Anatomy Digestive

Front 1

Match the components of the digestive system to their description.
Muscular tube from mouth to anus –

Back 1

Digestive Tract

Front 2

Match the components of the digestive system to their description.
Organs that do not form the tube but assist in digestion –

Back 2

Accessory Organs

Front 3

The bringing of food into the digestive tract

Back 3

Ingestion

Front 4

Physical breakdown of large particles

Back 4

Mechanical Processing

Front 5

Physical breakdown of large particles via chewing

Back 5

Mastification

Front 6

Physical breakdown of large particles via Stomach churning

Back 6

Maceration

Front 7

Physical breakdown of large particles via Intestinal Churning

Back 7

Segmentation

Front 8

Swallowing (voluntary and involuntary parts)

Back 8

Deglutition

Front 9

Propulsion of tube contents through coordinated contractions
of circular and longitudinal muscular layers

Back 9

Peristalsis

Front 10

Chemical and enzymatic breakdown of large molecules

Back 10

Chemical Digestion

Front 11

Production of acids, enzymes, and buffers

Back 11

Secretion

Front 12

Movement of nutrients across the digestive epithelium

Back 12

Absorption

Front 13

Inner, mucous membrane often with folds to increase surface area

Back 13

Mucosa

Front 14

Connective tissue layer enclosing glands, nerves, and vessels

Back 14

Submucosa

Front 15

Smooth muscle, generally two layers

Back 15

Muscularis (externa)

Front 16

Outer, 2 forms: serous, in the peritoneal cavity –
collagenous, outside the peritoneal cavity-

Back 16

Serosa (visceral peritoneum)
Adventitia

Front 17

What do we call thick rings of the circular layer of smooth muscle in these tubes that act as valves to control the movement of materials through the digestive tract?

Back 17

Sphincters

Front 18

What is the generic term for the double sheets of parietal peritoneum that encase areolar connective tissue, along with vessels and nerves, which stabilize the digestive tract?

Back 18

Mesentaries

Front 19

Match the specific mesenteries to their location.
*Between the liver and lesser curvature of the stomach

Back 19

Lesser Omentum

Front 20

Match the specific mesenteries to their location.
*B/W the greater curvature of the stomach and transverse colon, extending as an apron over the small intestines

Back 20

Greater Omentum

Front 21

Match the specific mesenteries to their location
*Attaching the loops of the small intestine to the body wall

Back 21

Mesentary proper

Front 22

Match the specific mesenteries to their location
*Attaching the large intestine to the body wall

Back 22

Mesocolon

Front 23

Match the technical term for the following oral cavity components to their description.
*Lips

Back 23

Labia

Front 24

Match the technical term for the following oral cavity components to their description.
*Gums

Back 24

Gingivae

Front 25

Match the technical term for the following oral cavity components to their description.
*Mucous membrane fold connecting tongue to floor of mouth

Back 25

Lingual Frenulum

Front 26

Match the technical term for the following oral cavity components to their description.
*Medial dangling portion of soft palate

Back 26

Uvula

Front 27

What is the function of the uvula?

Back 27

Prevents food from entering the pharynx prematurely

Front 28

Match the technical term for the following oral cavity components to their description.
*Entrance to the oropharynx

Back 28

Fauces

Front 29

Salivary Gland that is Inferior to the zygomatic arch, partially overlaying the masseter

Back 29

Parotid Salivary Glands

Front 30

Salivary Gland that is Floor of the mouth, just below tongue

Back 30

Sublingual salivary Glands

Front 31

Salivary glands that are on the Floor of the mouth, medial and inferior to the mandible (gleeking)

Back 31

Submandibular Salivary Glands

Front 32

Teeth layer of tissue that is Outer, hardest biological substance

Back 32

Enamel

Front 33

Teeth layer of tissue that is Bulk of tooth, mineralized matrix similar to bone –

Back 33

Dentine

Front 34

Teeth layer of tissue that is Inner, spongy and vascular, contains vessels and nerves

Back 34

Pulp Cavity

Front 35

What do we call the bony socket in which we find a tooth?

