Anatomy Aoi's

Front 1

MUSCLE GROUP

Posterior Thorax

Back 1

Let's go!!!

Front 2

Pectoralis major*

Back 2

A: Arm flexion, rotate arm medially, adducts arm
O: (Sternal End) Clavical; Sternum; Costal Cartilage (1-6)
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus, greater tubercle of humerus

Front 3

Latissimus dorsi*

Back 3

A: Adducts arm, Arm extension, medially rotates arm at shoulder
O: Spines T7-L5; Ribs 9-12; iliac crest
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 4

Trapezius*

Back 4

A: Stabilizes, raises, retracts, and rotates scapula
O: Occcipital bone; Spinous process of C2, all thoracic vertebrae
I: Acromion, spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 clavicle

Front 5

Deltoid*

Back 5

A: Arm abduction, flexion and medial rotation of humerus, extension of lateral rotation of arm
O: Acromion, spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Front 6

MUSCLE GROUP

Anterior Thorax

Back 6

Let's go!!!

Front 7

Pectoralis minor

Back 7

A: Draws scapula forward and downward
O: Anterior surfaces of ribs (3-5)
I: Coracoid process of scapula

Front 8

MUSCLE GROUP

Anterior and Lateral Abdominal Wall

Back 8

Let's go!!!

Front 9

External Oblique*

Back 9

A: Flexes vertebral column (laterally), compresses abdominal wall, trunk rotation, lateral flexion
O: Outer surfaces of ribs (5-12)
I: Linea alba; pubic crest; iliac crest

Front 10

MUSCLE GROUP

Anterior Forearm

Back 10

Let's go!!!

Front 11

Brachioradialis*

Back 11

A: Forearm flexion, stabilizes the elbow during rapid flexion and extension
O: Lateral supracondylar ridge at distal end of humerus
I: Styloid Process of Radius

Front 12

MUSCLE GROUP

Superficial Forearm

Back 12

Let's go!!!

Front 13

Pronator teres

Back 13

A: Pronates forearm, weak flexor of elbow
O: Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of Ulna
I: Lateral Radius

Front 14

Flexor carpi radialis

Back 14

A: Powerful flexor of wrist, abducts hand
O: Medial epicondyle of Humerus
I: Baste of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Front 15

Palmaris longus

Back 15

A: Tenses skin and fascia of palm during hand movements
O: Medial epicondyle of Humerus
I: Palmar aponeurosis

Front 16

Flexor carpi ulnaris*

Back 16

A: Wrist flexor, adducts hand
O: Medial epicondyle of Humerus, Olecranon process and posterior surface of Ulna
I: Pisiform, Hamate, 5th metacarpal

Front 17

Extensor carpi radialis longus*

Back 17

A: Extends wrist, abducts wrist
O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Base of 2nd metacarpal

Front 18

Extensor carpi radialis brevis*

Back 18

A: Extends wrist
O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Base of 3rd metracarpal

Front 19

Extensor digitorum

Back 19

A: Extension of fingers
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Distal phalanges 2-5

Front 20

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 20

A: Extends wrist, adducts wrist
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna
I: Base of 5th metacarpal

Front 21

MUSCLE GROUP

Deep forearm

Back 21

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Front 22

Flexor pollicis longus

Back 22

A: Flexes distal phalanx of thumb
O: Anterior surface of radius
I: Distal phalanx of thumb

Front 23

Abductor pollicis longus

Back 23

A: Abducts thumb
O: Posterior radius; ulna
I: Bast of first metacarpal

Front 24

Extensor pollicis longus

Back 24

A: Extends thumb
O: Dorsal radius; ulna
I: Base of distal phalanx 1

Front 25

Flexor digitorum profundus

Back 25

A: Flexes fingers
O: Common flexor tendon
I: Distal phalanges 2-5

Front 26

Supinator

Back 26

A: Supinates forearm
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Proximal radius

Front 27

MUSCLE GROUP

Thenar of Thumb

Back 27

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Front 28

Abductor pollicis (brevis)

Back 28

A: Abducts thumb
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: Bast of proximal phalanx 1

Front 29

Flexor pollicis (brevis)

Back 29

A: Flexes thumb
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: Base of proximal phalanx 1

Front 30

Opponens pollicis

Back 30

A: Opposition of thumb
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: (anterior side) metacarpal 1

