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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
4 types of sensory receptors |
chemoreceptors thermoreceptors mechanoreceptors / proprioceptors pain receptors / nociceptors |
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mechanoreceptors / proprioceptors function |
sensory receptors specifically designed ti determine changes in tension, length, pressure, and position. |
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muscle spinde |
senses changes in the muscle fiber length at rest |
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stretch reflex |
an immediate reflexive contraction in response to increased tension in the muscle a proportionate response in force |
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golgi tendon organs |
senses increases in tension at the musculotendonous junction during contractions it causes very slow reflexive relaxation during increased stress ( about 8 seconds ) over rides the muscle |
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what happens during a stretch |
if the muscle is passively stretched it's muscle tension is increased, so the spindles fire causing the stretch reflex. but the stretch reflex increases tension in the musculotendon junction which stimulates the golgi tendon organs which cause a reflexive relaxation. |
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ballistic stretching |
involves rapid, bouncing type contractions of a prime mover to stretch the antagonist *no one does this - can lead to injury* |
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static stretching |
involves long-duration (about 8 seconds) passive stretching of a muscle to gain a stretch |
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hold relax |
involves actively contracting a prine mover to relax the antagonist (reciprocal inhibition). The prime mover then holds the position of stretch |
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contract relax |
involves passively moving to a position of stretch holding for a set period of time (8 sec) applying a brief isometric contraction of the stretched muscle and then relaxing into a new position of the stretch |
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autogenic inhibition |
contract relax stretching it jump starts the golgi tendon |
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what is the best stretching method what is the worst stretching method |
B: dynamic stretching W: ballistic stretching |
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dynamic stretching |
stretching movement of elongating and shortening through a range ( does not have to be fast) without a static hold.
- good for strains |
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what type of stretching yiedls the greatest increases in range of motion? |
contract relax |
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what are pain receptors / nociceptors |
sensory receptors specifically designed to determine pain (damaging stimuli or tissue damage) |
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proteoglycans |
a intracellular messenger |
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pain modulation |
think ice recall the function of an afferent/sensory nerve! |
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pain modulation: via signal intensity |
* |
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pain modulation: via gate control mechanism |
* |