Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What three bones fuse in the hip bone and what is it called where they fuse?
|
1.ilium
2. ischium 3. pubis all fuse at the acetabulum |
|
|
The iliac crest cross what spinal level?
|
L4
|
|
|
The dorsum ilii(iliac wing) is the origin for what muscles?
|
1.gluteus minimus
2. gluteus medius 3. gluteus maximus |
|
|
The anterior inferior iliac spine corresponds with what muscle?
|
straight head of rectus femoris
|
|
|
The posterior superior iliac spine corresponds with what spinal level?
|
2nd sacral (bottom of subarachnoid space containing CSF)
|
|
|
What are the bony landmarks of the ilium?
|
1.dorsum ilii (iliac wing)
2. iliac crest 3. Anterior Superior Iliac Spine 4. Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine 5. Posterior Superior Iliac Spine 6. Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine 7. Greater Sciatic Notch |
|
|
Where is the ilium in relation to the acetabulum?
|
superior
|
|
|
Where is the ischium in relation to the acetabulum?
|
posteroinferior
|
|
|
What are the bony landmarks of the ischium?
|
1.ischial spine
2. body of ischium 3. ischial tuberosity 4. ramus of ischium 5. pubic arch |
|
|
What does the ischium ramus fuse with and when?
|
fuses with inferior ramus of pubis in 8th year
|
|
|
What forms the pubic arch?
|
fusion of rami of ischium and pubis bilaterally
|
|
|
What causes ischial bursitis?
|
friction between ischial tuberosity and the ischial bursa
|
|
|
What are the bony landmarks on the proximal end of the femur?
|
1.head
2.neck 3. greater trochanter 4. lesser trochanter 5. gluteal tuberosity 6. linea aspera |
|
|
Where does trochanteric bursitis happen?
|
friction bursitis over the greater trochanter
|
|
|
What are the attachments of the gluteus maximus muscle?
|
1.ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament
2. gluteal tuberosity(1/4 of muscle inserts here) and iliotibial tract 3. linea aspera |
|
|
Where does the iliotibial tract attach inferiorly?
|
inferiorly to lateral condyle of the tibia
|
|
|
What is the function of the iliotibial tract?
|
assists in keeping the extended knee joint extended
|
|
|
What innervates the gluteus maximus?
|
inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,2)
|
|
|
What vascularizes the gluteus maximus?
|
inferior gluteal vessels and superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery
|
|
|
What is the function of the gluteus maximus?
|
1.extends hip joint
2. rotates femur laterally (supports the extended knee via the iliotibial tract) |
|
|
What structures are deep to the gluteus maximus?
|
1.greater sciatic foramen
2. piriformis muscle |
|
|
What emerges superior to the piriformis muscle?
|
superior gluteal vessels and nerve
|
|
|
What emerges inferior to the piriformis?
|
2 groups (Group of 5 and Group of 3)
|
|
|
What is in the Group of 5 that emerges inferior to the piriformis?
|
1.sciatic nerve (L4,5, S1,2,3)
2. inferior gluteal nerve 3. inferior gluteal artery 4. inferior gluteal vein 5. posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh |
|
|
Where does the sciatic nerve lie in relation to the hip and femur?
|
between the ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter
|
|
|
Which side is the safe side of the sciatic nerve and why?
|
the lateral side since it doesn't have any branches on that side
|
|
|
What does the sciatic nerve divide into?
|
1. common peroneal(fibular) nerve (L4,5,S1,2)
2. tibial nerves (L4,5,S1,2,3) |
|
|
What do the inferior gluteal vessels supply?
|
1.piriformis
2. obturator internus 3. gluteus maximus |
|
|
Pain from sciatica radiates where?
|
from buttock down the leg and can travel as far as feet and toes
|
|
|
Where is the safe area to give intragluteal injections?
|
upper outer quadrant
|
|
|
What is in the Group of 3 that emerges inferior to the piriformis muscle?