Front 31

Adductor pollicis

Back 31

A: Adducts thumb
O: Metacarpal bases
I: Base of proximal phalanx 1

Front 32

MUSCLE GROUP

Hypothenar of Thumb

Back 32

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Front 33

Opponnens digiti minimi

Back 33

A: Opposition of little finger
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: (medial) metacarpal 5

Front 34

MUSCLE GROUP

Midpalmar

Back 34

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Front 35

Lumbbricals of the hand

Back 35

A: Flexes metacarpo-phalangeal joints
O: Flexor retinaculum
I: proximal phalanges 2-5

Front 36

Palmar interossei, hand

Back 36

A: Adducts fingers
O: Metacarpals
I: proximal phalanges

Front 37

Dorsal interossei, hand

Back 37

A: Abducts fingers
O: Metacarpals
I: proximal phalanges

Front 38

Frontalis

Back 38

A: Raises Eyebrows

Front 39

Orbicularis oculi

Back 39

A: Blinking and squinting

Front 40

Zygomaticus

Back 40

A: Raises lateral corners of mouth upwards

Front 41

Levator labii superioris

Back 41

A: Raises upper lip

Front 42

Depressor labii inferioris

Back 42

A: Draws lower lip down

Front 43

Orbicularis oris

Back 43

A: Closes and protrudes lips

Front 44

Masseter

Back 44

A: Elevates mandible
O: Zygomatic arch and maxilla
I: Angle and ramus of mandible

Front 45

Temporalis

Back 45

A: Elevates and retracts mandible
O: Temporal fossa
I: Coronoid process of mandible

Front 46

Digastric

Back 46

A: Elevates hyoid bone
O: Mandible, mastoid process of temporal bone
I: Hyoid bone

Front 47

Stylohyoid

Back 47

A: Elevates and retracts hyoid
O: Styloid process of temporal bone
I: Hyoid bone

Front 48

Mylohyoid

Back 48

A: Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth
O: Medial surface of mandible
I: Hyoid bone

Front 49

Sternohyoid

Back 49

A: Depresses larynx and hyoid bone
O: Manubrium, medial end of clavicle
I: (lower margin of) hyoid bone

Front 50

Sternothyroid

Back 50

A: Pulls larynx and hyoid bone inferiorly
O: Manubrium (posterior surface)
I: Thyroid cartilage

Front 51

Thyrohyoid

Back 51

A: Depresses hyoid, elevates larynx
O: Thyroid cartilage
I: Hyoid bone

Front 52

Pharyngeal constrictor muscles

Back 52

A: Constricts pharynx
O: Mandible; (sphenoid); hyoid
I: Posterior pharynx

Front 53

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 53

A: Flexes head
O: Manurbrium, medial clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone, superior nuchal line of occipital bone

Front 54

Levator scapulae ventralis

Back 54

A: Elevates scapula
O: (Transverse processes C1-4)
I: Medial border of scapula

Front 55

Triceps bracii, long head

Back 55

A: Extends forearm
O: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
I:Olecranon process of ulna

Front 56

Triceps bracii, lateral head

Back 56

A: Extends forearm
O: Posterior shaft of humerus
I: Olecranon process of ulna

Front 57

Medial pterygoid

Back 57

A: Elevates and protrudes mandible
O: Pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
I: Medial surface of mandible near angle

Front 58

Lateral pterygoid

Back 58

A: Protrudes mandible
O: Pterygoid process of sphenoid bone
I: Mandibular condyle

Front 59

Buccinator

Back 59

A: Draws corner of mouth laterally
O: Maxilla and mandible
I: Orbicularis oris

Front 60

Genioglossus

Back 60

A: Protrudes tongue
O: Internal surface of mandibular symphysis
I: Inferior tongue, body of hyoid bone

Front 61

Hypoglossus

Back 61

A: Depresses tongue
O: Hyoid bone
I: Inferolateral tongue

Front 62

Styloglossus

Back 62

A: Retracts tongue
O: Styloid process of temporal bone
I: Infero(lateral) tongue

Front 63

Occipitalis

Back 63

A: Pulls scalp posteriorly

Front 64

Geniohyoid

Back 64

A: Pulls hyoid bone superiorly
O: Mandibular symphysis
I: Hyoid bone

Front 65

Splenius

Back 65

A: Extends/hyperextends head
O: (occipital and spines C7-T6)
I: (Temporal, Occipital, C2-4)

