Anatomy Iii

Front 1

The ____ is a strand of fibrous tissue that provides longitudinal support as a component of the coccygeal ligament

Back 1

filum terminale

Front 2

Axons crossing form one side of the spinal cord to the other within the gray matter are found in the

Back 2

gray commissures

Front 3

The paired structures that contain cell bodies of sensory neurons and are associated with each segment of the spinal cord are the

Back 3

dorsal root ganglion

Front 4

The deep crease on the ventral surface of the spinal cord is the

Back 4

anterior median fissure

Front 5

Sensory and motor innervations of the skin of the lateral and ventral surfaces of the body are provided by the

Back 5

ventral ramus

Front 6

The brachial plexus

Back 6

all of the above

Front 7

The middle layer of connective tissue that surrounds each peripheral nerve is the

Back 7

perineurium

Front 8

The expanded area of the spinal cord that supplies nerves to the pectoral girdle and upper limbs is the

Back 8

cervical enlargement

Front 9

Spinal nerves are called mixed nerves because

Back 9

they contain sensory and motor fibers

Front 10

The gray matter of the spinal cord is dominated by

Back 10

cell bodies of neurons and glial cells

Front 11

What nerve is likely to transmit pain when a person recieves an intramuscular injection into the deltoid region of the arm?

Back 11

upper lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm

Front 12

Which of the following actions would be compromised if a person suffered an injury to lumbar spinal segments L3 and L4?

Back 12

all of the above

Front 13

Tingling and numbness in the palmar region of the hand could be caused by

Back 13

compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel

Front 14

In contrast with those of the brain, responses of the spinal reflexes

Back 14

are immediate

Front 15

The primary link between the nervous and the endocrine systems is the

Back 15

hypothalamus

Front 16

Cranial blood vessels pass through the space directly deep to the

Back 16

arachnoid mater

Front 17

The only cranial nerves that are attached to the cerebrum are the

Back 17

olfactory

Front 18

The anterior nuclei of the thalamus

Back 18

are apart of the limbic system

Front 19

The cortex inferior to the lateral sulcus is the

Back 19

temporal lobe

Front 20

Lying within each hemisphere inferior to the floor of the lateral ventricles is/are the

Back 20

basal nuclei

Front 21

Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the

Back 21

cerebral peduncles

Front 22

Efferent tracts from the hypothalamus

Back 22

do all of the above

Front 23

The diencephalon components of the limbic system include the

Back 23

thalamus and hypothalamus

Front 24

Swelling of the jugular vein as it leaves of the skull could compress which of teh following cranial nerves?

Back 24

IX, X, XI

Front 25

The condition of dysmetria often indicates damage to which brain region?

Back 25

cerebellum

Front 26

If damaged or diseased, which part of the brain would make a person unable to control and regulate the rate of respiratory movements?

Back 26

the respiratory rhythmicity center of the medulla

Front 27

Visceral motor neurons in the CNS

Back 27

send axons to synapse on peripherally located ganglionic neurons

Front 28

Splanchnic nerves

Back 28

include preganglionic fibers that go to collateral ganglia

Front 29

Which of the following ganglia belong to the sympathetic division of the ANS?

Back 29

paravertebral ganglion

Front 30

Preganglionic fibers of the ANS sympathetic division originate in the

Back 30

thoracolumbar spinal cord

Front 31

The neurotransmitter at all synapses and neuroeffector junctions in the parasympathetic division of the ANS is

Back 31

acetylcholine

Front 32

The large cells in the suprarenal medulla, which resemble neurons in sympathetic ganglia

Back 32

release epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood capillaries

Front 33

Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are characterized as

Back 33

being short in length and myelinated

Front 34

All preganlionic autonomic fibers release ____ at their synaptic terminals, and the effects are always ____

Back 34

acetylcholine; excitatory

Front 35

Postganglionic fibers of autonomic neurons are usually

Back 35

unmyelinated

Front 36

The white ramus communcans

Back 36

carries the preganglionic fibers into a nearby sympathetic chain ganglion

Front 37

Cutting the ventral root of the spinal nerve at L2 would interrrupt the transmission of what type of information

Back 37

a and b are correct

Front 38

Damage to the ventral roots of the first five thoracic spinal nerves on the right side of the body would interfere with the ability to

Back 38

dilate the right pupil

Front 39

What anatomical mechanism is involved in causing a person to blush?

Back 39

sympathetic stimulation relaxes vessel walls, increasing blood flow to the skin

Front 40

The anterior, transparent part of the fibrous tunic is know as the

Back 40

cornea

Front 41

A receptor that is especially common in the superficial layers of teh skin, and which responds to pain is a

Back 41

nociceptor

Front 42

Fine touch and pressure receptors provide detailed information about

Back 42

all of the above are correct

Front 43

Receptors in the saccule and utrile provide sensations of

Back 43

balance and equilibrium

Front 44

Deep to the subcutaneous layer, the eylids are supported by broad sheets of connective tissues, collectively termed the

Back 44

tarsal plate

Front 45

The neural tunic

Back 45

contains the photoreceptors

Front 46

The semicircular canals include which of the following?

Back 46

anterior, posterior, and lateral

Front 47

Mechanoreceptors that detect pressure changes in the walls of blood vessels as well as in portions of the digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts are

Back 47

baroreceptors

Front 48

Pupillary muscle groups are controlled by the ANS. Parasympathetic activation causes pupillary ________, and sympathetic activation causes ________.

Back 48

constriction; dilation

Front 49

Auditory information about the region and intensity of stimulation is relayed to the CNS over the cochlear branch of cranial nerve

Back 49

VIII

Front 50

Why is a more severe burn less painful initially than is a less serious burn of the skin?

Back 50

the skin's nociceptors are burned away and cannot transmit pain sensations to the CNS

Front 51

How do the tensor tympani and stapedius muscles affect the functions of the ear?

Back 51

they dampen excessively loud sounds that could harm sensitive hair cells

Front 52

A person salivates when anticipating eating a tasty confection. Would this physical response enhance taste or olfaction? If so, why?

Back 52

additional moisture would enhance the ability of molecules to be dissolved and to enter the taste pores more readily and thus enhance taste; similar changes would enhance olfaction

Front 53

The hormone that targets the thyroid gland and triggers the release of thyroid hormone is

Back 53

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Front 54

When a catecholamine or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell,

Back 54

a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm

Front 55

Blood vessels that supply or drain the thyroid gland include which of the following?

Back 55

all of the above are correct

Front 56

How does aging affect the function of the endocrine system?

Back 56

hormone production by the thyroid gland suffers the greatest decline with age

Front 57

Endocrine organs can be controlled by

Back 57

all of the above are correct

Front 58

When blood glucose levels fall,

Back 58

glucagon is released

Front 59

Hormones released by the kidneys include

Back 59

calcitriol and erythropoietin

Front 60

The element required for normal thyroid function is

Back 60

iodine

Front 61

A structure known as the corpus luteum secretes

Back 61

progesterone

Front 62

Exophthalmos is a major symptom of

Back 62

Graves’ disease

Front 63

If a person has too few or defective lymphocytes, which gland might be at fault?

Back 63

thymus