 13

gubernaculum

Back 13

connective tissue strand that extends between gonad & labia-scrotal swelling that serves to "guide" gonadal descent

Front 14

ovarian ligament connects

Back 14

ovary to uterus

Front 15

suspensory ligament of ovary consists of

Back 15

peritoneum & subserous fascia that surrounds ovarian blood vessels

Front 16

ovary forms

Back 16

high in abdominal cavity & descends after its blood, lymphatic, & nerve supplies are established

Front 17

ovarian a. is a branch of

Back 17

aorta from LV2

Front 18

ovarian a. arises from

Back 18

anterolateral side of aorta

Front 19

most pelvic organs receive vascular supply from

Back 19

internal iliac aa branches

Front 20

ovarian a descends and crosses over

Back 20

ureter & external iliac vessels

Front 21

after ovarian a crosses over external iliac vessels, it

Back 21

courses within the suspensory ligament of ovary (peritoneum & subserous fascia)

Front 22

right ovarian vein drains to

Back 22

IVC

Front 23

left ovarian vein drains to

Back 23

left renal vein

Front 24

lymphatic vessels from ovary drain to

Back 24

para-aortic (lateral aortic) group of lumbar lymph nodes

Front 25

lumbar lymph nodes are located

Back 25

very high in abdomen, near cisterna chyli

Front 26

innervation of ovaries

Back 26

visceral afferents course with sympathetics (T10-11 via lesser splanchnic) & with VAGUS

Front 27

innervation of ovaries established

Back 27

prior to gonadal descent

Front 28

portions of uterine tube

Back 28

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, intramural

Front 29

infundibulum

Back 29

lateral funnel-shaped portion of uterine tube that has fimbriae that open into peritoneal cavity; cilia of fimbriae help gather oocyte

Front 30

ampulla of uterine tube

Back 30

dilated portion that is site of fertilization

Front 31

isthmus of uterine tube

Back 31

medial part attached to uterus

Front 32

intramural part of uterine tube

Back 32

located within uterus

Front 33

uterine tube, functions

Back 33

convey gametes, both oocyte & sperm, and convey morula to uterus

Front 34

mesosalpinx

Back 34

part of broad ligament attached to uterine tube

Front 35

blood supply to uterine tube

Back 35

ovarian & uterine aa.

Front 36

veinous supply, uterine tube

Back 36

ovarian & uterine vv.

Front 37

uterine tube, nerve supply

Back 37

CN X & pelvic parasympathetic nn; sympathetic nn.

Front 38

fundus of uterus

Back 38

portion of uterus furthest from exit (cervix), portion that is "superior" to openings of uterine tube

Front 39

body of uterus

Back 39

main portion

Front 40

isthmus of uterus

Back 40

constricted area of uterus prior to cervix

Front 41

cervix of uterus

Back 41

neck; extends into vagina; cervical canal is about 2 cm long, between internal os & external os

Front 42

normal uterine position is

Back 42

anteverted and anteflexed

Front 43

anteverted uterus

Back 43

entire uterus is bent forward onto bladder; longitudinal axis of vagina makes 90-100degree angle with uterine cervix

Front 44

anteflexed uterus

Back 44

angle of uterine body is bent forward about 15-20 degrees compared to uterine cervix

Front 45

when urinary bladder fills, uterus is

Back 45

pushed up & back; it becomes retroflexed first & then retroverted

Front 46

variations on normal position of uterus

Back 46

can be retroflexed and/or retroverted

Front 47

rectouterine pouch aka

Back 47

pouch of Douglas

Front 48

rectouterine pouch is place where

Back 48

peritoneum reflects from rectum onto uterus

Front 49

uterovesical pouch is place where

Back 49

peritoneum reflects from uterus onto urinary bladder

Front 50

broad ligament of uterus

Back 50

comprised of peritoneum; attached to lateral sides of uterus

Front 51

portions of broad ligament of uterus

Back 51

mesometrium, mesovarium, mesosalpinx

Front 52

mesometrium of broad lig.

