Anatomy: Hand. Extensors Of Forearm

Front 1

Nerve anterior to medial epicondyle

Back 1

median n.

Front 2

nerve posterior to medial epicondyle

Back 2

ulnar n.

Front 3

Primary action of SUBSCAPULARIS MUSCLE

Back 3

internal rotation of shoulder join

Front 4

Primary action of Biceps Brachii

Back 4

SUPINATION

Front 5

Muscles of anterior/ flexor compartment of arm

Back 5

Brachialis m
Biceps brachii m
Coracobrachialis m

Front 6

Nerve around surgical neck of humerus

Back 6

Axillary nerve

Front 7

muscle innervated by the THORACODORSAL NERVE

Back 7

Latissimus dorsi m.

Front 8

muscles innervated by the LONG THORACIC NERVE

Back 8

Serratus anterior m

Front 9

Muscles innervated by DORSAL SCAPULAR NERVE

Back 9

levator scapula m
rhomboid major m
rhomboid minor m

Front 10

Flexor of Elbow joint

Back 10

Brachialis m.

Front 11

T or F
There is anastomosis around elbow joint.

Back 11

TRUE

Front 12

Relationship of MEDIAN NERVE to brachial artery

Back 12

Lateral-->anterior-->medial (elbow)

Front 13

the MEDIAN NERVE is between what two muscles in the distal part of forearm

Back 13

Flexor carpi radialis m.
Palmaris longus m.

Front 14

**Nerve between Biceps Brachii muscle and Brachialis muscle

Back 14

Radial nerve

Front 15

tendons deep to the Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons

Back 15

Flexor digitorum profundus tendons

Front 16

Muscle group at the base of the thumb

Back 16

Thenar

Front 17

Muscle group at base of pinky

Back 17

Hypothenar

Front 18

Name the 5 compartments of the hand

Back 18

Thenar compartment
Adductor compartment
Interosseous compartment
Hypothenar compartment
Central compartment

Front 19

Muscles of the Thenar compartment

Back 19

"AB-Fl-O"
ABductor POLLICIS brevis m.
Flexor POLLICIS brevis m.
Opponens pollicis m.

Front 20

"opponens" describes what position

Back 20

adjacent to bone to move bone

Front 21

Muscle of adductor compartment

Back 21

(only 1)
Adductor Pollicis m.

Front 22

Muscles of the Interosseous compartment

Back 22

Dorsal interosseous mm
Palmar interosseious mm.

Front 23

"interosseous" refers to what possition

Back 23

between bones

Front 24

Muscles of the Hypothenar compartment

Back 24

(don't have to know)
"AB-Fl-O"
ABductor digiti minimi m.
Flexor digiti minimi m.
opponens digiti minimi m.

Front 25

Muscles of the central compartment

Back 25

Long flexor tendons
LUMBRICAL mm.

Front 26

**Muscles of the THENAR compartment

Back 26

"AB-Fl-O"
ABductor POLLICIS BREVIS m.
Flexor POLLICIS BREVIS m.
Opponens POLLICIS m.

Front 27

what do the JOINT LINES on a x-ray of the hand represent?

Back 27

Cartilage (serous fluid bt cartilage)

Front 28

what 2 bones make the joint of the base of thumb?

Back 28

Metacarpus bone
Trapezium bone

Front 29

Name 4 structures of bones that can be foreshortened on a PA x-ray of wrist.

Back 29

Tubercle of Trapezium bone
Hook of hamate
Pisiform bone
Tubercle of Scaphoid bone

Front 30

4 carpal bones on the Proximal row

Back 30

(always name radial to medial)
(proximal to forearm)

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform

Front 31

Name 4 carpal bones of the Distal row

Back 31

(name Radial to medial)
(distal to forearm)
TRAPEZIUM (swinging of thumb like a trapezius)
TRAPEZOID
CAPITATE
HAMATE

Front 32

Attachment sites for the FLEXOR RETINACULUM

Back 32

(BONES!)
Tubercle of Scaphoid
Tubercle of Trapezium

Pisiform
Hook of Hamate

Front 33

Where is the Flexor Retinaculum located?

Back 33

Bt the Proximal row and distal row of carpal bones

Front 34

What structure prevents tendons of hand from bowing out and allows flexion of fingers?

Back 34

FLEXOR RETINACULUM

Front 35

a TX option for carpal tunnel syndrome includes the slight incision of what structure?

Back 35

Flexor retinaculum

Front 36

What description of people is at a high risk for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 36

"Fat, Smoking Secretary"
Those who are overweight, smokes, and types a lot.