Front 66

Illiocostalis

Back 66

A: Extends vertebral column
O: Ribs 3-12
I: Angles of ribs, transverse preocesses C4-6

Front 67

Semispinalis

Back 67

A: Extends vertebral column and head
O: Transverse processes C7-T12
I: Occipital bone, cervical spines (and T1-4 spines)

Front 68

External intercostals

Back 68

A: Elevates rib cage
O: Inferior border of rib above
I: Superior border of rib below

Front 69

Internal intercostals

Back 69

A: Depresses rib cage
O: Superior border of rib below
I: Costal groove of rib above

Front 70

Diaphram

Back 70

A: Increases intra-abdominal pressure
O: Inferior, internal rib cage and sternum; costal cartilage of last 6 ribs, lumbar vertebrae
I: Central tendon

Front 71

Rectus abdominus

Back 71

A: Flexes, rotates (lumbar) vertebral column
O: Pubic crest
I: Xiphoid process; costal cartilages (5-7)

Front 72

Coccygeus

Back 72

A: Supports pelvic viscera
O: Ischial spine
I: Sacrum and Coccyx

Front 73

Sphincter urethrae

Back 73

A: Constricts urethra
O: (Ischiopubic ramus)
I: (Midline raphe)

Front 74

Ishiocavernosus

Back 74

A:Maintains Erection
O: Ishial tuberosity
I: (Crus of) corpus cavernosa of penis

Front 75

Serratus ventralis

Back 75

A: Holds scapula to chest wall
O: Ribs (1-8)
I: Anteromedial scapula

Front 76

Subscapularis

Back 76

A: Medially rotates humerus
O: Subscapular fossa of scapula
I: Lesser tubercle of humerus

Front 77

Supraspinatus

Back 77

A:Stabilizes shoulder joint
O:Spuraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus

Front 78

Infraspinatus

Back 78

A: Stabilizes shoulder joint; laterally rotates humerus
O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus

Front 79

Teres Minor

Back 79

A: Stabilizes shoulder joint, laterally rotates humerus
O: (Lateral border of) scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus

Front 80

Teres major

Back 80

A: Extends, medially rotates adducts humerus
O: (Inferior angle of) scapula
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 81

Coracobrachialis

Back 81

A: Flexes, adducts humerus
O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: (Medial surface of) humerus

Front 82

Triceps brachii, medial head

Back 82

A: Extends forearm
O: Posterior humerus (distal to radial groove)
I: Olecranon process of ulna

Front 83

Biceps brachii, long head

Back 83

A: Flexes elbow, supinates forearm
O: (Lip of) glenoid cavity
I: Radial tuberosity

Front 84

Biceps brachii, short head

Back 84

A: Flexes elbow, supinates forearm
O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Radial tuberosity

Front 85

Brachialis

Back 85

A: Flexes forearm
O: (Anterior distal) humerus
I: Coranoid process of ulna

Front 86

Scalenes

Back 86

A: Flexes, rotates neck
O: Transverse processes C(1-7)
Anterolateral ribs (1 and 2)

Front 87

Rhomboideus

Back 87

A: Retracts scapula
O: (Spines C7-T5)
I: Medial border of scapula

Front 88

Iliacus

Back 88

A: Flexes thigh
O: Iliac fossa and crest
I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Front 89

Psoas (major)

Back 89

A: Flexes thigh
O: (Transverse processes, bodies and discs of) Lumbar vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter of femur

Front 90

Sartorius

Back 90

A: Abducts, laterally rotates thigh
O: Anterior superior iliac spine
I: Medial proximal tibia

Front 91

Adductor longus

Back 91

A: Adducts, medially rotates thigh
O: Pubis (near symphysis)
I: Linea aspera of femur

Front 92

Adductor brevis

Back 92

A: Adducts, medially rotates thigh
O: (Body inferior ramus of) Pubis
I: Linea Aspera of femur

Front 93

Rectus femoris (Quadriceps femoris)

Back 93

A: Extends leg at knee, flexes thigh
O: Anterior inferior iliac spine
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 94

Vastus lateralis (Quadriceps femoris)

