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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Neuroglia/Glial Cells
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Cells which support the neurons, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, and satellite cells
Act as protectors, phagocytes, myelinators, play a role in capillary-neuron exchanges, and control the chemical environment around neurons. Non-excitable. |
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Microglia
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Small, ovoid cells with relatively long "thorny" processes. Act as macrophages/immune response cells of CNS.
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Astrocytes
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Most abundant glial cells. "Star shaped". Support/brace neurons and anchor them to their nutrient supply lines (capillaries).
CNS cells. |
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Oligodendrocytes
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Glial cells which line up along the thicker neuron fibres in the CNS and wrap their processes tightly around the fibres, forming insulating myelin sheaths.
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Ependymal Cells
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Ciliated glial cells of the CNS. Line the central cavities of the brain and the spinal cord, where they form a barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid and the tissue fluid bathing the cells of the CNS. Help circulate cerebrospinal fluid.
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Satellite Cells
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PNS glial cells which surround neuron cell bodies within ganglia. Function unknown.
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Schwann Cells
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Glial cells which surround and form myelin sheaths around the larger nerve fibres in the PNS.
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Neurons
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Structural units of nervous tissue, specialized to transmit messages from one part of the body to another.
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Nuclei
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Clusters of neuronal cell bodies within the CNS.
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Ganglia
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Collections of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS.
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White Matter
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Myelinated regions of brain/nervous tissue
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Grey Matter
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Unmyelinated regions of brain/nervous tissue.
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Tracts
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Neuronal processes within the CNS.
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Nerves
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Neuronal processes within the PNS.
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Neurofibrils
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Cytoskeletal elements of the neuron.
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Nissl Bodies
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rER of neurons. (Dark splotches in cell body)
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Dendrites
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Receptive neuronal processes, usually shorter and highly branched.
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Axons
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Neuronal processes which act as transmitters and nerve impulse generators. Usually very long and unbranching.
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Collaterals
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Branching parts of the one axon per neuron.
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