Front 37

What contents are surrounded by synovial sheath in the carpal tunnel?

Back 37

1)Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus tendons

2)Flexor pollicis longus tendon

Front 38

If there is an increase in synovial fluid in synovial sheath, is the fluid or the contents withing the carpal tunnel compressed?

Back 38

Contents (tendons, median nerve)

Front 39

Nerve that traverses carpal tunnel

Back 39

Median n.

Front 40

**Recurrent branch of the Median nerve innervates what structure

Back 40

Thenar muscles

Front 41

Muscles innervated by Palmar digital branches of the Median Nerve

Back 41

Lumbrical mm of 1 and 2

Front 42

Nerve providing cutaneous sensation to lateral 3 1/2 fingers

Back 42

Palmar digitial branches of the MEDIAN NERVE

Front 43

Is pain present in the palm of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 43

No.

Front 44

What muscle outside thenar compartment contributes to actions of thumb?

Back 44

Adductor POLLICIS m.
(adduction)

Front 45

What nerve is injured if there is loss of thumb opposition and weakened aBduction and flexion?

Back 45

Recurrent branch of median nerve: easily injured bc in a superficial position in palm

Front 46

Results of injury to recurrent branch of median nerve

Back 46

Loss of thumb opposition
Weakened ABduction and flextion

Front 47

Syndrome: compression of median nerve within carpal tunnel

Back 47

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Front 48

Name some causes of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Back 48

Inflammation
Fluid retention
Excessive Exercise
Arthritis

Front 49

What sensory deficits are associated with carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 49

parasthesia, hypothesia, anesthesia @ REGION OF LATERAL 3 AND 1/2 DIGITS(no pain in palm)
pain worse @ night

Front 50

What motor deficit is associated with carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 50

loss of strength in thumb (3 thenar mm)

Front 51

What tests can be performed for carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 51

Phalen test

Tinel sign

Front 52

Describe Phalen test and positive result.

Back 52

Press back of both hands together for ~1min (to compress carpal tunnel)

Positive test: numbness or tingling along distribution of median n.

Front 53

Describe Tinel Sign test and positive result.

Back 53

Pecussion over carpal tunnel

Positive test: tingling sensation

Front 54

Nerve that innervates the muscles of the hypothenar compartment.

Back 54

Ulnar n.

Front 55

nerve that innervates the 2 medial lumbrical muscles of the central compartement

Back 55

(ring finger and pinky)
deep branch of ULNAR n.

Front 56

nerve that innervates the 2 lateral lumbrical muscles of the central compartment

Back 56

(pointer and middle fingers)
digital branches of MEDIAN n.

Front 57

position of ulnar nerve and artery to Flexor retinaculum

Back 57

ulnar n. SUPERFICIAL/ anterior to flexor retinaculum

Front 58

which branch of the ulnar nerve is considered the sensory branch?
motor branch?

Back 58

sensory: SUPERFICIAL BRANCH

motor: DEEP BRANCH

Front 59

nerve that innervates the interosseous muscles

Back 59

Ulnar nerve

Front 60

GUYON'S CANAL is bt what 2 bones

Back 60

Pisiform
Hook of Hamate

Front 61

Nerve that runs in Guyon's canal

Back 61

deep branch of ULNAR nerve

Front 62

What does the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ULNAR nerve innervate?

Back 62

dorsum of hand and medial 1 and 1/2 digits

Front 63

Branch of nerve that supplies cutaneous sensation to medial part of palm and motor to hypothenar muscles

Back 63

superficial branch of the ULNAR nerve

Front 64

nerve that innervates
the dorsal and palmar interosseous muscles,
medial lumbricals (3-4) and the adductor pollicis muscle

Back 64

deep branch of the ULNAR nerve

Front 65

Origin and insertion of Lumbrical muscles

Back 65

Origin: TENDON of flexor digitorum PROFUNDUS m.

Insertion: lateral/ radial side of extensor expansions of digits 2-5

Front 66

Action of Lumbrical muscles

Back 66

(hold tendon taut)
flex MCP joints
extend PIP and DIP joints

Front 67

nerve that innervates lumbrical muscles

Back 67

lateral (1,2): MEDIAN NERVE
medial (3,4): ULNAR NERVE

Front 68

branch of nerve that innervates the intrinsic muscles of hand

Back 68

deep branch of ULNAR n.

Front 69

What are the intrinsic muscle of the hand?

Back 69

1) adductor pollicis m.

2) dorsal interossei: 1-4
3) palmar interossei: 1-3

Front 70

How many dorsal interosseus muscle:
1) pointer finger [1]?
2) middle finger [2]?
3 ring finger [3]?

