Anatomy - Back Muscles

Front 1

Origin of trapezius

Back 1

superior nuchal line
exterior occipital protuberance
ligamentum nuchae
spinous process of C7-T12

Front 2

Insertion of trapezius

Back 2

lateral 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
spine of scapula

Front 3

Innervation of trapezius

Back 3

accessory nerve 11
C3, C4

Front 4

Blood supply of trapezius

Back 4

superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

Front 5

Function of trapezius

Back 5

elevate, adduct, depress scapula
medially rotate humerus above horizontal

Front 6

Origin of latissimus dorsi

Back 6

spinous process of T6-L5
iliac crest
thoracodorsal fascia
ribs 9-12

Front 7

Insertion of latissimus dorsi

Back 7

intertubecular groove of humerus

Front 8

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

Back 8

thoracodorsal nerve

Front 9

Blood supply of latissimus dorsi

Back 9

thoracodorsal artery

Front 10

Function of latissimus dorsi

Back 10

extend, adduct, medially rotate, depress humerus

Front 11

Origin of levator scapulae

Back 11

transverse process of C1-4

Front 12

Insertion of levator scapulae

Back 12

medial portion of scapula

Front 13

Innervation of levator scapulae

Back 13

dorsal scapular nerve C4, C5
anterior rami of C3, C4

Front 14

Blood supply of levator scapulae

Back 14

deep branch of transverse and ascending cervical artery

Front 15

Function of levator scapulae

Back 15

elevates scapula and rotates glenoid cavity

Front 16

Origin of rhomboid minor

Back 16

ligamentum nuchae
spinous process C7-T1

Front 17

Insertion of rhomboid minor/major

Back 17

medial border of scapular spine

Front 18

Innervation of rhomboid minor/major

Back 18

dorsal scapular nerve C5

Front 19

Blood supply of rhomboid minor/major

Back 19

deep branch of transverse cervical artery

Front 20

Function of rhomboid minor/major

Back 20

adduct scapula toward vertebrae
elevate scapula

Front 21

Origin of rhomboid major

Back 21

spinous process of T2-T5

Front 22

Origin of serratus posterior superior

Back 22

ligamentum nuchae
supraspinous ligament
spinous process of C7-T3

Front 23

Insertion of serratus posterior superior

Back 23

upper portion of ribs 2-5

Front 24

Innervation of serratus posterior superior

Back 24

intercostal nerves 2-5

Front 25

Blood supply of serratus posterior superior

Back 25

intercostal arteries 2-5

Front 26

Function of serratus posterior superior

Back 26

elevate ribs

Front 27

Origin of serratus posterior inferior

Back 27

spinous process of T11-L3
supraspinous ligament

Front 28

Insertion of serratus posterior inferior

Back 28

lower portion of ribs 9-12

Front 29

Innervation of serratus posterior inferior

Back 29

intercostal nerves 9-12

Front 30

Blood supply of serratus posterior inferior

Back 30

intercostal arteries 9-12

Front 31

Function of serratus posterior inferior

Back 31

depress ribs

Front 32

Origin of splenius capitis

Back 32

ligamentum nuchae
supraspinus ligament
spinous process of C7-T4

Front 33

Insertion of splenius capitis

Back 33

mastoid process
occipital bone

Front 34

Innervation of splenius capitis

Back 34

posterior rami of med-cervial nerve

Front 35

Blood supply of splenius capitis/cervicis

Back 35

dorsal branch of posterior artery
intercostal artery

Front 36

Function of splenius capitis/cervicis

Back 36

together: extension
alone: rotate head to side of contracting muscle

Front 37

Origin of splenius cervicis

Back 37

spinous process of T3-6

Front 38

Insertion of splenius cervicis

Back 38

transverse process of C1-3

Front 39

Innervation of splenius cervicis

Back 39

posterior rami of lower cervical nerve

Front 40

Origin of iliocostalis

Back 40

iliac crest, SP of lumbar region and various ribs

Front 41

Insertion of iliocostalis

Back 41

ribs and TP of cervical region

Front 42

Innervation of erector spinae

Back 42

posterior rami of cervical nerves

Front 43

Blood supply to erector spinae

Back 43

dorsal branch of posterior intercostal arteries

Front 44

Function of erector spinae

Back 44

bilateral: extension of vertebrae to maintain posture
unilateral: lateral flexion

Front 45

Origin of longissimus

Back 45

TP/mamillary processes of lumbar region, TP of thoracic region, TP and articular processes of cervical region

Front 46

Insertion of longissimus

Back 46

TPs of thoracic region and TP and articular processes of cervical region

Front 47

Origin of spinalis

Back 47

SP of thoracic region and AP/TP of cervical region

Front 48

Insertion of spinalis

Back 48

SP of upper thoracic region, SP of C2, between superior and inferior nuchal lines

Front 49

Innervation of transversospinales

Back 49

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Front 50

Blood supply of transversospinales

Back 50

dorsal branch of posterior intercostal arteries

Front 51

Function of transversospinales

Back 51

bilateral: extend vertebral column
unilateral: pull SP toward TP causing rotation to opposite side

Front 52

Origin of semispinalis

Back 52

transverse processes

Front 53

Insertion of semispinalis

Back 53

SPs and skull

Front 54

Origin of multifidus

Back 54

sacrum, ilium, and TPs of C4-C7

Front 55

Insertion of multifidus

Back 55

upper and medial at spinous processes
spans 2-4 vertebrae

Front 56

Origin of rotatores

Back 56

transverse processes

Front 57

Insertion of rotatores

Back 57

run upward and medial to attach to spinous processes
long: span 2
short: adjacent