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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bones of the Arm
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Humerus! That's right, just the humerus!
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Bones of the Forearm
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Radius and Ulna
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Humerus
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The only bone in the arm.
Articulates with the clavicle, radius, and ulna. Contains the head, greater and lesser tubercles, intertubercular groove, deltoid tuberosity, trochlea, capitulum, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, radial groove, and epicondyles. |
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Head of the Humerus
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Smooth, hemispherical process at the proximal end of the humerus. Fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
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Anatomical Neck of the Humerus
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A slight constriction just inferior to the head of the humerus. Appears like a line gouged around the bottom of the head.
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Greater Tubercle of the Humerus
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Large bump on the lateral, anterior side of the head of the humerus.
Muscles attach here. |
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Lesser Tubercle of the Humerus
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Large bump on the anterior aspect of the humerus, JUST lateral to the head. It is the more medial bump of the pair.
Muscles attach here. |
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Intertubercular Groove/Intertubercular Sulcus (Humerus)
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Groove between the lesser and greater tubercles of the humerus which guides a tendon of the biceps muscle of the arm to its attachment point at the rim of the glenoid cavity.
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Surgical Neck of the Humerus
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Constriction below the bulbous proximal end of the humerus.
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Deltoid Tuberosity
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Bump on the lateral edge of the humerus, about halfway down the bone.
Roughened attachment site for the deltoid muscle. |
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Radial Groove
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Line running obliquely down the posterior aspect of the humerus's shaft.
Marks the course of the radial nerve. |
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Trochlea (Humerus)
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Medial condyle where the ulna will attach to the humerus. Flat, smooth portion on the distal end of the humerus.
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Capitulum
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Ball-like medial condyle at the distal end of the humerus, where the radius articulates.
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Medial Epicondyle
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Bump on the medial side of the distal end of the humerus, directly above the trochlea.
Muscles attach here. |
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Lateral Epicondyle
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Bump on the lateral side of the distal end of the humerus, just above the capitulum.
Muscles attach here. |
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Coronoid Fossa (Humerus)
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Depression superior to the trochlea on the anterior surface of the humerus, roughly centered on the bone.
Allows the coronoid process of the ulna to move freely when the elbow is flexed/extended. |
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Olecranon Fossa
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Depression superior to the trochlea on the posterior surface of the humerus. Centered between the lateral and medial epicondyles.
Allows the olecranon process of the ulna to move freely when the elbow is flexed/extended. |
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Radial Fossa
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Small depression lateral to the coronoid fossa.
Receives the head of the radius when the elbow is flexed. |
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Lateral Supracondylar Ridge (Humerus)
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Ridge along the lateral surface of the humerus, just above the lateral epicondyle.
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Medial Supracondylar Ridge (Humerus)
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Ridge along the medial side of the humerus, just superior to the medial epicondyle.
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Ulna
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Medial, slightly longer bone of the forearm.
Forms the elbow joint with the humerus. Articulates with the radius and the humerus. Does not articulate with the carpals. Contains the coronoid process, olecranon process, radial notch, trochlear notch, styloid process, and head. |
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Olecranon Process
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"Elbow"
Largest, most proximal and prominent process of the ulna. Anterior concavity grips the trochlea of the humerus and locks into the olecranon fossa when the forearm is fully extended. |
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Coronoid Process (Ulna)
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Jutting process anterior and inferior to the olecranon process of the ulna.
Grips the trochlea of the humerus. |
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Trochlear Notch (Ulna)
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Deep concavity of the anterior side of the olecranon process that separates it from the coronoid process on the ulna.
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Radial Notch (Ulna)
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Small depression on the lateral side of the coronoid process where the ulna articulates with the head of the radius.
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Head of the Ulna
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Knoblike process at the DISTAL end of the ulnar shaft.
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Styloid Process (Ulna)
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Point of bone jutting inferiorly from the head of the ulna.
A ligament connects from this point on the ulna to the wrist. |
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Interosseous Membrane
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Membrane between the radius and the ulna.
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Radius
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Lateral, shorter bone of the forearm. Thin at the proximal end and wider distally.
Articulates with the humerus, ulna, and carpals (scaphoid and lunate only!). Contains the radial tuberosity, styloid process, head, and ulnar notch. |
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Head of the Radius
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Knob of bone resembling the head of a nail at the proximal end of the radius.
The superior surface is concave and articulates with the capitulum of the humerus. |
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Neck of the Radius
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Constriction of the radius just below the head.
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Radial Tuberosity
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Rough bump on the medial side of the radius, just inferior to the head.
Anchors the biceps muscle. |
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Ulnar Notch
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Medial depression on the distal end of the radius where the head of the ulna articulates.
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Styloid Process (Radius)
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Downward jutting projection of bone on the distal tip of the radius.
Anchors ligaments that run from the radius to the wrist and contributes a concave shape to the radius where it articulates with the carpal bones of the wrist. |
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Proximal Radioulnar Joint
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Point where the head of the radius articulates with the radial notch of the ulna.
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Distal Radioulnar Joint
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Point where the head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius.
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Hand
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Contains the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
Articulates only with the radius, at the carpals (scaphoid and lunate only). |
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Carpals (Bones of the Carpus)
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(Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle)
Most distal bones of the hand. "Wrist bones." Proximal Row, Thumb to Pinky (Curves toward the fingers): Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform Distal Row, Thumb to Pinky (straight across): Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate |
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Scaphoid
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Most lateral carpal of the proximal row.
Large and oblong. S shaped on the right hand, Z shaped on the left. Distal to the radius, proximal to the trapezoid and trapezium. Articulates with the radius. |
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Lunate
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Walnut-shaped carpal just medial to the scaphoid. Distal to the distal radioulnar joint and proximal to the capitate and hamate.
Articulates with the radius. |
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Triquetral
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Curving carpal medial/distal to the lunate which seems to hug the pisiform like a gemstone in a setting. Proximal to the hamate.
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Pisiform
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Most medial carpal of the proximal row. "Gemstone" hugged by the triquetral "housing."
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Trapezium
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Most lateral carpal of the distal row. Somewhat triangular in shape. Distal to the scaphoid.
Articulates with the first metacarpal. |
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Trapezoid
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Second most lateral carpal of the distal row. Medial to the trapezium and lateral to the capitate. Distal to the scaphoid.
Articulates with the second metacarpal. |
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Capitate
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Large, rectangular carpal that seems to stand on its short end. Middle carpal of the distal row. Medial to the trapezoid and lateral to the hamate.
Articulates with the third metacarpal. |
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Hamate
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Most medial carpal of the distal row. Somewhat heart shaped.
Articulates with the fourth and fifth metacarpals. |
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Metacarpals (Bones of the Metacarpus)
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Long bones of the palm numbered 1-5 with 1 being the thumb end.
The bases articulate with the carpals proximally and with the neighboring metacarpals laterally/medially. The heads (knuckles) articulate with the proximal phalanges of the fingers. |
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Phalanges
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14 long bones making up the fingers/digits of the upper limb.
Consist of proximal, middle, and distal phalanges, with the exception of the pollex which has no middle phalanx. Proximal phalanges articulate with metacarpals and middle phalanges. Middle phalanges articulate with proximal and distal phalanges. Distal phalanges articulate with middle phalanges. (Exception: pollex. Distal and proximal phalanges articulate). |
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Pollex
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Thumb.
Consists of distal and proximal phalanges (no middle phalanx!), which articulate with each other. Proximal phalanx articulates with metacarpal 1. |