Anatomy Final- Special Senses

Front 1

The ability to detect the external enviroment is accomplished by a series of a specialized structures called:

Back 1

sensory receptors

Front 2

The sense of smell is related to the first cranial nerve, which passes through the ethmoid bone into the nasal cavity, called the:

Back 2

olfactory nerve

Front 3

The normal adult possesses a number of cutaneous (exteroceptive) senses. Among these are:

Back 3

pain, pressure and heat

Front 4

The detection of certain low energy forms of electromagnetic radiation can be accomplished by photoreceptors located in the:

Back 4

eye

Front 5

The degree of distention is some muscular organs, such as the rectum and the urinary bladder, is accomplished by:

Back 5

stretch receptors

Front 6

The transparent outer portion of the eye that allows passage of light into the eye is called the:

Back 6

cornea

Front 7

The tympanic cavity is a small irregular space within the temporal bone that serves to house the structures associated with:

Back 7

hearing

Front 8

The specialized organs on the tongue for the detection of taste are called:

Back 8

taste buds

Front 9

The external funnel-like structure of the ear that helps to direct sound vibrations to the ear is called the:

Back 9

auricle

Front 10

The tympanic membrane is a thin membrane which separates the structures of the:

Back 10

external and middle ear

Front 11

Pressure differences in the middle ear must be maintained to prevent hearing impairment. The structure associated with this function is the:

Back 11

Eustachian tube

Front 12

The small bones of the middle ear that serve to transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear are the:

Back 12

incus, stapes, malleus

Front 13

The sense of equilibrium (balance) is controlled by a series of small fluid canals called the:

Back 13

semicircular canals

Front 14

The specialized receptor for hearing located on the basilar membrane of the cochlea is called the:

Back 14

organ of Corti

Front 15

stapes at oval window

Back 15

A

Front 16

cochlear nerve

Back 16

E

Front 17

vestibule

Back 17

B

Front 18

semicircular canals

Back 18

C

Front 19

cochlea

Back 19

F

Front 20

vestibular portion of the acoustic nerve

Back 20

D

Front 21

The membraneous labyrinth of the inner ear is surrounded by a protective fluid called:

Back 21

perilymph

Front 22

The action of otoliths on the hairlike extensions of the macula in response to gravity is interpreted by the brain to help control:

Back 22

positional orientation

Front 23

The tongue is able to detect four primary taste sensations. Among these is:

Back 23

sweet, sour, salt, bitter

Front 24

Visceral pain impulses may be felt at body parts other than where the stimulus is occurring. This phenonmenon is called:

Back 24

referred pain

Front 25

The upper eyelid that forms a protective covering for the eye also houses a small gland that produces tears called the:

Back 25

lacrimal gland

Front 26

The production of tears helps to moisten and protect the eye from bacterial infection and will drain into the nasal cavity through the:

Back 26

nasolacrimal duct

Front 27

The visual receptors cells are located on the back of the eye in the cellular layer called the:

Back 27

retina

Front 28

The amount of light passing through the pupil of the eye is controlled by a set of circular muscles called the:

Back 28

iris

Front 29

The majority of the eyeball is composed of a white, fibrous protective covering called the:

Back 29

sclera

Front 30

The impulses for visual sensation will pass into the occipital lobe of the brain by way of the second cranial nerve, which is also called the:

Back 30

optic nerve

Front 31

The action of the ciliary bodies control the shape of a transparent oval body called the _______ which serves to focus light on the back of the eye.

Back 31

lens

Front 32

Eye color is due principally to the appearance of a circular muscle called the:

Back 32

iris

Front 33

The retina is composed of two distinct types of cells called:

Back 33

cones and rod

Front 34

The point of the retinal surface with the greatest amount of visual acuity is the:

Back 34

fovea centralis

Front 35

vitreous humor

Back 35

H

Front 36

cornea

Back 36

D

Front 37

lens

Back 37

F

Front 38

optic nerve

Back 38

J

Front 39

retina

Back 39

G

Front 40

sclera

Back 40

A

Front 41

iris

Back 41

B

Front 42

ciliary body

Back 42

C

Front 43

pupil opening

Back 43

E

Front 44

optic disc

Back 44

I

Front 45

The normal value for the interpupillary measurement is:

Back 45

2.5" (6-7 cm)

Front 46

High interocular pressure most commonly results from excessive amounts of _______ buildup in the anterior chamber.

Back 46

aqueous humor

Front 47

There are no photreceptors in the area where the optic nerve joins the posterior portion of the eye leaving a blind spot called the:

Back 47

optic disc

Front 48

The clouding of the lens of the eye is a common cause of blurred vision. This condition is called:

Back 48

a cataract

Front 49

The specialized cell of the retina that is primarily responsible for color vision is the:

Back 49

cone

Front 50

the principal muscle group responsible for eye movement are the:

Back 50

rectus muscles

Front 51

Differentiate between endocrine and exocrine glands.

Back 51

endocrine- ductless
exocrine- ducts

Front 52

What is known as the "master gland of the body"?

Back 52

pituitary

Front 53

What is secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Back 53

epinephrine

Front 54

What is A?

Back 54

auricle or pinna

Front 55

What is B?

Back 55

EAM

Front 56

What is C?

Back 56

tympanic membrane

Front 57

what is D?

Back 57

malleus

Front 58

What is E?

Back 58

incus

Front 59

What is F?

Back 59

stapes

Front 60

What is G?

Back 60

cochlea

Front 61

What is H?

Back 61

tympanic cavity

Front 62

What is I?

Back 62

Eustachian tube