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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Tracts

Groups of axons in spiral cord going in same direction

Ascending tracts

Take sense input to brain

Descending tracts

Take motor instructions out to PNS

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

All of neurons system outside brain & spinal cord

Nerves-only in PNS

Collections of nerve fibers & blood vessels wrapped in connective tissue

Epineruim

Connective tissue wrapping entire nerve

Perineurium

Connective tissue wrapping bundles of nerve fibers into fasciles

Endoneurium

Connective tissue wrapping one nerve fiber

Sensory nerves

All nerve fibers are carrying sense info

Motor nerves

All nerve fibers carry motor instructions out to muscles & glands

Mixed nerves

Have a combination of motor & sensory nerve fibers

Cranial nerves

12 pairs of nerve attached to the brain, cranial nerves 1 &2 attach to diencephalon. 3-12 go to brain stem

#1 olfactory nerve

Sense of smell

#2 optic nerve

Sense of sight

#3 oculomotor nerve

Moves eyeball & eyelid

#4 trochlear nerve

Moves eyeball

#5 trigeminal nerve

Chewing, sense of touch, pain, & temperature (mixed nerve)

#6 abducens nerve

Abducts the eyeball (moves eyeball away from midline)

#7 facial nerve

Facial expressions, secretion of tears & saliva, and sense of taste (mixed nerve)

#8 vestibulocochlear nerve

Sense of hearing & balance

#9 glossopharyngeal nerve

Secretion of saliva, taste, & blood pressure regulation

#10 vagus nerve

"Wandering nerve" -enters thorax & abdomen, branches to internal organs, controls organs (motor nerve)

#11 accessory nerve

Head movement & swallowing (motor neuron)

#12 hypoglossal nerve

Move tongue during talking & swallowing

Spinal nerves

Nerves that exit spine, 31 pairs that are all the same

Anatomy of spinal nerves

Dorsal & ventral nerve root let's exit spinal cord, fuse to form

Anatomy of spinal nerves cont

Dorsal & ventral nerve roots enter dorsal root ganglion

Anatomy of spinal nerves cont cont

Dorsal root ganglion-swelling in intervertebral foramen

Anatomy of Spinal nerve--- cont cont cont

spinal nerve Exits root ganglion, then exits vertebral column & branches to form- dorsal rami & ventral rami

Somatic nervous system

Takes sense imput to CNS & takes motor instructions to PNS

Innervation of body HEAD

Innervated by cranial nerves

BACK (posterior thorax)

Intervated in strips by dorsal rami of spinal nerve T2-T12

Anterior thorax(chest)

Intervated by ventral rami which becomes the intercostal nerve. These travel in the costal groove of ribs



Anterior thorax cont

The lateral cutaneous nerves branch from intercostal nerves & go to skin

Anterior thorax cont cont

Anterior cutaneous nerve branches from intercostal nerve & goes to skin

Nerve plexuses

All ventral rami of spinal nerves except T2-T12 enter a nerve plexus *in a plexus, nerves fuse & swap nerve fibers then separate. *peripheral nerves leave plexus & go to body regions




-each peripheral nerve contains nerve fibers from more than one spinal nerve