Anatomy Lower Limbs

Front 1

ORIGIN
Splenius Capitis & Cervicis

Back 1

ligamentun nuchae, spinous processes of vertebre C7-T6 occipital bone (capitus), spinous processes of vertebrae T3-6

Front 2

INSERTION
Splenius Capitis & Cervicis

Back 2

Mastoid Process of temporal and occipital bone (capitus), transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae (cervicis)

Front 3

INNERVATION
Splenius Capitis & Cervicis

Back 3

Dorsal Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves

Front 4

ACTION
Splenius Capitis & Cervicis

Back 4

Extend, Laterally Rotate, Laterally Flex Head

Front 5

ORIGIN
Illiocostalis

Back 5

Illiac Crests (lumborum); inferior 6 ribs (thoracis), ribs 3 to 6 (cervicis)

Front 6

INSERTION
Illiocostalis

Back 6

Angles of Ribs (lumborum & thoracis), transverse processes of cervical vertebrae C6-C4 (cervicis)

Front 7

INNERVATION
Illiocostalis

Back 7

(Dorsal Rami) Spinal Nerves

Front 8

ACTION
Illiocostalis

Back 8

Extend Vertebral Column; Act on one side (Bend vertebral column to SAME SIDE)

Front 9

ORIGIN
Longissimus

Back 9

Transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

Front 10

INSERTION
Longissimus

Back 10

Transverse processes of thoracic through cervical vertebrae and to ribs superior to origin.

Front 11

INNERVATION
Longissimus

Back 11

(Dorsal Rami) spinal nerves

Front 12

ACTION
Longissimus

Back 12

Thoracics and cervices act together to extend vertebral column; acting on one side, bend laterally. Capitus extends head, and turns face toward same side.

Front 13

ORIGIN
Spinalis

Back 13

Spines of lumbar and thoracic lower vertebrae

Front 14

INSERTION
Spinalis

Back 14

Spines of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae

Front 15

INNERVATION
Spinalis

Back 15

(Dorsal Rami) Spinal Nerves

Front 16

ACTION
Spinalis

Back 16

Extends Vertebral Column

Front 17

ORIGIN
Semispinalis

Back 17

Transverse processes of C7-C12

Front 18

INSERTION
Semispinalis

Back 18

Occipital bone (capitis); spinous processes of cervical (cervicis) and thoracic vertebrae T1-T4 (thoracis); (~6 Vertebrae above)

Front 19

INNERVATION
Semispinalis

Back 19

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

Front 20

ACTION
Semispinalis

Back 20

Bilaterally extends head and spine; unilaterally rotates head and neck to opposite side

Front 21

ORIGIN
Multifidus

Back 21

Posterior sacrum, L1-5 mamillary processes, T1-12 transverse processes, C4-7 articular processes

Front 22

INSERTION
Multifidus

Back 22

Spinous processes (~4 Vertebre above)

Front 23

INNERVATION
Multifidus

Back 23

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

Front 24

ACTION
Multifidus

Back 24

Bilaterally extends spine; unilaterally rotates spine to opposite side

Front 25

ORIGIN
Rotatores

Back 25

Transverse processes

Front 26

INSERTION
Rotatores

Back 26

spinous processes (1-2 vertebrae above)

Front 27

INNERVATION
Rotatores

Back 27

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

Front 28

ACTION
Rotatores

Back 28

Bilaterally extends spine; unilaterally rotates spine to opposite side

Front 29

ORIGIN
Quadratus Lumborum

Back 29

Illiac Crest and Iliolumbar fascia

Front 30

INSERTION
Quadratus Lumborum

Back 30

Transverse Processes of upper Lumbar vertebrae and Lower Margin of 12th rib

Front 31

INNERVATION
Quadratus Lumborum

Back 31

T12 and upper lumbar Spinal Nerves (Ventral Rami)

Front 32

ACTION
Quadratus Lumborum

Back 32

Bilaterally extend spine and fix 12th rib, unilaterally flexes trunk to same side

