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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pericardium (describe it) |
A sac consisting of two layers (double-walled) surrounding the heart and is composed of a superficial fibrous pericardium (outer-layer) and a deep two-layer serous pericardium (inner-layer). |
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Pericardium (function) |
Protects and anchors the heart, prevents overfilling of the heart with blood, and allows the heart to work in a relatively friction-free environment. |
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Fibrous Pericardium |
Outermost layer of the pericardium and it is dense, with irregular connective tissue which gives it its enormous strength. |
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Serous Pericardium |
Inner-layer of pericardium, itself made up of two layers, the parietal layer which lines the internal sufacr of the fibrous pericardium and the visceral layer, epicardium that lines the suface of the heart. |
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Parietal Layer |
Lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium |
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Visceral Layer/Epicardium |
Lines the surface of the heart |
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Parietal layer and the visceral/epicardium are separated by... |
The fluid-filled pericardial cavity will release serous fluid, which contains lots of molecules of similar charge, giving it a repelling frictionless environment. |
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The Heart Wall Consist of? |
Epicardium Myocardium Endocardium |
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Epicardium (describe it) |
Lines with the surface of the heart and is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. |
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Myocardium (describe it) |
Cardiac muscle layer forming the bulk of the heart (the functional layer) composed of cardial myocytes. It is the thickest layer. |
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Endocardium (describe it) |
Endothelial layer (of squamous epithelium) covering the internal myocardial surface, making it the innermost layer. Creates a very, very smooth inner-lining and is the thinnest layer. |
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Atria of the Heart (Auricle) |
-Receiving chambers of the heart -Each Atrium has a protruding auricle -Pectinate muscles mark atrial wall (found on the inside)
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Ventricles |
-Are the Discharging chambers of the heart -Much larger chambers and walls -Papillary muscles (two on each side) -Chordae Tendineae -Trabeculae Carneae (extensions of myocardium) |
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Between the R. Ventricle and the L. Ventricle, which one has a thicker wall? |
Left Ventricle |
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Heart Valves |
In general, the heart valves are passive flaps of tissue that prevent blood from flowing backwards (retrograde flow) |
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Atrioventricular Valves |
Prevent backflow into the atria when ventricles contract -Mitral (bicuspid) valve is found between the left atrium and left ventricle -Tricuspid valve leads from right atrium into the right ventricle -Chordae Tendineae anchor AV valves to papillary muscles |
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Pacemaker Cells |
Their job is predominantly to generate an excitation and spread it around the heart. |
