Anatomy Lecture 8 & 9

Front 1

name the 4 ankle joints

Back 1

tibia/fibula
talus-tibia/fibula
subtalar
transverse tarsal

Front 2

what kind of joint is the tibia/fibula?

Back 2

slightly movable with an interosseous membrane

Front 3

what kind of joint is the talus-tibia/fibula?

Back 3

synovial hinge joint.
permits dorsi flexion (toes up) and plantar flexion.

Front 4

what is and kind of joint is the subtalar?

Back 4

Calcaneous/talus.
synovial joint that allows inversion and eversion.

Front 5

what is the transverse tarsal joint and what does it do?

Back 5

calcaneous/cuboid and talus/navicular.
greatest area of movement for inversion and eversion.
common place for foot amputation.

Front 6

what are the 2 ankle ligaments?

Back 6

Medial collateral
Lateral collateral

Front 7

attachments of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle and what does it do:

Back 7

Tibia to the talus, navicular, and calcaneous.
limits eversion (soul out).
Strong ligament, will tear of end of tibia (avulsion)

Front 8

attachments of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle and what does it do:

Back 8

fibula to the calcaneous and talus.
limits inversion (sole in)

Front 9

retinacula

Back 9

wrappings of connectie tissue that hold tendons in place.
very tough deep fascia surrounding these muscles/

Front 10

deep fascia compartmentalizes the leg into:

Back 10

anterior, posterior and lateral compartments

Front 11

anterior compartment leg muscles innervation, action, and where they run:

Back 11

inn: deep peroneal
action: dorsi flexors
tibialus anterior (1st metatarsal)
extensor hallucis longus (digit 1)
extensor digiturom longus (digits 2-5)
peroneus tertias (5th metatarsal)

Front 12

lateral compartment leg muscles innervation, action, and where they run:

Back 12

inn: superficial peroneal
action: eversion, plantar flexion.
Peroneus longus (1st metatarsal)
Peroneus brevis (5th metatarsal)
both run under the lateral malleous and can be planar flexors.

Front 13

posterior compartment leg muscles, innervation, action, and where they run:

Back 13

inn: tibial nerve
action: plantar flexors
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
both are slow twitch muscles and attach to the calcaneal tendon.

Front 14

deep posterior compartment leg muscles, innervation, action, and where they run:

Back 14

inn: tibial nerve.
flexor hallucis longus (flexes big toe when walking).
flexor digitorum longus.
tibialus posterior.
these run under the medial malleous

Front 15

the foot is designed to:

Back 15

support bipedal posture
distribute weight.
locomotion

Front 16

what are the 2 arches

Back 16

Longitudinal arch and transverse arch

Front 17

the "keystone" of the arch is the

Back 17

talus

Front 18

weight on the talus is transfered to:

Back 18

the calcaneous (heel) and to the metatarsals/phalanges joint.

Front 19

4 ligaments to maintain the arch

Back 19

plantar-calcaneal-navicular lig
short plantar lig
long plantar lig
Plantar Aponerosis

Front 20

plantar-calcaneal-navicular ligament (spring ligament) runs from:

Back 20

calcaneous to navicular (under foot)

Front 21

Short plantar runs from

Back 21

calcaneous to cuboid
(under foot)

Front 22

Long plantar runs from

Back 22

calcaneous to metatarsals. lies superficial to the short plantar ligament. (under foot)

Front 23

plantar aponerosis...

Back 23

calcaneous to MP joint.
its a connective tissue, not ligament.lies in deep fascia.
helps maintain arch.
tightens when toes extend for push off.

Front 24

Dorsal foot muscles:
extensor hallucis brevis
extensor digitorum brevis

Back 24

inn: deep peronela nerve.
hallucis goes to digit 1
digitorum goes to digits 2-5

Front 25

Plantar muscles have _____ compartments and are innervated by:

Back 25

medial compartment
central compartment (4 layers)
lateral compartment
inn: tibial nerve which splits into lateral and medial plantar nerves.

Front 26

medial compartment plantar muscles go to:

Back 26

digit 1

Front 27

central compartment muscles go to:

Back 27

digits 2-4

Front 28

lateral compartment muscles go to

Back 28

digit 5

Front 29

layer 1 muscles of central compartment of the foot

Back 29

flexor digitorum brevis
abductor hallucis
abductor digiti minimi

Front 30

layer 2 muscles of central compartment of the foot

Back 30

flexor digitorum longus
quadratus plantae
lumbricals

Front 31

layer 3 muscles of central compartment of the foot

Back 31

adductor hallucis
flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digiti minimi

Front 32

layer 4 muscles of central compartment of the foot

Back 32

interossei