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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Typical Cell |
also called composite cell vary in size vary in structure and function
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Plasma Membrane |
separates cell from its surrounding environment phospholipid bilayer
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Cell Membrane |
fluid mosaic model chemical attractions hold molecules together phospholipid bilayer >naturally arrange in bilayers when in H2O cholesterol |
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Integral Membrane Proteins (IMP) |
different domains either surface or spanning functions: >transporters |
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Nucleus |
contains DNA double membrane
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Nuclear Envelope |
2 membranes enclose nucleoplasm contains pores >nuclear pore complexes (NPC)
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Chromatin |
DNA material in non dividing cells appears as thread |
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Chromosomes |
DNA material in dividing cells more tightly packed |
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Nucleolus |
contains RNA synthesizes rRNA and forms subunits size is relative |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum |
made up of membranes arranged parallel proteins move through the canals 2 types: rough and smooth |
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Rough ER |
extend from nuclear envelope ribosomes found on surface |
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Smooth ER |
more tubular no ribosomes functions >makes membrane for cells |
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Ribosomes |
attached to RER protein factories 2 subunits (big and small) |
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Golgi Apparatus |
separate stacked sacs (cisternae) processing and packaging of proteins |
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Lysosomes |
"digestive bags" & "cellular garbage disposals" size and shape changes with stage vesicles pinch off of |
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Proteasomes |
hollow cylindrical drum throughout cytoplasm breaks down proteins one at a time |
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Peroxisomes |
in cytoplasm of some cells detox of harmful substances enzyme containing vesicles |
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Mitochondria |
double membrane inner membrane = cristae "power house of cell" creates energy catalyzes series of redox reactions |
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Cytoskeleton |
internal supporting framework detects changes inside and outside the cell can move the cell or its parts |
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Cell Fibers |
-intricate arrangement -form a 3 dimensional, irregularly shaped lattice -appear to support ER, mitochondria, and free ribosomes |
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Microfilaments |
smallest cell fibers "cellular muscles" thin, twisted strands of protein molecules
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Intermediate Filaments |
slightly thicker form much of supporting frame "tendons" or "ligaments" of the cells |
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Microtubules |
tiny hollow tubes move things around the cell |
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Centrosome |
-area near nucleus -coordinates building and breaking apart of microtubules in cell -aso called microtubule organizing center -important during cell division -location of centrosome is identified by centrioles |
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Molecular Motors |
can pull larger structures along microtubules and microfilaments along providing intracellular transport and movements of the cell |
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Cell Extensions |
projection that extend the plasma membrane 3 types: microvilli, cilia, flagella |
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Cell Connections |
held together by fibrous nets or direct connections to each other
3 types: desmosomes, gap and tight junctions |
