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165 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Would a DR adminster antibiotics to a person with a virus?
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Yes- as a proactive measure to secondary infections
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Where are bacteria located?
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Extracellular
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Where are Virus' located?
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Intercellular
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Why do antibiotics work on bacteria, but not virus?
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Because bacteria are located outside the cell.
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What is the position on an enzyme where action occurs?
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Active Site
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Are Enzymes Specific?
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Yes!
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What are the two types of eznyme inhibition
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Competitive ( binds to active site) and non competitive ( binds to allosteric site)
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1 Calorie =?
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1000 KCalories
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Caloric Value Mean/Day
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About 1600 k CAL
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Fiber is roughage from where?
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Eating fruits and veggies
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What are the two types of fiber
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Water solubule and insoluble
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What is the common name for the pharynx
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the throat
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What is the valve at the top of the pharynx called
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The Cardiac Valve
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What are the two types of fiber
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Water solubule and insoluble
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What is the valve at the bottom of the pharynx ( near stomach)
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pyoric
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What is the common name for the pharynx
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the throat
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What are the two types of fiber
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Water solubule and insoluble
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Define Phagocytosis
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Cell eating
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What is the valve at the top of the pharynx called
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The Cardiac Valve
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What is the common name for the pharynx
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the throat
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Aerobic activity requires
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More ATP
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What is the valve at the bottom of the pharynx ( near stomach)
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pyoric
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What is the valve at the top of the pharynx called
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The Cardiac Valve
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Define Glycolisis
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Breakdown of Sugar
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What is the valve at the bottom of the pharynx ( near stomach)
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pyoric
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Defien Glycogensis
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storage of sugar
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Define Phagocytosis
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Cell eating
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Define Phagocytosis
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Cell eating
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What are the two types of fiber
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Water solubule and insoluble
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What is the function of the gall bladder
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temporary storage of bile
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What are the two types of fiber
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Water solubule and insoluble
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Aerobic activity requires
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More ATP
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Aerobic activity requires
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More ATP
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What is the common name for the pharynx
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the throat
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Where is bile created
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In the liver
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What is the common name for the pharynx
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the throat
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Define Glycolisis
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Breakdown of Sugar
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Define Glycolisis
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Breakdown of Sugar
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What is the valve at the top of the pharynx called
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The Cardiac Valve
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What is the valve at the top of the pharynx called
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The Cardiac Valve
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What is the valve at the bottom of the pharynx ( near stomach)
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pyoric
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Defien Glycogensis
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storage of sugar
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Defien Glycogensis
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storage of sugar
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What is the function of the gall bladder
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temporary storage of bile
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What is the function of the gall bladder
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temporary storage of bile
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Define Phagocytosis
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Cell eating
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What is the valve at the bottom of the pharynx ( near stomach)
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pyoric
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Where is bile created
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In the liver
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Define Phagocytosis
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Cell eating
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Where is bile created
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In the liver
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Aerobic activity requires
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More ATP
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Aerobic activity requires
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More ATP
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Define Glycolisis
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Breakdown of Sugar
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Define Glycolisis
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Breakdown of Sugar
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Defien Glycogensis
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storage of sugar
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What is the function of the gall bladder
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temporary storage of bile
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Defien Glycogensis
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storage of sugar
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What is the function of the gall bladder
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temporary storage of bile
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Where is bile created
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In the liver
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Where is bile created
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In the liver
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What are the two types of fiber
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Water solubule and insoluble
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What is the common name for the pharynx
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the throat
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What is the valve at the top of the pharynx called
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The Cardiac Valve
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What is the valve at the bottom of the pharynx ( near stomach)
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pyoric
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Define Phagocytosis
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Cell eating
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Aerobic activity requires
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More ATP
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Define Glycolisis
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Breakdown of Sugar
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Defien Glycogensis
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storage of sugar
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What is the function of the gall bladder
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temporary storage of bile
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Where is bile created
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In the liver
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what is the purpose of bile?
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To emulsify fat?
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what hormone is released to cause liver to squeeze
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CCK
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What is produced in the pancrease?
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Biocarbonate and digestive enzymes
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What are the three functions of the lymphatic system
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Return fluids to the body, absorb fats and vitamins, and aid in immunity
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What is the hepatatic portal
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Drains blood from stomach and sleep to the liver
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RDA stands for
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Recomended daily allowance ( 1600 kilocalories)
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Nitrogen Balance
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The measure of input/output of nitrogen in the body.
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What are the building blocks of protiens
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Amino Acids
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What are the building blocks of carbohydrades
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D monosaccarids
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Define Absorbtion
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Withdraw from
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What are the three types of salivary glands?
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Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual
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Which is the largest Salivary Gland
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Parotid
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What are enzymes made up of
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Protiens
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What helps enzymes
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Coenzymes
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What are cofactors made of?
