Anatomy Of The Eye I: Brainstem

Front 1

brainstem is derived from?

Back 1

mesencephalon (midbrain)
metencephalon (pons )
myelencephalon (medulla)

Front 2

Tegmentum =
Tectum =

Back 2

tegmentum = floor
tectum = roof

Front 3

What are the borders of the midbrain?

Back 3

- mammillary bodies
- isthmus

Front 4

What are the four "bumps" of the tectum of the midbrain (i.e. dorsally)?

Back 4

corpora quadrigemina (superior and inferior colliculi)

Front 5

What separates the tectum and tegmentum of the midbrain?>

Back 5

cerebral aqueduct

Front 6

Where are the cerebral peduncles located?

Back 6

ventral aspect of the midbrain

Front 7

Where are the nuclei of CN III located?

Back 7

tegmentum of the midbrain:
oculomotor and EW-nuclei adjacent

Front 8

Which nerves exit the midbrain dorsally?

a) CN III
b) CN IV
c) CN V
d) a and b
e) all of the above

Back 8

b

Front 9

the trochlear nerve exits the midbrain ________ and _______ to the inferior colliculi.

Back 9

dorsally; caudal

Front 10

What are the borders of the pons?

Back 10

isthmus of brainstem
pontomedullary jx
4th ventricle

Front 11

Why are the cerebellar peduncles important to pontine anatomy?

Back 11

they connect the cerebellum to the brainstem

Front 12

Name all pontine nuclei

Back 12

CN V (s,m)
CN VI (m)
CN VII (s,m)
CN VIII
also basal and superior olivary nuclei

Front 13

The following 4 tracts/fibers are considered (midbrain/pontine/medullary)


1. corticospinal tract
2. medial lemniscus
3. spinothalamic tract
4. pontocerebellar fibre

Back 13

pontine

Front 14

What are the boundaries of the medulla?

Back 14

pontomedullary jx
foramen magnum

Front 15

Where are pyramids and olives located?

Back 15

medulla...

Front 16

Name the cranial nerve nuclei that originate at the medulla

Back 16

part of CN V (sensory only)
part of CN VII (sensory only)
part of CN VIII (sensory only)
IX (s,m)
X (s,m)
XII (m)

NOTE THAT CN XI NUC IS NOT IN THIS LIST!

also have inferior olivary nuclei

Front 17

Where do the pyramids decussate?

Back 17

spinomedullary jx

Front 18

Posterior column of medulla consist of

Back 18

fasiculus gracilis (medial)
fasiculus cuneatus

Front 19

What are rhe functions of reticular formation

Back 19

- regularion of resp and circulatory systems
- consciousness, wakefullness, sleep

Front 20

RECALL:::::

Back 20

Sm = somatic motor
A = visceral motor
B = branchial motor
Ss = somatic sensory
Vi = Visceral sensory
Sp = special sensory

Front 21

name the somatic motor and visceral motor nuclei associated with CN III.

Back 21

sm = oculomotor nuc
A = EW nuc

Front 22

Name the 3 somatic sensory nuclei of CN V.

Back 22

ss (V):
- main sensory nuc
- mesencephalic n
- spinal sensory nuc

Front 23

what is the branchial motor nuc of CN V?q

Back 23

motor nuc of trigeminal!

Front 24

somatic sensory of VII?

Back 24

spinal trigeminal nuc ???????

Front 25

visceral sensory of VII?

Back 25

nuc of solitary tract

Front 26

branchial motor of VII (most imp)

Back 26

facial nuc

Front 27

vestibulocochlear is considered

Back 27

Sp = special sensory

Front 28

is CN XI considered s or m? specific

Back 28

motor (branchial motor)

Front 29

is CN XII considered s or m? specific

Back 29

motor (somatic motor)

Front 30

somatic motor nerves are (in gerenal) the _________ of nerves.
(most complex or simplest)

Back 30

simplest

Front 31

The inferior division of the oculomotor nerve innervates?

Back 31

ipsilateral IR, MR, IO muscles

Front 32

CN III lesion effects?

Back 32

Down and out (strab)
Droopy lid (ptosis)
Dilated pupil (mydriasis)
Diplopia (double vision)

Front 33

trochlear nerve innervates the ________ SO muscle

Back 33

contralateral

Front 34

The hypoglossal nerve innervates __________.
(contra or ipsi)

Back 34

ipsilaterally

Front 35

What would happen in hypoglossal nerve lesion?

Back 35

tongue atrophy (unilateral)
tongue deviates toward weak side

Front 36

List the branchial motor nerves?

Back 36

V
VII
IX
X
XI

all innervate striated muscle of branchial arch origin

Front 37

The trigeminal motor nuc has innervation to?

Back 37

- muscles of mastication (Jaw)
* Jaw-jerk reflex *
- middle ear
(branchial motor division)

Front 38

What are the three divisions of sensory nuclei of CN V

Back 38

V1 = ophthalmic div
V2 = maxillary div
V3 = mandibular div

Front 39

MOTOR nuc of facial nerve innervates

Back 39

cornea (REFLEX)
middle ear

Front 40

Glossopharyngeal nerve innervates __________.

Back 40

motor innervation to muscles of tongue

Front 41

Laryngeal and Pharyngeal muscles as well as gag reflex are innervated by

Back 41

Vagus (CN X motor)

Front 42

Spinal accessory nerve innervation to

Back 42

muscles of shoulder an neck
(sternocleidomastoid and trapezius)

Front 43

viseral motor nerve X receives small amount of input from

Back 43

III
VII
IX

Front 44

Vagus nerve mostly supplies

Back 44

muscles of thorax, neck, abdomen (visceral)

Front 45

EW nuc innervates

Back 45

ipsilateral ciliary ganglion (controls sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle)

Front 46

Trigeminal nerve - SS roots?

Back 46

• mesencephalic
– midbrain to pons
• main sensory
– pons
• spinal
– pons to spinal cord

Front 47

Main sensory nuc of V innervation to

Back 47

1. touch and jaw position
– ventral trigeminothalamic tract (main)
• crossed
• join medial lemniscus
• terminate on VPM thalamus
2. inside of mouth information
– dorsal trigeminothalamic tract (minor)
• uncrossed
• to VPM (separate area than for ML

Front 48

spinal nuc of V innervation?

Back 48

crude touch, temperature, and pain (head and face)
• spinal trigeminal tract
– crossed
– joins spinothalamic tract
– terminates at VPL, VPM, other nuclei

Front 49

ehich three nerves are responsible for receiving sensory info from taste buds and viscera?

Back 49

VII
IX
X

Front 50

Name the three special sense nerves and their general roles

Back 50

I - olfactory (smell)
II - optic (vision)
VIII - vetibulocochlear (hearing and balance)