Anatomy Chapter 15

Front 1

part of brain where...
-conscious thought processes, intellectual function occur
- memory storage and processing
-conscious and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions
- makes up the bulk of the brain

Back 1

cerebrum

Front 2

what are the 2 parts of the diencephalon?

Back 2

1. hypothalamus
2. thalamus

Front 3

this section of the diencephalon is the relay and processing center for sensory information
- principle relay center- sensory
-coordinates motor activities
-integrates sensory and motor pathways

Back 3

thalamus

Front 4

this section of the diencephalon
- controls involuntary somatic motor activities
-controls autonomic function
- coordinates nervous and endocrine activities
-secretes hormones
- produces emotions and behavioral drives
-coordinates voluntary and autonomic function
-regulate body temp
-control circadian cycles

Back 4

hypothalamus

Front 5

in this section of the brain
-processing of visual and auditory data
- generation of reflexive somatic motor responses

Back 5

mesencephalon

Front 6

this section of the brain relays information to cerebellum
- relays info to and from cerebrak cortex
- modifies respiratory centers in the medulla

Back 6

pons

Front 7

this section of the brain connects brain to spinal cord
- cardiovascular center
-regulates heart rate
-respiratory center
-sets pace of respiratory movements

Back 7

medulla oblongata

Front 8

this section of brain coordinates motor

Back 8

cerebellum

Front 9

these are the hills of the brain

Back 9

gyri

Front 10

these are the valleys of the brain

Back 10

sulci

Front 11

what does the central sulcus separate?

Back 11

frontal lobe and parietal lobe

Front 12

what does the lateral fissure separate?

Back 12

frontal lobe and temporal lobe

Front 13

this is the outermost layer of meningeal layer; tough mother; has folds that stabilize position of the brain

Back 13

dura mater

Front 14

is a fold of dura mater that projects between the cerebral hemispheres in the longitudinal fissure. Its inferior portions attach to the crista galli (anteriorly) and the internal occipital crest and tentorium cerebelli

Back 14

falx cerebri

Front 15

this is produced by choroid plexus capillaries and ependymal cells
- circulates around CNS
- cushions and supports the CNS
- transports nutrients, waste products

Back 15

cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

Front 16

this supports and protects the 2 occipital lobes of cerebrum; transverse sinus lies within it

Back 16

tentorium cerebelli

Front 17

this divides the 2 cerebellar hemispheres; contains occipital sinus

Back 17

falx cerebelli

Front 18

this lies between dura mater and pia mater. is in contact with neural tissue of the brain. spiderlike, covers sulci

Back 18

arachnoid mater

Front 19

attached to surface countours of the brain; lines sulci; underneath arachnoid mater . acts as floor to support large cerebral blood vessels; follows closely the gyri

Back 19

pia mater

Front 20

this isolates brain tissue from general circulation; maintained by astrocytes; selective in what is allowed into brain tissue (allows glucose, oxygen, CO2 to cross from vessels to brain tissue)
- intact throughout CNS

except:
hypothalamus: hormones
pineal gland: secretions
diencephalon: choroid plexus 4th ventricle

Back 20

blood brain barrier

Front 21

this lobe controls conscious control of skeletal muscles

Back 21

frontal lobe

Front 22

this lobe controls conscious perceptions of touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature, and taste

Back 22

parietal lobe

Front 23

this lobe controls conscious perception of visual stimuli

Back 23

occipital lobe

Front 24

this lobe controls conscious perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli

Back 24

temporal lobe

Front 25

these gyrus form the posterior margin of the central sulcus and its surface contains primary sensory cortex. receive sensory information

Back 25

postcentral gyrus

Front 26

these gyrus form the anterior margin of the central sulcus and its surface receives motor information

Back 26

precentral gyrus

Front 27

area of brain that is for regions of the cerebrum involved with integration of sensory or motor information.. they interpret sensory input and help coordinate motor output

Back 27

association area

Front 28

how is white and gray matter organized in the brain?

Back 28

gray matter (neurons) on the outside and white matter (associated axons) on the inside

Front 29

connects lobes of cerebrum

Back 29

corpus callosum

Front 30

these fibers ocnnect cerebral cortex to diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord

Back 30

projection fibers

Front 31

this association region of cerebral cortex is found in premotor area in frontal lobe; provides coordination of learned motor activites

Back 31

somatic motor association area

Front 32

this association region is found in parietal lobe and integrates and interprets sensations concerning size and shape

Back 32

somatic sensory association area

Front 33

this association region is found in occipital lobe and allows for recognition and interpretation of the written word

Back 33

visual association area

Front 34

this integrative region of cerebral cortex is found in frontal lobe, has extensive connections to other cortical areas, involved in complicated learning with and reasoning functions, emotions, motivation, intellectual and abstract thinking, generates frustration, tension, and anxiety

Back 34

prefrontal association area/ cortex

Front 35

this integrative region of cerebral cortex is in parietal and temporal lobes
- receives info from all sensory association areas
- only found in one hemisphere (usually left)
- provides ability to understand what is read and heard

Back 35

general interpretive area (gnostic area)

Front 36

this integrative region of cerebral cortex is found in frontal lobe, usually on left side
- regulates patterns of breathing and vocalization needed for normal speech
- motor

Back 36

speech area- broca's speech area

Front 37

how is the speech center (Broca's area) and general interpretive area (gnostic area) connected?

Back 37

white matter

Front 38

made up of
- caudate nucleus
- putamen
-globus pallidus deep

functions
- control muscle tone
-coordination of learned activites

Back 38

basal nuclei

Front 39

part of mesencephalon
-regulates activity in basal nuclei

Back 39

substansia nigra