|
1.nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1,2)
2. internal pudendal vessels 3. pudendal nerve (S2,3,4) |
|
|
How does Group of 3 emerge?
|
1. from greater sciatic foramen and into ischiorectal fossa
|
|
|
While the internal pudendal vessels cross the ischial spine where does the pudendal nerve lie?
|
on the sacrospinal ligament
|
|
|
What is the only structure that enters the gluteal region via the lesser sciatic foramen?
|
obturator internus
|
|
|
What are the 5 muscles inserted on the greater trochanter?
|
1.gluteus medius
2. gluteus minimus 3. piriformis 4. obturator internus and gemelli 5. obturator externus |
|
|
What are the attachments of the gluteus medius?
|
1.gluteal surface of ilium
2.lateral greater trochanter |
|
|
What are the attachments of the gluteus minimus?
|
1.gluteal surface of ilium
2. anterior surface of greater trochanter |
|
|
What is the function of the gluteus minimus and medius?
|
1.abduct the hip joint
2.prevent adduction of thigh when body weight is on 1 leg. |
|
|
What are the attachments of the piriformis?
|
1.sacrum through greater sciatic notch
2. apex of greater trochanter |
|
|
What are the attachments of the superior gemellus?
|
1. upper margin of lesser sciatic foramen(ischial spine)
2.join with obturator internus(tendon) |
|
|
What innervates the superior gemellus?
|
nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1,2)
|
|
|
What are the attachments of the inferior gemellus?
|
1.lower margin of lesser sciatic foramen(ischial tuberosity)
2.join with obturator internus (tendon) |
|
|
What innervates the inferior gemellus?
|
nerve to quadratus femoris(L4,5,S1)
|
|
|
Where do the superior and inferior gemelli lie in relation to the obturator internus?
|
Lie just above and below the obturator internus
|
|
|
What levels make up the superior gluteal nerve?
|
L4,5,S1
|
|
|
How does the superior gluteal nerve run into the gluteal region?
|
1. through the greater sciatic foramen with superior gluteal vessel
2. superior to piriformis 3. across lateral surface of ilium between gluteus medius and minimus 4. along with deep branch of superior gluteal artery |
|
|
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
|
1.gluteus medius
2. gluteus minimus 3. tensor fasciae latae(all abductors of the hip) |
|
|
What is the result of a lesion of the superior gluteal nerve?
|
1.tipping of the hip to the unsupported side
2. due to non-functional gluteus medius and minimus on supported side 3.positive Trendelenburg test |
|
|
What are the attachments of the tensor fasciae latae?
|
1.anterior superior iliac spine and outer lip of iliac crest
2. iliotibial tract (pulls on it) |
|
|
What are the small lateral rotators of the hip joint?
|
1.quadratus femoris
2. obturator internus (sup. and inf. gemelli) 3. piriformis 4. obturator externus |
|
|
What innervates the quadratus fermoris?
|
nerve to quadratus femoris (L4,5,S1)
(comes off of sciatic nerve) |
|
|
What lies superior to the quadratus fermoris?
|
1.obturator internus
2.sup. and inf. gemelli |
|
|
What are the attachments of the obturator internus?
|
1.pelvis surface of obturator membrane
2. goes through lesser sciatic foramen 3.upper border of greater trochanter |
|
|
What innervates the obturator internus?
|
nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1,2)
|
|
|
What are the attachements of the obturator externus?
|
1.lateral surface of obturator membrane
2. back of femoral neck |
|
|
What stabilizes the hip joint?
|
small lateral rotators
|
|
|
The superior and inferior gluteal arteries are branches off of what?
|
internal iliac artery
|
|
|
What do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries supply and what are their largest branches?
|
1.supply entire gluteal region
2. largest branches are muscular branches |
|
|
What does the path of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh duplicate?
|
Runs the same path as the sciatic nerve, just cutaneously
|
|
|
What are the the 2 branches of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?
|
1.gluteal
2.perineal |