Back 52

attached to uterus

Front 53

mesovarium of broad lig.

Back 53

attached to ovary

Front 54

mesosalpinx of broad lig.

Back 54

attached to fallopian tube

Front 55

gubernaculum has two remnants

Back 55

ovarian ligament & round ligament

Front 56

ovarian ligament extends

Back 56

from ovary to uterus

Front 57

round ligament extends

Back 57

from uterus, courses through inguinal rings & canal to end in labium majus

Front 58

uterosacral ligament

Back 58

peritoneum & subserous fascia; attaches sacrum to cervix; helps "anchor" cervix, keeping it in midline

Front 59

pubocervical ligament

Back 59

portion of pubovesical ligament

Front 60

lateral (transverse) cervical ligament aka

Back 60

cardinal ligament

Front 61

lateral cervical ligament

Back 61

composed of peritoneum & subserous fascia; located at inferior end of broad ligament

Front 62

lateral cervical ligament conveys

Back 62

uterine vessels; of the ligaments, greatest support; attached to cervix

Front 63

uterine support (greatest to least)

Back 63

pubococcygeus, urogenital diaphragm, urinary bladder, areolar tissue & endopelvic fascia, ligaments of uterus

Front 64

ligaments of uterus that provide uterine support (greatest to least)

Back 64

lateral cervical, uterosacral, broad, ovarian & round, pubocervical

Front 65

ovarian & round ligaments

Back 65

two remnants of gubernaculum

Front 66

uterine a. is branch of

Back 66

internal iliac

Front 67

uterine a. courses in

Back 67

cardinal ligament

Front 68

uterine a. crosses over

Back 68

ureter

Front 69

uterine a. crosses

Back 69

superior to ureter

Front 70

uterine a. divides into

Back 70

descending branches & larger ascending branch

Front 71

descending branches of uterine a.

Back 71

vaginal & cervical branches

Front 72

uterine a. also supplies

Back 72

many branches to uterus; usually also supplies tube, may supply ovary

Front 73

lymphatic drainage of uterus important because of

Back 73

high frequency of uterine cancer

Front 74

lymphatics from fundus of uterus

Back 74

drain to para-aortic group of lumbar nodes

Front 75

body of uterus, lymphatics

Back 75

drain to external iliac nodes via broad ligament; to internal iliac nodes via uterine vessels; to superficial inguinal nodes via path of round ligament

Front 76

cervix of uterus, lymphatics

Back 76

drains to sacral, external, internal & common iliac aa.

Front 77

innervation of uterus via

Back 77

uterovaginal plexus portion of pelvic plexus

Front 78

parasympathetics travel to uterus via

Back 78

pelvic splanchnic nn

Front 79

sympathetics travel to uterus via

Back 79

least & lumbar splanchnic nn (T12, L1, L2)

Front 80

vagina, anterior wall length

Back 80

8 cm (3.25 inches)

Front 81

vagina, posterior wall length

Back 81

9 cm (3.54 inches)

Front 82

vagina, tissue type

Back 82

elastic; allows for distension

Front 83

fornix of vagina

Back 83

continual recess around cervix (anterior, posterior, & lateral sides)

Front 84

anterior relations of vagina

Back 84

urinary bladder & uterus (uterus also superior)

Front 85

lateral relations of vagina

Back 85

levator ani & ureter

Front 86

posterior relations of vagina

Back 86

rectum, rectouterine pouch, perineal body

Front 87

fascial covering & muscle fibers of vagina blend with ______ as vagina passes "through" pelvic diaphragm

Back 87

fascia & muscles of pelvic diaphragm (levator ani portion)

Front 88

primary support for vagina comes from

Back 88

levator ani mm.

Front 89

secondary support for vagina comes from

Back 89

UGD

Front 90

chief arterial supply to vagina is

Back 90

vaginal aa.

