Anatomy - Deep Face

Front 1

Borders of temporal fascia (COA)

Back 1

POS-SUP: temporal lines
ANT: frontal and zygomatic bones
LAT: zygomatic arch
INF: infratemporal crest
Floor: pterion (4 bones)
Roof: temporal fascia

Front 2

Attatchments of temporal fascia (COA)

Back 2

SUP temporal line to LAT and MED surface of zygomatic arch

Front 3

Borders of infratemporal fossa (COA)

Back 3

LAT: ramus of mandible
MED: lateral ptyergoid plate
ANT: posterior aspect of maxilla
POS: mastoid and syloid processes
SUP: greater wing sphenoid
INF: where medial ptyergoid attatches to mandible near its angle

Front 4

Contents of infratemporal fossa

Back 4

INF part of temporalis mm, LAT and MED pterygoid mm, maxillary a, pterygoid venous plexus, otic ganglion
NERVES: mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal, chorda tympani

Front 5

Where is the pterygomaxillary fissure found and what does it contain?

Back 5

Vertical fissure that descends between the maxilla and lateral pterygoid plate (lateral view with mandible removed)
Pterygopalatine fossa and sphenopalatine foramen can be found here

Front 6

What is the sphenopalatine foramen?

Back 6

Foramen that connects nasal cavity with pterygopalatine fossa. Located between the palatine and sphenoid bones.

Front 7

What is TMJ made up of?

Back 7

Head of mandible (condylar process). Temporal bone = articular tubercle and postglenoid tubercle. Glenoid (mandibular) fossa and articular disc

Front 8

Movts at TMJ

Back 8

elevation/depression
protrusion/retrusion
lateral and medial gliding

Front 9

What ligament attaches to the lingula?

Back 9

Sphenomandibular

Front 10

What is mylohoid groove andl ine?

Back 10

Groove = mylohyoid vessels and nerves
Line = mm attatchment

Front 11

What travels through the mandibular foramen?

Back 11

Inferior alveolar n. and a.

Front 12

Branches of inferior alveolar nerve

Back 12

Auriculotemporal nerve and Mylohoid nerve before entering mandibular foramen. Form inferior dental plexus and mental N. Inf dental plexus gives sensory to teeth

Front 13

How is the TMJ joint split into 2 separte synovial joints?

Back 13

The articular disc, attatched to the interior of the joint capsule = sup and inf synovial membranes

Front 14

Ligaments of TMJ

Back 14

Lateral temporomandibular lig
Stylomandibular lig
Sphenomandibular lig

Front 15

Attatchment and movt restriction for lateral temporomandibular lig

Back 15

Thinkening of joint capsule. Attatches to zygomatic part of temporal bone and condyloid process. Prevent posterior dislocation

Front 16

Attatchemtn and movt restricton for sylomandibular lig

Back 16

styloid process to angle of manidble. Restrict protrusion and depression

Front 17

Attatchment and mobt restriction for sphenomandibular lig

Back 17

sphenoid to lingula. Prevents protrusion and depression

Front 18

Movt of TMJ with slight jaw opening vs. wide jaw opening

Back 18

Slight = rotation of head of condyle
Wide = protraction of condyle along with depression of mandible (rotation too?)

Front 19

Masseter OINF

Back 19

O: zygomatic arch
I: lat surface of mandibular ramus
N: V3
F: ALL: elevates mandible
Superficial: protrude mandible
Deep: pulls jaw laterally

Front 20

Temporalis OINF

Back 20

O: floor of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporal fascia
I: coronoid process
N: V3
F: elevates mandible, pos fibers retrude mandible

Front 21

Medial pterygoid OINF

Back 21

O: Superficial: tuberosity of maxilla
Deep: medial surface of lat pterygoid plate
I: Medial surface of ramus of mandible/angle, inferior to mandibular foarmen
N: V3
F: elevates and protrudes mandible (bilateral)
Unilaterally protrusion

Front 22

Lateral pterygoid OINF

Back 22

O: superior head: greater wing spehnoid. Inferior head: lat surface of lat pterygoid plate
I: superior head: articular disc of TMJ capsule Inferior head: pterygoid fovea
N: V3
F: protrudes mandible (sup head), depresses chin (inf head), moves mandible laterally (unilateral)

Front 23

mm of mandibular protrusion

Back 23

masseter (superficial), lateral pterygoid (sup head), medial pterygoid

Front 24

mm of mandibular elevation

Back 24

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

Front 25

mm of mandibular depression

Back 25

lateral pterygoid (inf head) and anterior belly of digastric

Front 26

mm of mandibular lateral movt

Back 26

masseter (deep) and lateral ptergoid

Front 27

Where does mandibular N exit through and what does it split into

Back 27

Foramen ovale and splits into a smaller anterior division and a larger posterior division (both with sensory and motor components)

