Anatomy Endocrine And Hormones

Front 1

Contrast Exocrine Glands and Endocrine Glands in regard to the release of their products

Back 1

Exocrine- Thru ducts onto epithelial surface
Endocrine- Directly into interstitial fluid

Front 2

What do we call the study of the endocrine system?

Back 2

Endocrinology

Front 3

What do we call the products of endocrine glands?

Back 3

Hormones

Front 4

What part of the brain is the master control center of the endocrine system?

Back 4

Pituitary Gland

Front 5

Give the two names of the two lobes of the pituitary glands (anterior & posterior)

Back 5

Anterior- Adenohypophysis
Posterior- Neurohypophysis

Front 6

What two hormones are distributed from (not secreted by) the posterior lobe?

Back 6

Antidiuretic Hormone & Oxytocin

Front 7

What Hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, promotes the release of thyroid hormones?

Back 7

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Front 8

What Hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, promotes the release of steroids from adrenal cortex?

Back 8

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Front 9

What hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, promotes Oocyte development & estrogen production/sperm production?

Back 9

Follicle-stimulating Hormone

Front 10

What hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, promotes ovulation and progestin production/androgen production?

Back 10

Luteinizing Hormone

Front 11

What hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, promotes Milk production and mammary gland development?

Back 11

Prolactin

Front 12

What hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, accelerates protein production?

Back 12

Growth Hormone

Front 13

What hormone, secreted by the anterior lobe, stimulates melanocytes?

Back 13

Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone

Front 14

What bi-lobed endocrine gland is located anterior to the trachea just inferior to the larynx?

Back 14

Thyroid Gland

Front 15

What hormones, secreted by the thyroid gland, increases cellular metabolism (broadly targeted)?

Back 15

T3 Triiodothyronine
T4 Thyroxine

Front 16

What hormone, secreted by the thyroid gland, decreases blood calcium levels?

Back 16

Calcitonin

Front 17

What endocrine glands are located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland?

Back 17

Parathyroid Glands

Front 18

What hormone, secreted by the parathyroid glands, increase blood calcium levels and bone mass?

Back 18

Parathyroid Hormone

Front 19

What two-layered endocrine glands are located on the superior border of each kidney (and therefore retroperitoneal)?

Back 19

Adrenal Glands

Front 20

What layer, on the outside of the adrenal gland, is yellow because of the presence of stored lipids?

Back 20

Adrenal Cortex

Front 21

What is the general term for the hormones secreted from the adrenal cortex?

Back 21

Corticosteroids (used to treat inflammation)

Front 22

What type of corticosteroid promotes the reabsorption of sodium and water?

Back 22

Mineralcorticoids

Front 23

What type of corticosteroid stimulates glucogenesis (fromation of glucose from sources such as amino acids from proteins and glycerol from lipids)?

Back 23

Glucocorticoids

Front 24

What type of corticosteroid in women promote muscle mass and libido?

Back 24

Androgens

Front 25

What layer, on the inside of the adrenal gland, is composed of modified galglionic neurons?

Back 25

Adrenal Medulla

Front 26

What two hormones, secreted by the adrenal medulla, produce effects similar to sympathetic stimulation?

Back 26

Epinephrine & Norepinephrine

Front 27

What mixed gland (endocrine AND exocrine function) lies deep to the stomach between the C of the duodenum and the spleen?

Back 27

Pancreas

Front 28

What two hormones produced by the pancreas are most directly involved with the regulation of blood glucose levels?

Back 28

alpha cells, Increase blood glucose levels- GLUCAGON
beta cells, Decrease blood glucose levels- INSULIN

Front 29

What form of diabetes, linked to the pancreas, is associated with glucose levels so high that our kidney can't reasbsorb all of it (so surgar ends up in the urine...glycosuria)?

Back 29

Diabetes mellitus

Front 30

What form of diabetes isn't linked to the pancreas at all but rather a lack of anti-diuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary?

Back 30

Diabetes insipidus

Front 31

What endocrine gland is located deep to the sternum and regresses with age after puberty?

Back 31

Thymus

Front 32

What category of hormones, produced by the thymus, assists in the maturation and function of the immune system?

Back 32

Thymosins

Front 33

What is the name of the male gonads?

Back 33

Testes (singular-testis)

Front 34

What is the primary androgen, produced by the testes, that promotes skeletal muscle growth and male secondary sexual characteristics?

Back 34

Testosterone

Front 35

What is the name of the female gonads?

Back 35

Ovaries

Front 36

What is the general term for the hormones (including estradiol) that supports follicle maturation and the growth of the uterine lining as well as producing female secondary sexual characteristics?

Back 36

Estrogens

Front 37

What is the general term for the hormones (including progesterone) produced by the corpus luteum (follicular cells that remain in the ovary after ovulation) that causes the uterus to prepare for implantation?

Back 37

Progestins

Front 38

What small endocrine gland is located on the posterior aspect of the diencephalon of the brain?

Back 38

Pineal Gland

Front 39

What hormone, produced by the pineal gland, regulates circadian rhythms and the onset of sexual maturity?

Back 39

Melatonin

Front 40

What hormones, produced by the heart, help lower blood pressure by stimulating the loss of water and sodium at the kidneys? (suppressing anti-diuretic hormone and aldosterone{the key mineralcorticoid})

Back 40

Atrial natriuretic peptide/Brain natriuretic peptide

Front 41

What hormone, produced by the kidney, stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow?

Back 41

Erythropoietin