Anatomy: Actions/ Naming Of Skeletal Muscles

Front 1

Muscle Attachments

Back 1

at the ends of each muscle, all of the connective tissue merge to form a tendon which attaches the muscle to a bone.

attached at both ends

Front 2

Tendon

Back 2

cord-like in appearance

Front 3

Aponeuroses

Back 3

sometimes flat tendons

Front 4

Muscle Movement

Back 4

during movement one end of the muscle called the insertion moves towards the other end called the origin

Front 5

Agonist (prime mover)

Back 5

produces a specific movement when it contracts.

for instance, the biceps brachii is an agonist that causes flexion of the elbow joint

Front 6

Antagonist

Back 6

is a muscle whose action opposes that of an agonist.

the triceps brachii would be an antagonist to the biceps brachii

Front 7

Synergist

Back 7

is a muscle that assist the agonist or prime mover

Front 8

Fixator

Back 8

prevent movement of bone

Front 9

Naming Skeletal Muscles

Back 9

qualities include:
1. Appearance
2. Location
3. Function
4. Orientation
5. Unusual Features

Front 10

SIZE

Front 11

Major

Back 11

(large)

i.e. pectoral is major

Front 12

Maximus

Back 12

(largest)

i.e. gluten maximus

Front 13

Minor

Back 13

(small)

i.e. pectoralis minor

Front 14

Minimus

Back 14

(smallest)

i.e. gluteus minimus

Front 15

Longus

Back 15

(long)

i.e. abductor pollicis longus

Front 16

Longissimus

Back 16

(longest)

i.e. longissimus thoracis

Front 17

Brevis

Back 17

(short)

i.e. adductor brevis

Front 18

SHAPE

Front 19

Rhomboideus

Back 19

(rhomboidal)

i.e. rhomboideus major

Front 20

Trapezius

Back 20

(trapezoidal)

i.e. trapezius

Front 21

Teres

Back 21

(round, cylindrical)

i.e. Pronator teres

Front 22

Deltoid

Back 22

(triangular)

i.e. deltoid

Front 23

Quadratus

Back 23

(four-sided)

i.e. pronator quadratus

Front 24

LOCATION

Front 25

Capitis

Back 25

(head)

i.e. splenius capitis

Front 26

Cervicis

Back 26

(neck)

i.e. semispinalis cervicis

Front 27

Pectoralis

Back 27

(chest)

i.e. pectoralis major

Front 28

Thoracis

Back 28

(thorax)

i.e. spinalis thoracis

Front 29

Intercostals

Back 29

(between ribs)

i.e. external intercostals

Front 30

Abdominis

Back 30

(abdomen)

i.e. rectus abdominis

Front 31

Digitorum

Back 31

(fingers or toes)

i.e. flexor digitorum longus

Front 32

Pollicis

Back 32

(thumb)

i.e. oppones policis

Front 33

Indicis

Back 33

(index finger)

i.e. extensor indicis

Front 34

Hallucis

Back 34

(great toe)

i.e. abductor hallucis

Front 35

Superficialis

Back 35

(superficial)

i.e. flexor digitorum superficialialis

Front 36

Profundus

Back 36

(deep)

i.e. flexor digitorum profundus

Front 37

Lumborum

Back 37

(lower back)

i.e. quadratus lumborum

Front 38

Femoris

Back 38

(femur or thigh)

i.e. quadriceps femoris

Front 39

Fibularis

Back 39

(fibula)

i.e. fibularis longus

Front 40

Brachii

Back 40

(arm)

i.e. biceps brachii

Front 41

Carpi

Back 41

(wrist)

i.e. flexor carpi ulnaris

Front 42

Digiti

Back 42

(finger or toes)

extensor digiti minimi

Front 43

ACTION

Front 44

Adductor

Back 44

a muscle that draws a part INWARD the midline or axis of the body

adductor pollicis

Front 45

Abductor

Back 45

a muscle that draws a body part AWAY from the midline or axis of the body

i.e. abductor digiti minimi

Front 46

Flexor

Back 46

a muscle that when CONTRACTED BENDS a joint or limb in the body

i.e. flexor carpi radialis

Front 47

Extensor

Back 47

a muscle that EXTENDS or STRAIGHTENS a limb or body part

i.e. extensor carpi radialis

Front 48

Pronator

Back 48

a muscle that effects or assists in pronation

i.e. pronator teres

Front 49

Supinator

Back 49

cylindrical-shaped muscle in the forearm that normally curves around the upper third of the radius

Front 50

Levator

Back 50

a muscle that serves to raise a body part

i.e. levator scapulae

Front 51

Depressor

Back 51

a muscle that acts by drawing down a part of the body

i.e. depressor anguli oris

Front 52

NUMBER OF HEADS

Front 53

Biceps

Back 53

(two heads)

i.e. biceps femoris

Front 54

Triceps

Back 54

(three heads)

i.e. triceps brachii

Front 55

Quadriceps

Back 55

(four heads)

i.e. quadriceps femoris

Front 56

ORIENTATION

Front 57

Rectus

Back 57

(straight)

i.e. rectus abdominis

Front 58

Transversus

Back 58

lying across the long axis of the body or of a part

transversus abdominis

Front 59

Oblique

Back 59

(slanted)

i.e. external abdominal oblique