Back 35

Alveolus

Front 36

What do we call the portion of a tooth within the bony socket?

Back 36

Root

Front 37

What do we call the visible portion of the tooth, covered in enamel?

Back 37

Crown

Front 38

Type of tooth that is Blade/chisel-shaped in the front of the mouth, single root

Back 38

Incisors

Front 39

Type of tooth that is Conical, sharp, single root

Back 39

Cuspids or Canines

Front 40

Type of tooth that is Flattened crown with ridges, one or two roots

Back 40

Bicuspids

Front 41

Type of tooth that is Large, flattened crowns with 3+ roots

Back 41

Molars

Front 42

How many teeth are found in an adult with wisdom teeth?

Back 42

32

Front 43

How many teeth are found in the deciduous or baby set of teeth?

Back 43

20

Front 44

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Opposing tooth surface that faces the midline

Back 44

Mesial

Front 45

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Opposing tooth surface that faces the away from the midline

Back 45

Distal

Front 46

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Inner surface of tooth in upper row

Back 46

Palatal

Front 47

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Inner surface of tooth in lower row

Back 47

Lingual

Front 48

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Outer surface of tooth by cheeks

Back 48

Buccal

Front 49

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Outer surface of tooth by lips

Back 49

Labial

Front 50

Match the tooth surface to its description.
Surface where upper and lower teeth contact

Back 50

Occlusal

Front 51

How do we number the teeth?

Back 51

#1 is the upper right molar
#32 is the back, lower right molar
#16 is the back upper left molar
#17 is the back lower right molar

Front 52

What is the name of the common passageway for food and air?

Back 52

Pharynx

Front 53

What is the name of the muscular tube transports food from the pharynx to the stomach?

Back 53

Esophagus

Front 54

What is the name of the opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes?

Back 54

Esophageal Hiatus (site of hiatal hernias)

Front 55

What do we call the lower sphincter of the esophagus(between the esophagus and the stomach) that is associated with heart burn (also called the lower esophageal sphincter or gastroesophageal sphincter)?

Back 55

Cardiac Sphincter

Front 56

What J-shaped expansion of the digestive tract has an extra layer of smooth muscle (oblique) to assist in mechanical churning of food and glands that produce acid and a proteolytic enzyme?

Back 56

Stomach

Front 57

What ring of muscle regulates the flow of material from the stomach to the small intestine?

Back 57

Piloric Sphincter

Front 58

What do we call the soupy, acidic mixture of partially digested food that leaves the stomach?

Back 58

Chyme

Front 59

What part of the digestive tract plays the primary role in digestion and absorption of nutrients?

Back 59

Small intestine

Front 60

Level of structure that increases the surface area of the small intestine
Large, transverse folds, most apparent in jejunum –

Back 60

Plicae Circulares

Front 61

Level of structure that increases the surface area of the small intestine
Finger-like projections of inner mucous membrane with vessels

Back 61

Villi

Front 62

Level of structure that increases the surface area of the small intestine
Extensions of the plasma membrane on the epithelium

Back 62

Microvilli

Front 63

What do we call the lymphatic capillary within each finger-like projection of the intestinal wall that picks up lipids from the digestive tract?

Back 63

Lacteal

Front 64

Match the 3 regions of the small intestine to their description
*First, short, c-shaped (contains head of pancreas)

Back 64

Duodenum

Front 65

Match the 3 regions of the small intestine to their description
Second, longer, site of most absorption/most folds

Back 65

Jejunum

Front 66

Match the 3 regions of the small intestine to their description
Last, longest, fewer folds more lymphatic tissue

Back 66

Ileum

Front 67

What part of the digestive tract serves to reabsorb water, absorb vitamins, and store feces prior to defecation (it also has abundant goblet cells)?

Back 67

Large intestine

Front 68

What valve regulates the passage of materials from the small intestine into the large intestine?