Front 28

Branches of Anterior Division of V3

Back 28

Becomes masseteric nerve then gives off deep temporal nerves (to temporalis m) and Buccal N (sensory to cheek and 2nd and 3rd molar teeth)

Front 29

Branches of Posterior Division of V3

Back 29

2 main ones are Lingual N and Inf alveolar N. Auriculotemporal N branches off inf alveolar N superiorly. N to mylohyoid branches of inf alveolar inferiorly. Chorda tympani (VII) branches off lingual N.

Front 30

What does the lingual N innervate?

Back 30

Sensation from ANT 2/3 of tounge. Floor of mouth and gums anteriorly (?)

Front 31

Innervation of chorda tympani N (VII)

Back 31

Hitches a ride with lingual N to supply taste to ANT 2/3 of tounge. Also carries secretomotor fibers for submandibular and sublingual glands.

Front 32

What does auriculotemporal N loop around and what does it supply?

Back 32

Loops around middle meningeal a. and supplies sensory innervation to aurical and temporal region

Front 33

Fxt of otic ganglion

Back 33

CN IX synapses here, and postganglionic axons travel to the parotid gland.

Front 34

What ganglion does the sensory root of V3 use?

Back 34

Semilunar ganglion

Front 35

What does auriculotemporal N loop around and what does it supply?

Back 35

Loops around middle meningeal a. and supplies sensory innervation to aurical and temporal region

Front 36

What does CN IX innervate?

Back 36

otic ganglion and special sensory to post 1/3 of tounge.

Front 37

Fxt of otic ganglion

Back 37

CN IX synapses here, and postganglionic axons travel to the parotid gland.

Front 38

What ganglion does the sensory root of V3 use?

Back 38

Semilunar ganglion

Front 39

Smalle branches off posterior division of V3

Back 39

Nerve to tensor veli palatini
Nerve to tensor tympani
Nerve to medial pterygoid

Front 40

What does CN IX innervate?

Back 40

otic ganglion and special sensory to post 1/3 of tounge.

Front 41

Smalle branches off posterior division of V3

Back 41

Nerve to tensor veli palatini
Nerve to tensor tympani
Nerve to medial pterygoid

Front 42

Deep branches of maxillary artery (in order)

Back 42

Inf Alveolar a, medial and lateral pterygoid a, deep temporal a, infraorbital a, alveolar a (ant, mid, pos superior)
EVEN DEEPER: sphenopalatine a and descending palatine artery

Front 43

3 divisions of the maxillary artery and branches

Back 43

Divided by lat pterygoid m. First (mandibular): middle meningeal a and inf alveolar a Second (pterygoid): deep temporal arteries and med/lat pterygoid arteries Third (pterygoid-palatine): Infra-orbital a, pos sup alveolar a, descending palatine a, sphenopalatine a

Front 44

In general, what do the 3 divisions of the maxillary artery supply?

Back 44

First (mandibular): mandible and lower teeth
Second (pterygoid): masseter/buccal/TMJ region
Third (pterygoid-palatine): eye, palate, face

Front 45

What does INF alveolar a. supply?

Back 45

mandible, lower teeth, chin

Front 46

What does deep temporal a. supply?

Back 46

Mainly muscle - temporalis

Front 47

What does infraorbital a supply?

Back 47

inferior oblique and rectus mm, lacrimal sac

Front 48

What do ANT, MID, POS superior alveolar arteries supply?

Back 48

maxillary teeth

Front 49

Path of middle meningeal a. and what does it supply

Back 49

branches off first part of maxillary a, thru foramen spinosum to supply periosteum, bone, red bone marrow, trigeminal ganglion, facial N

Front 50

Path of sphenopalatine a. and what does it supply?

Back 50

branch of third part of maxillary a, thru sphenopalatine foramen to supply nasal canal

Front 51

Path of descending palatine a and what does it supply?

Back 51

brancho f third part of maxillar a, thru palatine canal to supply mucosa and glands o hard and soft palate

Front 52

what is the pterygoid plexus?

Back 52

large venous plexus between lat ptyergoid and temporalis mm. Receives facial v, inferior ophthalmic v, angular v and drains into maxillary veins, which drain into retromandibular vein which drain into EJV

Front 53

2 articular cavities of atlanto-axial joint

Back 53

Anterior btw dens and anterior arch of atlas
Posterior btw dens and transverse ligament