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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tracts |
Groups of axons in spiral cord going in same direction |
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Ascending tracts |
Take sense input to brain |
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Descending tracts |
Take motor instructions out to PNS |
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Peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
All of neurons system outside brain & spinal cord |
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Nerves-only in PNS |
Collections of nerve fibers & blood vessels wrapped in connective tissue |
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Epineruim |
Connective tissue wrapping entire nerve |
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Perineurium |
Connective tissue wrapping bundles of nerve fibers into fasciles |
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Endoneurium |
Connective tissue wrapping one nerve fiber |
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Sensory nerves |
All nerve fibers are carrying sense info |
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Motor nerves |
All nerve fibers carry motor instructions out to muscles & glands |
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Mixed nerves |
Have a combination of motor & sensory nerve fibers |
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Cranial nerves |
12 pairs of nerve attached to the brain, cranial nerves 1 &2 attach to diencephalon. 3-12 go to brain stem |
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#1 olfactory nerve |
Sense of smell |
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#2 optic nerve |
Sense of sight |
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#3 oculomotor nerve |
Moves eyeball & eyelid |
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#4 trochlear nerve |
Moves eyeball |
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#5 trigeminal nerve |
Chewing, sense of touch, pain, & temperature (mixed nerve) |
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#6 abducens nerve |
Abducts the eyeball (moves eyeball away from midline) |
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#7 facial nerve |
Facial expressions, secretion of tears & saliva, and sense of taste (mixed nerve) |
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#8 vestibulocochlear nerve |
Sense of hearing & balance |
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#9 glossopharyngeal nerve |
Secretion of saliva, taste, & blood pressure regulation |
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#10 vagus nerve |
"Wandering nerve" -enters thorax & abdomen, branches to internal organs, controls organs (motor nerve) |
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#11 accessory nerve |
Head movement & swallowing (motor neuron) |
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#12 hypoglossal nerve |
Move tongue during talking & swallowing |
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Spinal nerves |
Nerves that exit spine, 31 pairs that are all the same |
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Anatomy of spinal nerves |
Dorsal & ventral nerve root let's exit spinal cord, fuse to form |
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Anatomy of spinal nerves cont |
Dorsal & ventral nerve roots enter dorsal root ganglion |
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Anatomy of spinal nerves cont cont |
Dorsal root ganglion-swelling in intervertebral foramen |
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Anatomy of Spinal nerve--- cont cont cont |
spinal nerve Exits root ganglion, then exits vertebral column & branches to form- dorsal rami & ventral rami |
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Somatic nervous system |
Takes sense imput to CNS & takes motor instructions to PNS |
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Innervation of body HEAD |
Innervated by cranial nerves |
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BACK (posterior thorax) |
Intervated in strips by dorsal rami of spinal nerve T2-T12 |
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Anterior thorax(chest) |
Intervated by ventral rami which becomes the intercostal nerve. These travel in the costal groove of ribs |
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Anterior thorax cont |
The lateral cutaneous nerves branch from intercostal nerves & go to skin |
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Anterior thorax cont cont |
Anterior cutaneous nerve branches from intercostal nerve & goes to skin |
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Nerve plexuses |
All ventral rami of spinal nerves except T2-T12 enter a nerve plexus *in a plexus, nerves fuse & swap nerve fibers then separate. *peripheral nerves leave plexus & go to body regions -each peripheral nerve contains nerve fibers from more than one spinal nerve |