Back 68

Ileocecal Valve

Front 69

What do we call the pouches of the large intestine that allow it to elongate?

Back 69

Haustra

Front 70

What do we call the 3 bands of longitudinal smooth muscle that help form Haustra?

Back 70

Taeniae Coli

Front 71

What do we call the globs of fat that attach to Taeniae Coli?

Back 71

Omental Appendices

Front 72

What expanded pouch forms the beginning of the large intestine?

Back 72

Cecum

Front 73

What slender, hollow organ dominated by lymphatic nodules comes off of this pouch?

Back 73

Appendix

Front 74

Match the portions of the colon to their location/description,
Travels superiorly on the right side of the abdomen

Back 74

Ascending Colon

Front 75

Match the portions of the colon to their location/description,
Curve to the left (between ascending and transverse)

Back 75

Hepatic Flexure or Right Colic Flexure

Front 76

Match the portions of the colon to their location/description,
Travels to the left across abdomen

Back 76

Transverse Colon

Front 77

Match the portions of the colon to their location/description,
Curve inferiorly (between transverse and descending)

Back 77

Splenic Flexure or Left Colic Flexure

Front 78

Match the portions of the colon to their location/description,
Travels inferiorly on the left side of the abdomen

Back 78

Descending Colon

Front 79

Match the portions of the colon to their location/description,
S-shaped, from iliac fossa to midline of lower abdomen

Back 79

Sigmoid Colon

Front 80

What final, expanded section of the large intestine triggers the defecation reflex when its walls are stretched by feces?

Back 80

Rectum

Front 81

What do we call the orifice at the end of the large intestine?

Back 81

Anus

Front 82

Anus sphincter which is Involuntary, smooth muscle

Back 82

Internal Anal Sphincter

Front 83

Anus sphincter which is Voluntary, skeletal muscle

Back 83

External Anal Sphincter

Front 84

What organ, the largest visceral organ in the body, is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen?

Back 84

Liver

Front 85

List the 3 general categories of liver function.

Back 85

Metabolic Regulation- Store/mobilize nutrients
Hematological Regulation- Reservoir/Filter/Synthesize Plasma Proteins
Synthesis & Secretion of Bile- Dilute/Buffer Chime, Emulsify (help lipids mix in water)

Front 86

List the four lobes of the liver (as indicated by superficial landmarks) and indicate the landmarks that help discriminate between the two minor lobes.

Back 86

Left
Right-Bigger
Quadrate-Gallbladder
Caudate-Inferior Vena Cava

Front 87

What piece of mesentery divides the left and right lobes anteriorly?

Back 87

Falciform Ligament

Front 88

What thickened inferior portion of the falciform ligament is the remains of the umbilical vein?

Back 88

Round Ligament of the liver or *Ligamentum Teres*

Front 89

What pear-shaped organ on the inferior aspect of the liver is a muscular sac for bile storage?

Back 89

Gallbladder

Front 90

What glandular organ, lying deep to the stomach, extends from the c-shaped section of the small intestine to the spleen?

Back 90

Pancreas

Front 91

Match the portion of the biliary apparatus to its description.
Collect bile from the liver’s lobes

Back 91

L & R Hepatic Ducts

Front 92

Match the portion of the biliary apparatus to its description.
Unites ducts from each lobe into a single duct

Back 92

Common Hepatic Duct

Front 93

Match the portion of the biliary apparatus to its description.
Carries bile to or from the gallbladderCarries bile to or from the gallbladder

Back 93

Cystic Duct

Front 94

Match the portion of the biliary apparatus to its description.
Carries bile from liver and gallbladder to intestines

Back 94

Common Bile Duct

Front 95

Match the portion of the biliary apparatus to its description.
Enlargement and valve where bile joins secretions from pancreas

Back 95

Hepatopancreatic Ampulla/Sphincter

Front 96

Match the portion of the biliary apparatus to its description.
Raised projection/opening into small intestine (duodenum)

Back 96

Major Duodenal Papilla