Back 70

total= 4

1. pointer: 1 on radial side
2. middle finger: 2- one on radial and one on medial side
3. ring- 1 on medial side

Front 71

Action of dorsal interosseous muscles

Back 71

ABduct digits
Act with Lumbricals

Front 72

nerve that innervates the dorsal interosseous muscle

Back 72

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Front 73

How many palmar interosseous muscle/s:
-thumb?
-pointer finger?
-middle finger?
-ring finger?
-pinky?

Back 73

total = 3
-thumb: 0
-pointer: 1 on medial sied
-middle: 0
-ring: 1 on radial side
pinky: 1 on radial side

Front 74

Are the Palmar interosseous muscles responsible for aBduction or adduction?

Back 74

adduction- 3 muscles

Thumb does not need palmar interosseous m (adduction) bc it has its own adductor m. (adductor pollicis m.)

Front 75

Are the Dorsal interosseous muscles responsible for aBduction or adduction?

Back 75

aBduction- 4 muscles
(no aBductor/ dorsal interosseous m on pinky)

Front 76

branch of nerve that innervates palmar interosseous muscle

Back 76

deep branch of ulnar nerve

Front 77

action of palmar interosseous muscles

Back 77

ADDUCTS digits
assistes lumbricals

Front 78

branches of brachial artery that anastomose

Back 78

Radial artery
Ulnar artery

Front 79

name the 2 anastomosis of the hand

Back 79

SUPERFICIAL PALMAR ARTERIAL ARCH

DEEP PALMAR ARTERIAL ARCH

Front 80

structure that the COMMON PALMAR DIGITAL ARTERIES arise from

Back 80

SUPERFICIAL PALMAR ARTERIAL ARCH

Front 81

the PROPER PALMAR DIGITAL ARTERIES arise from what structures?

Back 81

common palmar digital artery

Front 82

does the proper palmar digital arteries anastomose with other artereis?

Back 82

NO- they are terminal arteries.

Front 83

If a proper palmar digitital artery is damaged, is blood suppy completely lost to that half of the finger?

Back 83

YES- terminal arteries so no anastomosis

Front 84

Anastomosis in hand

Back 84

superficial palmar arterial arch
deep palmer arterial arch

Front 85

Arterial supply of thumb and thenar muscles

Back 85

Deep Palmar arterial arch--> dorsal metacarpal arteries

Front 86

Why are 4 injections necessary to numb finger?

Back 86

Pair of nerves on palmar interosseous side =2
Pair of nerves on dorsal interosseous side = 2

Front 87

Arterial supply is from bone or tendon?

Back 87

bone

Front 88

tendon that passes through the Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon

Back 88

Flexor digitorum profundus tendon

Front 89

the flexor digitorum profundus tendon passes through what tendon to insert on distal phalanx?

Back 89

flexor digitorum superficialis tendon

Front 90

What part of of the phalanges does the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon insert?

Back 90

proximal phalanx

Front 91

what part of the phalanges does the flexor digitorum profundus tendon insert?

Back 91

distal phalanx

Front 92

Horseshoe abscess involves infection spread between what 2 synovial sheaths?

Back 92

common flexor synovial sheath (pinky) to
synovial sheath of flexor pollicis longus tendon (thumb)

Front 93

Name the 6 extensor muscles of the forearem of the superficial group.

Back 93

brachioradialis m.

EXTENSOR CARPI radialis longus m
EXTENSOR CARPI brevis m.
EXTENSOR CARPI ulnaris m.

EXTENSOR DIGITorum m.
EXTENSOR DIGITI minimi m.

Front 94

Do the extensor muscles of the forearm supinate or pronate?

Back 94

SUPINATE

Front 95

What is the common origin of the forearm extensor mm of the superficial group?

Back 95

lateral epi/suprcondyle of humerus

Front 96

Where does the Brachioradialis muscle insert?

Back 96

lateral surface of distal end of RADIUS

Front 97

Nerve that innervates the brachioradialis m.

Back 97

radial n.

Front 98

Where does the extensor carpi radialis longus m. insert?

Back 98

base of 2nd METACARPAL bone

Front 99

Acton of Extensor carpi radialis longus m.

Back 99

extends and aBducts wrist joint

Front 100

nerve that innervates extensor radialis longus m.

Back 100

radial n.

Front 101

Where does the EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS insert?

Back 101

base of 3rd METACARPAL BONE

(vs. the 2nd for ext carpi radialis longus .)

