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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The greater occipital nerve comes from...
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the dorsal ramus of spinal nerve C2
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The terminal end of the greater occipital nerve runs with the terminal end of the...
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occipital artery
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The third occipital nerve comes from...
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the dorsal ramus of spinal nerve C3
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The third occipital nerve is (inferior/superior) to the greater occipital nerve.
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inferior. It comes from the dorsal rami of spinal nerve C3, which is below spinal nerve C2 of the greater occipital
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The suboccipital triangle is deep to what muscle?
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Semispinalis capitis (a transversrospinalis muscle)
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The sub-occipital triangle is formed by what 3 muscles, going clock-wise?
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-rectus capitis posterior major
-obliqqus capitis superior -obliqqus capitis inferior RO |
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What small muscle lies medial to the sub-occipital triangle?
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the rectus capitis posterior minor
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The sub-occipital triangle is important because it contains what 3 structures?
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-atlas, posterior arch
-vertebral artery -suboccipital nerve |
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What's ROSAV?
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Rectus capitis posterior major
Obliqqus posterior superior Obliqquis posterior inferior Suboccipital nerve Atlas, posterior arch Vertebral artery |
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What is the origin of rectus capitis posterior major (medial border of the suboccipital triangle)?
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spinous process of C2 (axis). Rectus rhymes with spinous
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What is the nerve supply of the rectus capitis posterior major (medial border of the SOT)?
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suboccipital nerve/dorsal ramus of C1 (think sub-occipital triangle, ROSAV).
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What is the insertion of the rectus capitis posterior major?
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inferior nuchal line
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What is the blood supply for the rectus capitis posterior muscle?
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the occipital artery (think sub-occipital triangle)
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What is the origin and insertion of the obliqqus capitis superior?
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-origin: transverse process of atlas (C1)
-insertion: between superior and inferior nuchal lines |
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What is the nerve supply of the obliqqus capitis superior muscle?
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suboccipital nerve/dorsal ramus of C1 (it's part of the suboccipital triangle)
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What is the blood supply for the obliqqus capitis superior muscle?
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occipital artery (it forms the suboccipital triangle)
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What is the origin and insertion of the obliqqus capitis inferior muscle?
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-origin: spinous process of axis (C2)
-insertion: transverse process of axis (C1) |
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What is the nerve supply of the obliqqus capitis inferior muscle?
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suboccipital nerve/dorsal ramus of C1 (think suboccipital triangle) AND greater occipital nerve/dorsal ramus of C2. It's the only one of the 3 that has 2 innervations, and that's because it's the only one out of the 3 that spans 2 vertebrae.
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What is the blood supply of the obliqqus capitis inferior?
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occipital artery (think suboccipital triangle)
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What is the blood supply, innervation, and origin/insertion of the rectus capitis posterior minor (not a suboccipital triangle muscle)?
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-blood supply: occipital artery
-innervation: suboccipital nerve -origin: posterior tubercle of C1 (atlas) -insertion: inferior nuchal line |
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What’s an easy way to remember the innervations of the 3 suboccipital triangle muscles, as well as the rectus capitis posterior minor?
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They are all innervated by the SUBOCCIPITAL NERVE/dorsal ramus of C1 except for the obliqqus posterior inferior. The obliqqus posterior inferior spans the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2), so it’s innervated by the dorsal ramus of C2 (greater occipital nerve) as well as the suboccipital nerve of C1.
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What’s an easy way to remember the blood supply of the 3 suboccipital triangle muscles, as well as the rectus capitis posterior minor?
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ALL 4 muscles get their blood supply from the OCCIPITAL ARTERY
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What’s an easy way to remember the origins and insertions of the 3 suboccipital triangle muscles?
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Start at the rectus capitis posterior major, which originates at the spinous (rectus rhymes with spinous) process of C2. It then goes to the inferior nuchal line. That’s where the next successive muscle starts: the obliqqus posterior superior. That muscle inserts onto the transverse process of C1. That’s where the next successive muscle attaches: the obliqqus posterior inferior. That muscle attaches back onto the spinous process of C1. So it’s like a circle: spinous process of C2 > rectus capitis posterior major > inferior nuchal line > obliqqus capitis posterior superior > transverse process of C1 > obliqqus capitis posterior inferior > back to the spinous process of C2
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How do you remember the origin and insertion of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
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Well, it's above the suboccipital triangle's rectus capitis posterior major... Since that muscle attaches to the spinous process of C2, the minor muscle must attach to the spinous process of C1. C1 doesn't have a spinous process though--it has a posterior tubercle. It then inserts onto the inferior nuchal line above it.
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How do you remember that the suboccipital nerve comes from which vertebrae?
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subocciptial is 1 word, so it comes from C1.
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How do you remember that the greater occipital nerve comes from which vertebrae?
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greater occipital is 2 words, so it comes from C2.
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The greater occipital nerve supplies which muscle in the suboccipital triangle?
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the obliqqus capitis inferior
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When the greater occipital nerve divides into medial and lateral branches, the medial branch becomes the...
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subcutaneous nerve supplying the scalp
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When the greater occipital nerve divides into medial and lateral branches, the medial branch supplies which muscles?
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-semispinalis capitis
-splenius capitis -longissimus capitis (all the deep superficial muscles of the suboccipital region) |
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The third occipital nerve is the dorsal ramus of...
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C3
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The third occipital nerve pierces which muscle to end up medial to the greater occipital nerve?
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trapezius
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The right brachiocephalic trunk divides into the...
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-right subclavian
-right common carotid artery |
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Both common carotid arteries divide into
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-external carotid (face and neck)
-internal carotid (skull and brain) |
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The external carotid, arising from the common carotid which arose from the right brachiocephalic trunk, becomes the...
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occipital artery
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The arch of the aorta divides into the right brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid and the left subclavian. The left subclavian, and the right subclavian arising from the right brachiocephalic trunk, both differentiate into what 4 branches?
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Vitamin C.
V. Vertebral artery I. Internal thoracic artery T. Thyrocervical artery C. Costocervical artery |
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What vessel turns into the occipital artery?
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external carotid
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The greater occipital nerve runs along with the...
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occipital artery
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In addition to the suboccipital triangle muscles, the occipital artery supplies the...
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splenius capitis
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The right and left vertebral arteries come together to form the...
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basilar artery
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The vertebral artery ascends through the _____________________ of vertebrae __ to ___.
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-transverse foramina
-C6 -C1 |
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The vertebral artery makes a 90 degree turn on the _____ surface of the _______________.
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superior surface of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1)
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After it's 90 degree turn, the vertebral artery pierces through the ________________
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posterior atlantooccipital membrane
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The ________________ is the main blood supply to the brain stem.
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basilar artery
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The basilar artery contributes directly to the ______________, that supplies the entire brain.
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Circle of Willis
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The basilar artery gives off one ____________ and two ______________.
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-one anterior spinal artery
-two posterior spinal arteries |