Back 94

A: Extends knee
O: Intertrochanteric line of femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 95

Vastus medialis (Quadriceps femoris)

Back 95

A: Extends knee
O: Intertrochanteric line of femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 96

Vastus intermedialis (Quadriceps femoris)

Back 96

A: Extends knee
O: Anterolateral proximal femur
I: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Front 97

Tensor fasciae latae

Back 97

A: Abducts thigh
O: (anterior) Iliac crest
I: Iliotibial tract

Front 98

Gluteus maximus

Back 98

A: Extends thigh
O: (dorsal) ilium, sacrum, coccyx
I: Gluteal tuberosity of femur

Front 99

Gluteus medius

Back 99

A: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
O: Gluteal lines of ilium
I: Greater trochanter of femur

Front 100

Gluteus minimus

Back 100

A: Abducts and medially rotates thigh
O: Gluteal lines of ilium
I: Greater trochanter of femur

Front 101

Piriformis

Back 101

A: Laterally rotates extended thigh
O: Anterolateral sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur

Front 102

Obturator externus

Back 102

A: Laterally rotates extended thigh
O: Obturator foramen margin
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur

Front 103

Obturator internus

Back 103

A: Laterally rotates extended thigh
O: Obturator foramen margin
I: Greater tochanter of femur

Front 104

Biceps femoris, long head (Hamstrings)

Back 104

A: Extends thigh, flexes leg at knee
O: Ishial tuberosity
I: (Head of) fibula and (lateral condyle of) tibia

Front 105

Biceps femoris, shor head (Hamstrings)

Back 105

A: Extends thigh, flexes leg at knee
O: Linea aspera of femur
I: (Head of) Fibula and (lateral condyle of) tibia

Front 106

Semitendinosus (Hamstrings)

Back 106

A: Extends thigh (at hip) flexes leg at knee
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: (Medial proximal) tibia

Front 107

Semimembranosus (Hamstrings)

Back 107

A: Extends thigh, flexes leg at knee
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: (Medial condyle of) tibia

Front 108

Tibialis anterior

Back 108

A: Dorsiflexes, inverts foot
O: Lateral condyle and proximal 2/3 of tibia
I: Metatersal 1

Front 109

Extensor digitorum longus

Back 109

A: Extends toes
O: (Lateral condyle of) tibia &(proximal 3/4) fibula
I: Distal phalanges 2-5

Front 110

Extensor hallucis (longus)

Back 110

A: Extends great toe
O: (Anteromedial) fibula
I: Distal phalanx 1

Front 111

Peroneus longus

Back 111

A: Plantar flexes, everts foot
O: Head of fibula
I: Metatarsal 1

Front 112

Peroneus brevis

Back 112

A: Plantar flexes, everts foot
O: Distal fibula
I: Metatarsal 5

Front 113

Gastrocnemius

Back 113

A: Plantar flexes foot
O: Medial, lateral condyles of femur
I: Calcaneal tendon

Front 114

Soleus

Back 114

A: Plantar flexes foot
O: Superior tibia and fibula
I: Calcaneal tendon

Front 115

Plantaris

Back 115

A: Flexes knee, plantar flexes foot
O: Distal posterior femur
I: Calcaneal tendon

Front 116

Flexor digitorum longus

Back 116

A: Flexes toes
O: (Extensive posterior) tibia
I: Distal phalanges 2-5

Front 117

Flexor hallucis (longus)

Back 117

A: Flexes great toe
O: (Middle) fibula
I: Distal phalanx 1

Front 118

Lumbricals, foot

Back 118

A: Flexes metatarsophalangeal joints
O: Flexor digitorum longus tendons
I: Proximal phalanges 2-5

Front 119

Palmar interossei, foot

Back 119

A: Adducts toes
O: Metatarsals
I: Proximal phalanges

Front 120

Dorsal interossei, foot

Back 120

A: Abducts toes
O: Metatarsals
I: Proximal phalanges

Front 121

Pectineus

Back 121

A: (Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh)
O: Pubis
I: Linea aspera of femur

Front 122

Gracilis

Back 122

A: (Adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg)
O: Pubis, ishial ramus
I: Medial tibia

Front 123

Peroneus tertius

Back 123

A: Dorsiflexes and everts foot
O: Distal anterior fibula
I: Distal metatarsal 5