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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tight junctions
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Cant be broken unless the cell is destroyed. Lipids.
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Desmosomes
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bind cells together.
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Hemidesmosomes
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connect cells to connective tissue.
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Gap Junctions
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nutrients and fluids can pass between cells
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functions of epithelia
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physical protection, control permeability, provide sensation, produce special secretions
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features of epithelia
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cellularity, polarity, attachment, avascular, regeneration
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cellularity
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closely packed cells with little extracellular material
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polarity
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have apical and basal surfaces
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attachment
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basal surface attached to the basement membrane
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avascular
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without blood vessels
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regeneration
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rapid cell division
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Endothelium
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lines heart and blood vessels
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Mesothelium
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lines thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities and covers organs within them
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Simple Squamous
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lines cavities, lines heart, blood vessels
reduces friction, controls permeability, absorption, and secretion |
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Stratified Squamous
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surface of the skin, lining of the mouth and throat, rectum, anus, vagina
protection against abrasion, pathogens, and chemical attack |
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Keratin
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a waterproof protein that is resistant to friction and helps repel bacteria
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Simple Cuboidal
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glands, ducts, thyroid gland
protection, secretion, absorption |
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Stratified Cuboidal
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lining of some ducts (rare)
protection, secretion, absorption |
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Simple Columnar
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lining of stomach, intestines, urinary tubes
protection, secretion, absorption |
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Stratified Columnar
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pharynx, mammary glands
protection |
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Pseudostratified
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nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi
protection, secretion |
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transitional
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bladder, ureter
permits expansion and recoil after stretching |
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Exocrine glands
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secrete their products into ducts
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Endocrine glands
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release their secretions into interstitial fluid
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merocrine
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cells release their products by exocytosis
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apocrine
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upper part of the cell pinches off and dies
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holocrine
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whole cell dies and ruptures to release their products
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Superficial fascia
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areolar and adipose tissue.
between skin and organs fat |
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deep fascia
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dense irregular
internal framework connective tissue, muscles, and bones |
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subserous fascia
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areolar tissue
between membranes holds organs in place |
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3 basic elements of connective tissue
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cells
ground substance fibers |
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3 fibers
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collagen fibers
elastic fibers reticular fibers |
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Ground Substance
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unstructured material that fills space
supports, binds, provides medium for the exchange between blood and cells, influences cell functions |
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Areolar
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all 3 types of fibers
gelatinous diffusion for nutrients and wastes, support, padding, universal packing material |
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Adipose
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fat storage droplet
heat, energy storage, protection |
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Reticular Connective tissue
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network of fibers and cells that produce framework of an organ. Holds organs together.
liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow |
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Dense Connective Tissue
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contains more numerous and thicker fibers and fewer cells.
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Dense Regular
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bundles of collagen fibers and fibroblasts.
forms tendons, ligaments, and aponeuroses. provides strong attachment |
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Dense Irregular
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collagen fibers are irregularly arranged. tissue can resist tension from any direction.
whites of the eyeballs, dermis of the skin |
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Sense Elastic
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elastic fibers and fibroblasts
lungs, walls of the arteries, trachea allows stretching of various organs |
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Blood
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clotting, immune functions, carry oxygen and CO2
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lymph
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interstitial fluid being transported by lymphatic vessels.
Moves cells and substances from one part of the body to another |
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Cartilage
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rubbery ground substance.
surrounded by perichondrium. |
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chondrocytes
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only cells in cartilage
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lacunae
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spaces or chambers in the matrix
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Hyaline
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chondrocytes sit in spaces called lacunae
no blood vessels or nerves. Repair is slow. |
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fibrocartilage
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many more collagen fibers causes rigidity and stiffness.
Strongest type of cartilage |
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elastic cartilage
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elastic fibers help maintain shape after deformations.
Ear nose and vocal chords |
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Interstitial growth
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chondrocytes replicate. young children.
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Appositional growth
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chondrocytes do not replicate. Increases width.
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Bone
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calcium is added to cartilage.
protects, provides movement, stores minerals, site of blood formation |
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Muscle tissue
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highly cellular, well-vascularized, modified for contraction.
skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
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neural tissue
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