Front 91

secondary arterial supply to vagina (four)

Back 91

uterine a, inferior vesical a, middle rectal a, internal pudendal a.

Front 92

lymphatics, upper vagina

Back 92

external & internal iliac nodes

Front 93

lymphatics, middle vagina

Back 93

internal iliac nodes

Front 94

lymphatics, lower vagina

Back 94

superficial inguinal nodes

Front 95

male organs of the pelvis

Back 95

ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, prostate, ejaculatory duct (within prostate)

Front 96

ductus deferens, consist of

Back 96

paired structures that are continuation of epididymis

Front 97

ductus deferens, function

Back 97

convey sperm

Front 98

ductus deferens, course

Back 98

superficial ring --> inguinal canal --> deep ring --> pelvis

Front 99

ductus deferens, relationships

Back 99

passes over external iliac vessels; lies adjacent to peritoneum; descends medial to ureter & obturator n.; crosses anterior to ureter; passes superior & then medial to seminal vesicle; joins duct of seminal vesicle to enter prostate

Front 100

ductus deferens enlarges to

Back 100

ampulla (vas deferens) medial to the seminal vesicle before it joins the duct of the seminal vesicle to enter the prostate

Front 101

ductus deferens, vascular supply

Back 101

deferential a.

Front 102

ductus deferens, lymphatics

Back 102

external iliac lymph nodes

Front 103

seminal vesicle, consists of

Back 103

paired glands

Front 104

seminal vesicle; function

Back 104

secrete fructose-rich fluid

Front 105

seminal vesicle, relationships

Back 105

lies lateral to vas deferens; ventral surface lies in contact with posterior surface of bladder

Front 106

seminal vesicle, special relationship to rectum

Back 106

dorsal surface of seminal vesicle is separated from rectum by rectovesical septum known as Denonvillier's fascia; checks against direct metastasis

Front 107

rectovesical septum aka.

Back 107

Denonvillier's fascia

Front 108

seminal vesicle, structure

Back 108

highly coiled gland

Front 109

duct of seminal vesicle joins

Back 109

vas deferens

Front 110

seminal vesicle, vascular supply

Back 110

middle rectal & inferior vesical aa.

Front 111

ejaculatory duct, formed by/location

Back 111

union of duct of seminal vesicle and vas deferens; only 2 cm long & located within prostate; same blood supply as seminal vesicle

Front 112

prostate, location

Back 112

rests on UGD

Front 113

prostate, terminology re: lobation

Back 113

variable, depending upon who is talking

Front 114

prostate, development

Back 114

five lobes: anterior, posterior, median (middle), & paired lateral lobes

Front 115

prostate, anterior lobe of becomes

Back 115

isthmus which contains only smooth muscle & no glandular tissue

Front 116

prostate, posterior lobe becomes

Back 116

incorporated into lateral lobes

Front 117

prostate is traversed by

Back 117

urethra & paired ejaculatory ducts

Front 118

prostate, relationships

Back 118

base of prostate contacts bladder; apex of prostate rests on UGD

Front 119

capsule of prostate surrounded by

Back 119

fibrous sheath

Front 120

_______ ligaments blend with fibrous sheath of prostate

Back 120

puboprostatic ligaments

Front 121

prostate, arterial supply

Back 121

inferior vesical a, internal pudendal a, middle rectal a

Front 122

venous plexus to prostate lies

Back 122

deep to sheath, superficial to capsule

Front 123

venous plexus of prostate receives

Back 123

deep dorsal vein

Front 124

venous plexus of prostate drains to

Back 124

both vertebral plexus & internal iliac vv

Front 125

urethral crest of prostate

Back 125

narrow midline elevation of mucosa & stroma

Front 126

prostatic sinuses lie

Back 126

lateral to crest

Front 127

prostatic sinuses receive

Back 127

12-20 prostatic ducts

Front 128

colliculus seminalis is

Back 128

"hill" that receives openings of ejaculatory ducts