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111 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Muscle on frontal bone
Frontalis (epicranius or frontal belly)
Muscle that orbits the eye, ring of muscle around the eye.
Orbicularis Oculi
Muscle that runs from the zygomatic bone down to the corner of the mouth, involved in smiling.
Zygomaticus
Muscle that runs horizontally through cheeck, pulls mouth back.
Risorius
Ring of muscle around mouth, the "kissing" muscle.
Orbicularis Oris
Muscle deep to risorius, used to make "fish" face.
Buccinator
A major chewing muscle, used to clench cheek.
Masseter
A major chewing muscle on the temporal bone.
Temporalis
Action of the masseter and temporalis.
Closes jaw.
Muscle that runs from sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process.
Sternocleidomastoid
Action of sternocleidomastoid
Flexes and laterally rotates the head.
Origin of sternocleidomastoid
Manubrium of the sternum and medial portion of the clavicle.
Insertion of sternocleidomastoid
Mastoid process of temporal bone.
3 triangular muscles deep to sternocleidomastoid.
Scalenes
posterior (back, middle, anterior (front)
Muscle deep to trapezius, strap of muscle on back of neck.
Splenius Capitis
Action of splenius capitis
Extend or hyperextend head.
Large, superficial, diamond shaped muscle on the back, "kite" shaped.
Trapezius
Broad, triangular, superficial, muscle of lower back (lumbar region).
Latissimus Dorsi
Muscle deep to trapezius, located on back and side of neck.
Levator Scapulae
Action of levator scapulae
Elevates the scapula.
Roughly diamond shaped muscle, deep to trapezius .
Rhomboideus Major
Smaller diamond shaped muscle, deep to trapezius and superior to rhomboideus major.
Rhomboideus Minor
Action of rhomboideus major and minor
Stabilize scapula.
3 cords of muscles running along spine.
Erector Spinae
Action of erector spinae
Prime mover of back extension, controls bending forward action and promotes return to erect position.
Largest, fan-shaped muscle in chest (pec).
Pectoralis Major
Serrated muscle on side of chest.
Serratus Anterior
Smaller fan-shaped muscle deep to pectoralis major.
Pectoralis Minor
Muscle between ribs, fibers point to belly button and inward, on side.
External Intercostals
Muscle between ribs, fibers point to hip and outward, near sternum.
Internal Intercostals
Medial, superficial muscle that extends from pubis to rib cage. The "6 pack".
Rectus Abdominis
Lateral superficial muscle on each side of rectus abdominis, fibers run down and in toward belly button.
External Obliques
Muscle deep to external obliques (the middle layer), point down and out toward hip.
Internal Obliques
Deepest (third) layer of abdominal muscles, runs like a belt or cumber bun, across abdomen.
Transversus Abdominis
(transverse- running straight across)
Action of all abdominal muscles
Support and protect abdominal viscera and promote lateral flexion and flexion of vertebral column.
Top shoulder muscle, triangular shaped.
Deltoid
Thick, rounded muscle located inferior to teres minor.
(armpit) big when arm is raised, small when arm is down by side.
Teres Major
Muscle above spine of scapula.
Supraspinatus
Supraspinatus:
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Initiates abduction.
-Supraspinous fossa of scapula.
-Superior part of greater tubercle of humerus.
Muscle below spine of scapula, resemble a fan.
Infraspinatus
Infraspinatus:
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Rotates humerus laterally.
-Infraspinous fossa of scapula.
-greater tubercle of humerus posterior to insertion of supraspinatus.
Muscle superior to teres major, deep to infraspinatus.
Teres Minor
Teres Minor:
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Rotates humerus laterally.
-Lateral border of dorsal scapular surface.
-Greater tubercle of humerus inferior to infraspinatus insertion.
Anterior face of scapula, up against rib cage.
Subscapularis
Subscapularis:
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Chief medial rotator of humerus.
-Subscapular fossa of scapula.
-Lesser tubercle of humerus.
Muscle with 3 heads in the brachial (arm) region, surrounding "horse shoe" on back of arm.
Triceps Brachii
Triceps Brachii
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Powerful forearm extensor.
-Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula.Medial head: posterior humeral shaft distal to radial groove. Lateral head: posterior shaft of humerus.
-By common tendon into olecranon process of ulna.
2 headed muscle on anterior humerus (show off muscle).
Biceps Brachii
Biceps Brachii
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Flexes elbow joint and supinates forearm.
-Short head: coracoid process. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle and lip of intertubercle sulcus of humerus.
-By common tendon into radial tuberosity.
Muscle deep to biceps brachii.
Brachialis
Action of brachialis
A major forearm flexor.
2 headed muscle in forearm.
Pronator Teres
Pronator Teres
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Pronates forearm.
-Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna.
-By common tendon into lateral radius, mid shaft.
Muscle that runs diagonally across forearm.
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Carpi Radialis
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Powerful flexor of wrist- abducts hand.
-Medial epicondyle of humerus.
-Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals- insertion tendon provides guide to position of radial artery at wrist (easily seen).
Small muscle with tendons that go into hand.
Palmaris Longus
Palmaris Longus
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Tenses skin and fascia of palm during hand movements.
-Medial epicondyle of humerus.
-Fascia of palm.
Outermost muscle on pinky side.
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
-Action
-Origin
-Insertion
-Powerful flexor of wrist- adducts hand.
-Medial epicondyle of humerus- olecranon process and posterior surface of ulna.
-Pisiform and hamate bones and base of 5th metacarpal.
Muscle deep to palmaris longus (2nd layer), flexes the digits.
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Action of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5.
Muscle that is partially covered by flexor digitorum superficialis, on thumb side.
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Covered completely by flexor digitorum superficialis on outside of arm (elbow side).
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Superficial muscle of lateral forearm, on thumb side of lower arm.
Brachioradialis
Action of Brachioradialis
Forearm flexion.
Parallels brachioradialis on lateral forearm, and blends with it.
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Extends wrist.
-Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus.
-Base of 2nd metacarpal.
Muscle that is shorter than extensor carpi radialis longus and lies deep to it.
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
(brevis = short)
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Extends and abducts wrist.
-lateral epicondyle of humerus.
-Base of 3rd metacarpal.
Muscle that lies medial to extensor carpi radialis brevis, tendon runs into hand.
Extensor Digitorum
Long, slender muscle, right beside (looks blended into) extensor digitorum.
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Digitorum
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Prime mover of finger extensions.
-Lateral epicondyle of humerus.
-By 4 tendons into extensor expansions and digital phalanges of fingers 2-5.
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Extends wrist- adducts wrist.
-Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna.
-Base of 5th metacarpal.
Deep muscle at posterior aspect of elbow, largely concealed by superficial muscles.
Supinator
Supinator
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Assists biceps branchii to forcibly supinate forearm.
-Lateral epicondyle of humerus, proximal ulna.
-Proximal end of radius.
Muscle just distal to supinator.
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Small muscle distal to abductor pollicis longus, on medial side of wrist.
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Muscle between thumb and index finger.
Thenar Eminence
Muscle on pinky side of hand.
Hypothenar Eminence
2 part muscle, most of it is located inside body cavity behind viscera and runs down femur.
Iliopsoas
Action of iliopsoas
Prime move for flexing thigh or flexing trunk on thigh.
Longest muscle in body, think strap of muscle that runs across the anterior surface of thigh to back of knee.
Sartorius
Sartorius
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee.
-Anterior superior iliac spine.
-Winds around medial aspect of knee and inserts into medial aspect of proximal tibia.
Big muscle that runs down front of femur.
Rectus Femoris
Rectus Femoris
Origin
Insertion
-Anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum.
-Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.
Muscle on lateral side of rectus femoris and femur.
Vastus Lateralis
Muscle on medial side of rectus femoris and femur.
Vastus Medialis
Action of quadriceps femoris group.
Powerful knee extensor used in climbing, jumping, running, and standing up.
Superficial strap-like muscle on medial thigh.
Gracilis
Deep, posterior muscle to gracilis, largest muscle of adductor group.
Adductor Magnus
(magnus = big)
Deep, anterior muscle to gracilis, superior to adductor magnus, easier to see.
Adductor Longus
Action of Adductor Group
Used in movements that press thighs together- important in pelvic tilting movements (walking).
Biggest muscle in buttocks.
Gluteus Maximus.
Action of gluteus maximus
Major extensor of thigh.
Fan shaped muscle deep to gluteus maximus.
Gluteus Medius
Most lateral muscle of hamstrings, two headed.
Biceps Femoris
Muscle that lies medial to biceps femoris.
Semitendinosus
Muscle deep to semitendinosus.
Semimembranosus
Action of Hamstring Group
If knee is extended- promotes hip extension.
If hip is extended- promotes knee flexion.
Superficial muscle of anterior leg, when toes are pointed upward, you can feel it.
Tibialis Anterior
Action of Tibialis Anterior
Prime mover of dorsiflexion.
Muscle lateral to tibialis anterior, runs down and tendons attach to toes.
Extensor Digitorum
Action of extensor digitorum
Prime mover of toe extention.
Superficial lateral muscle, overlies fibula.
Fibularis Longus
Small muscle, deep to fibularis longus.
Fibularis Brevis
Calf muscle, big "belly" muscle on back of leg.
Gastrocnemius
(gastro = belly)
Gastrocnemius
Action
Origin
Insertion
-Plantar flexes foot.
-By 2 heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur.
-Posterior calcaneous via calcaneal tendon.
Muscle just deep to gastronemius.
Soleus
Action of Soleus
Plantar flexes foot.
Deepest muscle in leg; long, narrow muscle runs medial to and partially overlies tibialis posterior.
Flexor Digitorum
Action of Flexor Digitorum
Plantar flexes and inverts foot.
Flexes toes.