Front 102

Nerve that innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis

Back 102

radial n.

Front 103

Where does the extensor carpi ulnaris muscles insert?

Back 103

base of 5th METACARPAL bone

Front 104

Action of Extensor carpi radialis brevis m.

Back 104

extends hand at the wrist joint

Front 105

action of extensor carpi ulnaris m.

Back 105

extends and adducts wrist joint

Front 106

What is the insertion of the extensor digitorum m?

Back 106

extensor expansions of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th digits

Front 107

Action of the Extensor digitorum muscle

Back 107

extends medial 4 digits @ MCP, PIP, DIP joints and
extends hand at wrist joint

Front 108

nerve that innervates the Extensory digitorum muscle

Back 108

radial nerve

Front 109

Insertion of extensor digiti minimi m.

Back 109

extensor expansion of 5th digit (pinky)

Front 110

nerve that innervates extensor digiti minimi m.

Back 110

radial n.

Front 111

Name the 5 extensor muscles of the forearm of the DEEP group.

Back 111

Supinator m.

Abductor pollicis longus m.
Extensor pollicis brevis m.
Extensor pollicis longus m.

Extensor indicis m.

Front 112

Supinator muscle origin and insertion

Back 112

origin: lateral epicondyle
(wraps around posterior)
Insertion: anterolateral surface of radium

Front 113

Action of supinator m.

Back 113

supinates FOREARM

Front 114

Origin of supinator muscle vs origin of pronator teres muscle

Back 114

supinator m: lateral epicondyle (wraps around posterior)
Pronator teres m: medial epicondyle (wraps around anterior)

Front 115

nerve that innervates the supinator m.

Back 115

radial n.

Front 116

posterior interosseous nerve is a branch of what nerve?

Back 116

radial nerve

Front 117

what is the posterior interosseous nerve also known as?

Back 117

deep branch of the radial nerve

Front 118

what forearm extensor muscles are not innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve?

Back 118

brachioradialis m.
extensor carpi radialis longus m.
(innervated by radial nerve- not this deep branch!)

Front 119

**nerve between the Biceps brachii and brachialis muscle

Back 119

radial nerve

Front 120

Joint associated with Abductor pollicis longus m.

Back 120

carpometacarpal joint
(also aBducts THUMB)

Front 121

nerve that innervates abductor pollicis longus m.

Back 121

radial n

Front 122

nerve that innervates abductor pollicis brevis m.

Back 122

radial nerve

Front 123

joint associated with extensor pollicis brevis m.

Back 123

Carpometacarpal joint
MCP joint
(THUMB)

Front 124

joints associated with extensor pollicis longus m.

Back 124

MCP joint
Interphalangeal joint
(THUMB)

Front 125

**tendon in DORSAL RADIAL TUBERCLE OF LISTER

Back 125

externsor pollicis longus tendon

(real bone model)

Front 126

nerve that innervates extensor pollicis longus m.

Back 126

radial nerve

Front 127

most distal muscle innervated by radial nerve

Back 127

extensor indicis muscle

Front 128

which digit is the extensor indicis m. associated with?

Back 128

2nd digit

Front 129

nerve that innervates extensor indicis muscle

Back 129

radial nerve

Front 130

Extensor retinaculum on anterior or posterior surface of wrist?

Back 130

posterior surface

Front 131

how many tendon compartments are under the extensor retinaculum?

Back 131

6

Front 132

Muscles of extensor tendon compartment 1

Back 132

extensor POLLICIS brevis m.
abductor POLLICIS longus m.

Front 133

Muscles of extensor tendon compartment 2

Back 133

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS brevis m.
EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS longus m.

Front 134

Muscles of extensor tendon compartment 3

Back 134

Extensor pollicis longus m (cross compartment 2 to get to thumb)

Front 135

Muscles of extensor tendon compartment 4

Back 135

EXTENSOR digitorum m.
EXTENSOR indicis m.

largest (to fingers 1-4)

Front 136

Muscles of extensor tendon compartment 5

Back 136

Extensor digiti minimi m.

Front 137

Muscles of extensor tendon compartment 6

Back 137

Extensor carpi ulnaris m.

Front 138

Are extensor tendons wrapped in synovial sheaths in the compartments?

Back 138

yes- no sheaths in dorsum of hand

Front 139

which extensor compartment overlaps another?

Back 139

compartment 3 over 2

Front 140

tendon borders of anatomical snuff box

Back 140

1) extensor pollicis longus tendon (hooks around dorsal tubercal of radius thus being separated from brevis tendon)

2) extensor pollicis brevis tendon