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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what do sympathetics do to hair follicles (arrector pili muscles), peripheral blood vessels, and sweat glands?
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- contracts arrector pili muscles
- vasoconstricts - activates sweat glands |
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where do oculomotor parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies live?
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- edinger-westphal nucleus
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where do facial nerve parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies live?
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- superior salivary nucleus (for nervus intermedius)
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where do glossopharyngeal parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies live?
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- inferior salivatory nucleus
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where do dorsal vagal parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies live?
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- vagus
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how do the parasympathetics for the oculomotor nerve travel?
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- edinger-westphal nucleus --> inferior division of oculomotor --> ciliary ganglion --> short ciliary nerves --> sphincter (constrictor) pupillae & ciliary muscle
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how can the sympathetics travel to the eye? what are their targets?
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- I: jump off internal carotid --> SOF --> go through ciliary ganglion as sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion
- II: hop onto opthalmic division of V1 --> nasociliary nerve --> long ciliary nerves - targets: dilator pupillae & superior tarsal muscle - don't synapse anywhere because synapsed at the superior cervical ganglion |
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how does the ciliary muscle work?
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- in the absence of parasympathetic stimulation - ciliary muscle relaxed, zonular fibers under tension, lens stretched thin to refract light
- parasympathetic stimulation: causes ciliary muscles to contract, zonular fibers relax, lens becomes more spherical to refract light for nearer vision |
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what happens to the eye if you interrupt the sympathetic innervation?
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- ptosis & constriction of pupil
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where does the greater petrosal nerve exit the IAM? how does it travel after that?
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- at the hiatus of great petrosal nerve (facial hiatus) --> goes in groove for greater petrosal nerve towards foramen lacerum --> goes through pterygoid (vidian) canal
- before goes through vidian canal meets up with sympathetics (deep petrosal nerve) --> vidian nerve - synapses at pterygopalatine ganglia (hanging off of V2) |
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how do the post ganglionic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve travel?
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- fibers travel with zygomatic nerve --> zygomaticotemporal branch
- travel along communicating branch to lacrimal nerve - also follow along V2 to supply mucosal glands of hard & soft palate & nasal cavity |
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how does the chorda tympani travel?
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- goes through middle ear between incus & malleus --> comes out petrotympanic fissure
- joins the lingual nerve --> ant. 2/3 of tongue & submandibular ganglion for submandibular & sublingual glands |
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what do sympathetics to the salivary glands do?
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- vasoconstricts but never fully turns them off
- makes saliva production slower & thicker |
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how do the parasympathetics from IX travel?
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- exit jugular foramen as tymapnic nerve --> back in through tympanic cannaliculus into middle ear --> become the lesser petrosal nerve
- goes through groove for lesser petrosal --> foramen oval --> synapses at otic ganglion --> join auriculotermporal nerve |
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where is the otic ganglion?
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- hanging off of the mandibular division is otic ganglion
- hanging off of the medial side of V3 |
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what is horner syndrome?
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- interruption of sympathetic pathway
- results in ipsilateral constriction of the pupil (miosis), drooping of eyelid (ptosis), absence of sweating (anhydrosis), redness & increased temperature of skin (vasodilation) |