Front 33

ORIGIN
Rectus Abdominis

Back 33

Pubic crest and symphysis

Front 34

INSERTION
Rectus Abdominis

Back 34

Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

Front 35

INNERVATION
Rectus Abdominis

Back 35

Intercostal Nerves

Front 36

ACTION
Rectus Abdominis

Back 36

Flexes lumbar region of vertebral column; compresses abdomen

Front 37

ORIGIN
External Oblique

Back 37

Lower 8 ribs

Front 38

INSERTION
External Oblique

Back 38

Into Linea Alba

Front 39

INNERVATION
External Oblique

Back 39

Intercostal Nerves

Front 40

ACTION
External Oblique

Back 40

Aids Rectus Abdominus in flexing and rotating spine and compressing abdomen

Front 41

ORIGIN
Internal Oblique

Back 41

Lumbodorsal fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament

Front 42

INSERTION
Internal Oblique

Back 42

Linea Alba, public crest, last 3 ribs

Front 43

INNERVATION
Internal Oblique

Back 43

Intercostal Nerves

Front 44

ACTION
Internal Oblique

Back 44

Flexes and rotates spine, compresses abdomen

Front 45

ORIGIN
Transverse Abdominal

Back 45

Inguinal Ligament, lumbodorsal fascia, cartilages of last 6 ribs, illiac crest

Front 46

INSERTION
Transverse Abdominal

Back 46

Linea alba, public crest

Front 47

INNERVATION
Transverse Abdominal

Back 47

Intercostal nerves

Front 48

ACTION
Transverse Abdominal

Back 48

Compresses abdomen

Front 49

ORIGIN
Iliacus

Back 49

Illiac Fossa

Front 50

INSERTION
Iliacus

Back 50

Lesser Trochanter of femur via iliopsoas tendon

Front 51

INNERVATION
Iliacus

Back 51

Femoral Nerve

Front 52

ACTION
Iliacus

Back 52

Hip Flexion (thigh flexion), trunk flexion

Front 53

ORIGIN
Psoas Major

Back 53

Transverse processes, bodies and discs of lumbar vertebrae and T12-L5

Front 54

INSERTION
Psoas Major

Back 54

Lesser trochanter of femur via iliopsoas tendon

Front 55

INNERVATION
Psoas Major

Back 55

Ventral Rami L1-L3

Front 56

ACTION
Psoas Major

Back 56

Flexes the Thigh

Front 57

ORIGIN
Sartorius

Back 57

Anterior Superior Illiac Spine

Front 58

INSERTION
Sartorius

Back 58

Upper Medial Tibia

Front 59

INNERVATION
Sartorius

Back 59

Femoral Nerve

Front 60

ACTION
Sartorius

Back 60

Flexes and Laterally Rotates thigh; Flexes Leg

Front 61

ORIGIN
Rectus Femoris

Back 61

Anterior inferior illiac spine, rim of acetabulum

Front 62

INSERTION
Rectus Femoris

Back 62

Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 63

INNERVATION
Rectus Femoris

Back 63

Femoral Nerve

Front 64

ACTION
Rectus Femoris

Back 64

Extends Knee and flexes thigh at Hip

Front 65

ORIGIN
Vastus Lateralis

Back 65

Greater Trochanter, intertrochanteric line, lina aspera

Front 66

INSERTION
Vastus Lateralis

Back 66

Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 67

INNERVATION
Vastus Lateralis

Back 67

Femoral Nerve

Front 68

ACTION
Vastus Lateralis

Back 68

Extends Knee

Front 69

ORIGIN
Vastus Medialis

Back 69

Linea aspera, intertrochanteric line

Front 70

INSERTION
Vastus Medialis

Back 70

Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 71

INNERVATION
Vastus Medialis

Back 71

Femoral Nerve

Front 72

ACTION
Vastus Medialis

Back 72

Extends Knee

Front 73

ORIGIN
Vastus Intermedius

Back 73

Anterior and lateral surfaces of proximal Femur shaft

Front 74

INSERTION
Vastus Intermedius

Back 74

Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 75

INNERVATION
Vastus Intermedius

Back 75

Femoral Nerve

Front 76

ACTION
Vastus Intermedius

Back 76

Extends Knee

Front 77

ORIGIN
Tensor Fascia Lata

Back 77

Anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine

Front 78

INSERTION
Tensor Fascia Lata

Back 78

Illiotibial band

Front 79

INNERVATION
Tensor Fascia Lata

Back 79

Superior Gluteal Nerve

Front 80

ACTION
Tensor Fascia Lata

Back 80

Flexes and ABducts thigh
Rotates thigh medially
steadies trunk by making illiotibial Tract taut

Front 81

ORIGIN
Adductor Magnus

Back 81

Iscial and Public Rami and ishial tuberosity

Front 82

INSERTION
Adductor Magnus

Back 82

Linea Aspera and adductor tubercle of femur

Front 83

INNERVATION
Adductor Magnus

Back 83

Obtuberator and sciatic (Tibial Portion) Nerves

Front 84

ACTION
Adductor Magnus

Back 84

Adduction and medial rotation of thigh; active in gait posture; extends thigh

Front 85

ORIGIN
Adductor Longus

Back 85

Publis near public symphysis

Front 86

INSERTION
Adductor Longus

Back 86

Linea Aspera

Front 87

INNERVATION
Adductor Longus

Back 87

Obtuberator Nerve

Front 88

ACTION
Adductor Longus

Back 88

Adducts, Medially Rotates and Flexes thigh

Front 89

ORIGIN
Adductor Brevis

Back 89

Body and Inferior Ramus of pubis

Front 90

INSERTION
Adductor Brevis

Back 90

Linea Aspera above adductor longus

Front 91

INNERVATION
Adductor Brevis

Back 91

Obturator Nerve

Front 92

ACTION
Adductor Brevis

Back 92

Adducts, Medially Rotates, and Flexes Thigh

Front 93

ORIGIN
Pectineus

Back 93

Pectineal Line of pubis (and superior ramus)

Front 94

INSERTION
Pectineus

Back 94

Inferior on the lesser trochanter, the pectineal line

Front 95

INNERVATION
Pectineus

Back 95

Femoral

Front 96

ACTION
Pectineus

Back 96

Adducts and Flexes thigh

Front 97

ORIGIN
Gracilis

Back 97

Inferior Ramus and Body of Pubis

Front 98

INSERTION
Gracilis

Back 98

Upper Medial Surface of Tibia

Front 99

INNERVATION
Gracilis

Back 99

Obturator Nerve

Front 100

ACTION
Gracilis

Back 100

Adducts thigh, flexes leg

Front 101

ORIGIN
Gluteus Maximus

Back 101

Dorsal Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament

Front 102

INSERTION
Gluteus Maximus

Back 102

Gluteal Tuberosity of femur; illiotibial tract

Front 103

INNERVATION
Gluteus Maximus

Back 103

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Front 104

ACTION
Gluteus Maximus

Back 104

Major Extensor, lateral rotator of thigh

Front 105

ORIGIN
Gluteus Medius

Back 105

Between anterior and posterior gluteal Lines

Front 106

INSERTION
Gluteus Medius

Back 106

Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur

Front 107

INNERVATION
Gluteus Medius

Back 107

Superior Gluteal Nerve

Front 108

ACTION
Gluteus Medius

Back 108

Anterior Fibers Abduct and medially rotate thigh; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate thigh; important in mechanism of walking