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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Histology? |
The study of tissue. |
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What is tissue? |
A group of cells with similar structure and function |
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What are the four major tissue types? |
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous. |
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What do cell junctions do? |
Bind cells together.
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What forms cell junctions? |
Cell membrane protein. |
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What are the three types of cell junction? |
Tight, anchoring, gap. |
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What are tight junction? |
A partial fusion of specific proteins of the cell membrane that forms a ring-like tight seal. |
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What is the function of tight junction? |
Prevents material from passing between cells. |
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What are anchoring junctions? |
Junctions that fasten cells to each other and/or extracellular material |
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What is the function of anchoring junction? |
Allow tissue to change shape without tearing. |
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What are Gap Junctions? |
Open protein channels that connect adjacent cells. |
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What is the function of Gap Junction? |
Allows tissue to work as a unit |
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Epithelial Tissue? |
Lining Tissue |
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Connective Tissue? |
Connecting Tissue |
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Muscle Tissue? |
Contractile tissue |
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Nervous Tissue? |
Signaling tissue |
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What is the function of the Epithelial Tissue? |
Covers body surface and lines body/organ cavities. |
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What is a lumen? |
Organ Cavity. |
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What are the characteristics of Epithelial? |
Has 1 free surface, little extracellular space between cell, avascular, basement membrane.
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What is basement membrane? |
An extracellular layer that attaches the epithelium to underlying CT layer. |
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How are Epithelia Tissues classified? |
By # of cells sitting on the basement membrane and the shape of the cells. |
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What is Simple Epithelia? |
One layer of cells |
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What is stratified Epithelia? |
1+ layer of cells |
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Squamous? |
flat cells
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Cuboidal? |
cube shaped cell |
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Columnar? |
Column shaped. |
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Pseudostratified Epithelia? |
Appears stratified but all cells sit on basement membrane |
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Transitional Epithelia? |
Cell shape varies with stretching |
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What is the function of Simple Epithelia? |
Allow the exchange of molecules- absorption/secretion. |
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What is the function of stratified Epithelia? |
Protect |
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What is the function of Glandular Epithhelium? |
For secretion |
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What is the Function of the Exocrine Glands? |
Secrete products onto body surface or into cavity. |
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What is the function of the endocrine glands? |
Secrete hormones directly into blood. |
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What is the function of Epithelia? |
Protection, secretion, control of permeability. |
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What is the function of the Connective Tissue? |
Supports and connects tissue. |
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What does -BLAST mean? |
Cell that creates. |
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What does -CYTE mean? |
Cell that maintain |
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What does -CLAST mean? |
Cell that break down. |
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What are the composition of Matrix? |
Fibre, ground substance and water |
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What are the two types of fibre in connective tissue? |
Collagen fibres, elastin fibres. |
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What is the function of collagen fibres? |
For strength. |
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What is the function of elastic fibres? |
For elastic and allow stretch and recoli. |
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What is ground substance? |
Uncultured material surrounding the extracellular fibres and cells. |
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How is Connective Tissue classified? |
Mainly by matrix composition. |
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What are the subtypes of Connective Tissue? |
CT proper, cartilage, bone, blood. |
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What creates CT Proper? |
Fibroblasts. |
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What are the characteristics of Areolar CT? |
Loosely arranged collagen and elastic fibres surrounded by ground substance. Highly vascular. |
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What are the characteristics of Adipose CT? |
Large + store triglycerides. Very little marix and higher vascular. |
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What are the characteristic of dense CT? |
Many fibres, little ground substance and poorly vascular? |
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What are the sub types of dense CT? |
Dense irregular, and dense regular CT |
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What differentiates Dense irregular from dense regular CT? |
The arrangement of the collagen fibres. |
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What cells compose Cartilage? |
Chondrocytes and Chondroblasts |
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Where are the cells of the cartilage located? |
Lacunae. |
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What is lacunae? |
Cavities in the matrix |
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What are the components of the Cartilage's matrix? |
Fibres (collagen + elastin), ground substance (chondroitin sulphate, hyaluronic acid), water. |
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What are the cells that compose bone? |
Osteoblasts, and osteoclasts |
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What is the location of bone's cells? |
Lacunae |
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What are the cells of blood? |
Red blood cells and white blood cells. |
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What is the composition of blood's matrix? |
Plasma, |
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What are the subtypes of Muscle Tissue? |
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
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What is the function of nervous tissue? |
Conduct electrical impulses and support and protects neurons. |
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What would a membrane be? |
The simplest organs, that only have two tissues. (Usually epithelial tissue and CT) |
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What are the types of Membrane? |
Muscous, serous, synovial and cutaneous
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What is the function of Mucous Membrane? |
Lines cavities opening to body exterior. |
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What are the two layers of mucous membrane? |
goblet cells containing epithelium and lamina propria |
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What is the functions of Serous Membranes? |
Line closed cavities that do not open exterior. |
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What is the location of Synvial Membrane? |
In joints |
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Where can one find Cuntaneous membrane? |
Skin |
