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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)
Gland types
Merocrine ie
Apocrine ie
Holocrine ie
Sweat

Mammary

Sebaceous oily glands
Mammary glands are modified =
Modified sweat glands
Sebaceous Glands are
oily glands
Breasts enlarge due to
ovarian hormones
Milk production occurs by
prolactin
myoepithelial cells are stimulated by _________? which contract and cause milk let down.
Oxytocin
Breasts rest on =
2ct
2/3 rests on the pectoral fascia (fascia overlying the pectoralis major muscle);

1/3 rests on the fascia covering the serratus anterior muscle
axillary tail (of Spence);
discovered when it may enlarge during a menstrual cycle and may be mistaken for a “lump” or enlarged lymph nodes
retromammary space
allows the breast some degree of movement on the pectoral fascia
suspensory ligaments (of Cooper)
lobes separated by fibrous septa which help support the lobes of the gland
Blood Supply
Arteries
internal thoracic artery
thoracic aorta
axillary artery
Veins
Blood Supply
Arteries

internal thoracic artery
medial mammary branches of perforating branches and anterior intercostal branches
Blood Supply
Arteries

thoracic aorta
2nd, 3rd, and 4th posterior intercostal arteries
Blood Supply
Arteries

axillary artery
lateral thoracic artery and thoracoacromial artery
Blood Supply
Arteries

Veins describe route
correspond to arteries; venous drainage mainly to the axillary vein
Lymph Drainage

lateral quadrants –
anterior axillary or pectoral group of nodes ( -central axillary nodes - apical axillary nodes)
Lymph Drainage

medial quadrants
– internal thoracic (anterior mediastinal) group of nodes
Nerve Supply
– anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the 4th – 6th intercostal nerves  sensory fibers to the skin of the breast and sympathetic fibers to the blood vessels in the breast and smooth muscle in the overlying skin and nipple
gynecomastia - enlargement of the male breasts mainly due to
ductal proliferation and periductal edema
gynecomastia
- due to ductal proliferation and periductal edema
-occurs in normal adolescence commonly
-accompany aging
- drug related
- diethylstilbestrol treatment for prostate cancer
-change in the metabolism of sex hormones by the liver
(liver cirrhosis)
-may be genetic
– Klinefelter syndrome (XXY trisomy)
-ductal proliferation with periductal edema
polymastia
polythelia
(supernumerary breasts)
(supernumerary nipples)