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minerals
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Define substrate
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molecule where operation occurs
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what are essential fatty acids
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Fatty acids that the body cannot make. must be taken in with food
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What should cholesterol be?
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About 170
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What are the three types of salivary glands?
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Parotid, Submandibular, and Sublingual
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Which is the largest Salivary Gland
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Parotid
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What are enzymes made up of
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Protiens
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What helps enzymes
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Coenzymes
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What are cofactors made of?
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minerals
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Define substrate
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molecule where operation occurs
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what are essential fatty acids
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Fatty acids that the body cannot make. must be taken in with food
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What should cholesterol be?
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About 170
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When fat is present, what hormone is released in the doedum?
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CCK- Cholecystokin
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WHat is the PH of the duodom
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8
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What is the PH of the Stomach
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.8
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What changes the PH from the duodum to the stomach
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Biochabonate Buffer
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What is the first 6-8 inches of the small intestine called
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Duodum
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What two things are released in the Dudom
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CCK
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What is brush border
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increases surface area, requires active transport and uses atp
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Define Degluniation
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Swalling
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When does digestion start
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Cephalic Phase- at the thought of foot
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Stomach produced protien intrinsic factot to transport what?
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B12
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What is the Entrohepatic Circulatory System
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Connects Liver to intesting
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Who gets first dibs on fat
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Liver
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What is the BIOCHEM lab of the body
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LIver
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What is the RBC graveyard
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Speel
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What does the gall bladder do?
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Temporarly stores bile.
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What is b12 used for
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Eurthropoeisis
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What is Vitamin C used for
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Immunity
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What are the two phases of metabolism
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Anabolism and Catabolism
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What happens during Anabolism
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Build up of food storage- uses energy
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What happens during Catabolism
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Break down of food, gain ATP.
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Aerobic is
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With O2
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What can we get glucose from
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Amino Acids and/pentrose and more
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-genisis
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production
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lysis
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breakdown
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define lipogenisis
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Fat Production
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Define lipolysis
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Breakdown of fat
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Where are T cells taught
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Thymus
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Which cells are natrual killes
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NK cells
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How do T cells kill
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Phagocytosis
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Which cells are the first responders
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Neurtophils
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What are the 4 ways to kill pathogens
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Inflamation, Immune Clearance, Phagocytosis and Cytolisis
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Define Antipyretic
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Fever Reducing
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Cell Related immunity
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Does not involve antibodies, but rather NK cells, T cells, etc
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When ACTICVE is involved
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Make our own antibodies
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When Passive is involved
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The antibodies are given, but only to buy time
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Hapten cells are
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Incomplete antigens. Does not produce immune response on its own
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Define TS cells
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Suppressor cells- minimize collatoral damage
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3 functions of the immunity system
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Recognize, React, Remember
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What are the 5 classes of Antibodies
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G,A,M,E,D
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Which is the antibody with the highest concentration
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Gamma
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Which part of immunioglobular is specific
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Varible Region
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What are the characteristics of a secondary response
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sooner, faster, higher, longer
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What do neurtophis do?
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Response
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What do Plasma Cells do
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Produce Antibodies
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What do macrophages do
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Clean up
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Define Anaphalixis
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Without Protection
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Define Proholaxis
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With Response
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What is the PH of the blood
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7.4-7.5
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How many lines of defense are there
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3
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What is the first line of defesne
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Extrinsic barriers, Skin/Mucous- used daily. NON SPECIFIC
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What are charactersitcs of the second line of defense
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Inflamation, Fever, Broadly affective. NON SPECIFIC
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What are charactersitcs of third line of defesne
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Very specific produces antibodies
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What is a chemotaxic agent
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Chemical released by NK cells to attract other WBC for help
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What is a cholride shift?
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Accomodates more Co2 loading as biocarbonate leaves RBC
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Respiratory Acidosis
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Patient Breaths quickly to get rid of extra CO2.- Kidneys durm extra hydrogen, pH drops
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Respiratory Alkelosis
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Lack of breathing
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_Capnia
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Level of Co2 in the blood.
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What does Chemosensitive
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areas that are sensitive to chemicals
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What is the peripral nervous system sensitive to
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PH inbllod
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What is the Central NErvous system sensitive to
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PH of CSF
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Cessitation
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Temporarly stopping
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Arrest
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Permanet stopping
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Febrile Effect
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High fever mimics acidic blood
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What is the function of the nasal chambers?
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To warm air
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Which law involved breathing
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Boyles LAw
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What occurs in the conducting region
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No exchangemovement only movement b/c membrane is too thick
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What neural areas control breathing
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Pons and Medulla Oblongota
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What is the apneustic/pnemotoxic center
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Pons
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What is the rhymicity center
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medulla oblongata
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