Anatomy Ii

Front 1

What are the two major bones that make up the skull?

Back 1

Neurocranium and facial skeleton

Front 2

What is the neurocranium and what does it contain?

Back 2

Neurocranium- brain case
Contains: blood vessels, cranial nerves, meninges, brain

Front 3

What are the names of the roof and the floor of the neurocranium?

Back 3

Roof: Calvaria
Floor: Cranial base

Front 4

What bones make up the cranial base of the neurocranium?

Back 4

ethomoid, occipital, and temporal bones

Front 5

What are the 8 bones that form the neurocranium?

Back 5

frontal, temporal (2), parietal (2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

Front 6

What are the 14 bones that make up the facial skeleton?

Back 6

lacrimal (2), nasal (2), maxillae (2), zygomatic (2), palatine (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), *mandible (1), vomer (1)

Front 7

What are the 6 bones that make up the orbits (RIM and INSIDE)?

Back 7

RIM: frontal, maxilla, zygomatic
INSIDE: lacrimal, sphenoid, ethmoid

Front 8

Name the three sutures of the skull

Back 8

coronal
sagittal
lambdoid

Front 9

What does the coronal suture connect?

Back 9

Coronal suture connects frontal bone with 2 parietal bones

Front 10

What does the sagittal suture connect?

Back 10

Sagittal suture connects the 2 parietal bones

Front 11

What does the lambdoid suture connect?

Back 11

Lambdoid suture connects parietal and occipital bone

Front 12

What are the 5 features of the temporal bone?

Back 12

1. external auditory meatus
2. internal auditory meatus
3. mastoid process
4. styloid process
5. zygomatic process

Front 13

What is directly posterior to the external auditory meatus of the temporal bone?

Back 13

Mastoid process is directly posterior to the EAM

Front 14

What are the 2 processes that form the zygomatic arch?

Back 14

1. Zygomatic process of the temporal bone
2. Temporal process of the zygomatic bone

Front 15

What are the 2 structures located inside the zygomatic arch?

Back 15

1. greater win of the sphenoid bone
2. pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

Front 16

What are the 4 important features of the Ethmoid bone?

Back 16

1. orbital plate
2. perpendicular plate
3. cribiform plate
4. crista galli

Front 17

What are the 4 muscles that insert on the Superior Nuchal Line?

Back 17

1. trapezius
2. splenius
3. semispinalis capitis
4. longissimus capitis

Front 18

What are the 3 muscles that insert on the Inferior Nuchal Line?

Back 18

1. superior obliques
2. rectus capitus posterior major
3. rectus capitus posterior minor

Front 19

Where are the superior and inferior nuchal lines located?

Back 19

external occipital protuberance (back of skull)

Front 20

What is the strongest bone in the body?

Back 20

mandible

Front 21

What are the 2 parts of the mandible and where are they located? (front or back?)

Back 21

1. ramus: upright part in the back
2. body: horizontal part in the front

Front 22

What are the 2 parts of the ramus?

Back 22

1. coronoid process anterior
2. condylar process posterior
condylar process has head and
neck

Front 23

Where is the pterygoid fossa located?

Back 23

anterior to the neck of the condylar process of the mandible

Front 24

Where is the mandibular notch located?

Back 24

between the condylar process (back) and the coronoid process (front)

Front 25

What is the angle of the mandible?

Back 25

Where the ramus and body come together

Front 26

What are the anterior structures of the mandible?

Back 26

mental protuberance
mental tubercle
oblique line

Front 27

What is the function of the oblique line?

Back 27

separates the body from the alveolar (teeth) portion of the mandible

Front 28

What is the main artery that supplies blood to the face?

Back 28

common carotid artery (CCA)

Front 29

The common carotid artery splits at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage to become what two branches?

Back 29

1. internal carotid artery
2. external carotid artery

Front 30

What does the external carotid artery supply?

Back 30

supplies blood to the face via facial and temporal arteries
supplies the entire face except for the glabella

Front 31

What structures does the internal carotid artery supply with blood?

Back 31

1. glabella
2. brain (forms part of the Circle of Willis)

Front 32

What is CN V (5) and what is its function?

Back 32

Trigeminal N.
sensation to the entire face
innervates muscles of mastication (chewing)

Front 33

What is CN VII (7) and what is its function?

Back 33

Facial N (CN 7)
innervates muscles of facial expression

Front 34

Frontalis
Function

Back 34

raises eyebrows

Front 35

Corrugator
Function

Back 35

knits eyebrows together

Front 36

Procerus
Function

Back 36

wrinkles nose

Front 37

Orbicularis oris
Function

Back 37

closes mouth
(gravity opens the mouth)

Front 38

Zygomaticus
Function

Back 38

raises corners of mouth superior lateral (real smile)

Front 39

Dilator nares
Function

Back 39

opens the nostrils

Front 40

Compressor nares
Function

Back 40

closes nostrils

Front 41

Risorius
Function

Back 41

fake smile

Front 42

Levator labii superioris
Function

Back 42

raises upper lip

Front 43

Levator anguli oris
Function

Back 43

raises corner of mouth

Front 44

Depressor anguli oris
Function

Back 44

depresses corner of mouth

Front 45

Depressor labii inferioris
Function

Back 45

depresses lower lip

Front 46

Buccinator
Function

Back 46

compresses the cheeks

Front 47

What is dysphasia and what muscle is involved?

Back 47

dysphasia occurs after stroke
patients lose the ability to push food back into the oral cavity--> can lead to choking
Buccinator muscle is affected

Front 48

Orbicularis oculi
Function

Back 48

closes the eye

Front 49

Levator palpebrae superioris
Function

Back 49

elevates the eyelids

Front 50

What is the only facial muscle not considered a muscle of facial expression?

Back 50

the levator palpebrae superioris is innervated by CN3, not the facial n. and is therefore not considered a muscle of facial expression

Front 51

What CN innervates all facial muscles?

Back 51

Facial N. (CN 7)