Anatomy Lesson 1- Lab

Front 1

The study of large (gross) structures that can be seen with the naked eye

Back 1

Gross Anatomy

Front 2

Microscopic study of cells and tissues

Back 2

Histology

Front 3

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and that function together

Back 3

Tissue

Front 4

Forms the linings and coverings of free surfaces of the body

Back 4

Epithelial Tissue

Front 5

supportive and binding tissue found throughout the body ex: bone, tendons, cartilage

Back 5

connective tissue

Front 6

contractile tissue for movement

Back 6

muscle tissue

Front 7

communication cells capable of sending impulses

Back 7

nerve tissue

Front 8

groups of tissues that work together to perform a common function

Back 8

organ

Front 9

a group of organs working together to perform a common function

Back 9

system

Front 10

study of the structure of the nervous system

Back 10

neuroanatomy

Front 11

study of the developing organism from time of fertilization to birth

Back 11

embryology

Front 12

the three layers of embryonic tissue from which all body tissues are derived

Back 12

germ cell layers

Front 13

innermost of three germ cell layers. it will form most of the linings of tubular structures of the body

Back 13

endoderm

Front 14

outer germ cell layer. derivatives: skin and the nervous system

Back 14

ectoderm

Front 15

layer between the endoderm and the ectoderm. derivatives: muscles and connective tissue

Back 15

mesoderm

Front 16

compact layers of connective tissue that form a fibrous membrane. it invests the whole body, supporting and separating muscles and organs

Back 16

fascia

Front 17

the protein that makes up the fibers in connective tissue structures

Back 17

collagen

Front 18

thickened connective tissue that holds muscle to bone

Back 18

tendons

Front 19

a broad, flat tendon

Back 19

aponeurosis

Front 20

all the structures in an area are studied together, ex: lower extremity includes bones, muscles, nerves and vessels

Back 20

regional study

Front 21

studying a complete system independent of region, ex: learning all the bones of the body

Back 21

systematic (systemic) study

Front 22

the body is standing erect, face toward observer, with feet together and parallel, the arms at the sides and palms directed forward

Back 22

anatomical position

Front 23

refers to the front surface of the body

Back 23

anterior (ventral)

Front 24

refers to the back surface of the body

Back 24

posterior (dorsal)

Front 25

nearer the head end (vertically)

Back 25

superior (cranial)

Front 26

farther from the head end (vertically)

Back 26

inferior (caudal)

Front 27

nearer the surface

Back 27

superficial (external)

Front 28

farther from the surface

Back 28

deep (internal)

Front 29

nearer the mid-plane of the body

Back 29

medial

Front 30

farther from the mid-plane of the body

Back 30

lateral

Front 31

nearest the point of origin. if used with extremities, closer to the attachment. if used with an organ, closer to the organ

Back 31

proximal

Front 32

farthest from the point of origin

Back 32

distal

Front 33

mature bone cells

Back 33

osteocytes

Front 34

cells that tear down bone

Back 34

osteoclasts

Front 35

build new bone

Back 35

osteoblasts

Front 36

shaft

Back 36

diaphysis

Front 37

found at both proximal and distal ends of long bones

Back 37

epiphysis

Front 38

where the epiphysis and the diaphysis fuse after the cartilaginous epiphyseal plate is no longer needed to increase bone length

Back 38

epiphyseal line

Front 39

contains red bone marrow in the proximal epiphysis; the blood cell producing red marrow is also found in spongy bone of flat bones

Back 39

spongy (cancellous) bone (also in distal epiphysis)

Front 40

the external coat of solid bone

Back 40

compact bone

Front 41

fascial covering found on all bones

Back 41

perioseum

Front 42

mostly fat. (sometimes seen in the medullary cavity, a space lined with endosteum; some osteoclasts are found here)

Back 42

yellow marrow

Front 43

entering nutrient foramen

Back 43

nutrient artery

Front 44

the structural unit of most compact bone

Back 44

the osteon (Haversian system)

Front 45

for passage of blood vessel

Back 45

Haversian canal

Front 46

concentric layers of bony tissue

Back 46

lamellae

Front 47

spaces containing osteocytes

Back 47

lacunae

Front 48

mature bone cells

Back 48

osteocytes

Front 49

connections between lacunae

Back 49

canaliculi

Front 50

a roughened bony prominence usually serving as the site of attachment for muscles or connective tissue structures

Back 50

process

Front 51

relatively large, blunt type of process found only on the femur

Back 51

trochanter

Front 52

a large, blunt or rounded process

Back 52

tuberosity

Front 53

a small, blunt or rounded process

Back 53

tubercle

Front 54

a pointed projection of bone

Back 54

spine

Front 55

a prominent border that may be rough

Back 55

crest

Front 56

a saucer-like depression

Back 56

fossa

Front 57

a hole in a bone: size is extremely variable

Back 57

foramen

Front 58

a rounded articular surface jointed to the shaft of the bone by a constriction, the neck

Back 58

head

Front 59

a smooth structure, either concave or convex, joined directly to the shaft of a long bone

Back 59

condyle

Front 60

a smooth surface for articulation

Back 60

facet

Front 61

the attachment of the lower limb with the axial skeleton

Back 61

sacroiliac joint

Front 62

interior to the pelvic brim, the true pelvis is located between the pelvic bones. the false pelvis is the space above the pelvic brim and between the iliac bones

Back 62

pelvic brim

Front 63

arm or branch

Back 63

ramus