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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which bones are longer than they are wide
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long bones
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an example of this bone is humerus and fingers
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long bones
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which bones are cubed shaped
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short bones
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examples of these bones are wrist and ankle
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short bones
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these bones are thin, flattened, a bit curved
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flat bones
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examples of these bones are sternum, ribs, scapula, and skull
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flat bones
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these bones are complicated shapes
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irregular bones
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examples of these bones are vertebra, hip bones
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irrectular bones
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these bones are special type of short bones that forms within a tendon
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sesmoid bone
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example of these bones are patella
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sesmoid bone
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one function of bones
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support--support body
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second function of bones is
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Protection--protects organs,brain, spinal cord
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third function of bones is
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movement--skeletal muscles use bones to move the body
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fourth function of the bone is
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mineral storage--reservoir for minerals/mostly calcium and phosphate
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fifth function of the bone is
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blood cell formation--hematopoiesis occurs within the red marrow found in spongy bone
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covers external surface of the bone
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Periosteum
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contain osteon, contains blood vessels
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compact bone
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supports bones
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spongy bones
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childhood disease/vitamin d deficiency
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rickets
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bones are soft and weak/ minerals are not deposited in bone
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osteomalacia
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bone resorption out paces bone deposit/calcium deficiency resulting in brittle bones
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osteoporosis
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a unit of heredity that controls the development of one trait
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gene
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made of DNA
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gene
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a gene exists in alternate forms
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allele
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member of a paired gene
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allele
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one allele comes from each parent
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allele
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trait that masks the other
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dominant
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dominant alleles are expressed
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dominant
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massed trait
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recessive
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not expressed in the presence of a dominant allele
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recessive
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two identical alleles
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homozygous
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AA or aa
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homozygous
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two different alleles
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heterozygous
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Aa
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heterozygous
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genetic make up
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genotype
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respresented by alleles
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geneotype
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the outward expression of the genotype
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phenotype
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chromosomes of the same pair
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homologous chromosones
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two different alleles are both dominant
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codominant
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a display or picture of 23 pairs of chromosones
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karyotype
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a normal chromosome number
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uploid
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not atrue set of chromosomes when you have less than 23 chromosomes
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aneuploid
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extra complete set of chromosomes
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polyploidy
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missing one chromosome
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monosomy
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extra one chromosomes
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trisomy
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chromosome #23
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sex chromosome
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chromosomes 1-22
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autosomes
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is a change in a sequence of DNA/causes an abnormal trait
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mutation
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trisomy 21/mental retardation
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down syndrome
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only one x chromosome/person does not go through puberty
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turner syndrome
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extra x chromosomes/low intelligence
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Klinefleter syndrome
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extra Y chromosome/causes men to be violent and aggressive
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Jacobs syndrome
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a weakness in the X chromosome/causes mental retardation w/characteristic long face
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Fragile X syndrome
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slow blood clotting/X-linked recessive disease
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Hemophilia
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skin does not produce pigment melanin
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albinism
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red blood cells are fragile and bend into sickle shapes
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sickle cell Anemia
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inherit too many, or too few opsin genes
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color blindness
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a diagram of gametes/shows genotype and phenotype ratios
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punnett square
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single gene inheritance/monohybird cross
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mendels first law of gene segregation
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