Anatomy And Physiology Unit 3

Front 1

Diaphysis

Back 1

shaft of a long bone

Front 2

Epiphysis

Back 2

ends of a long bone

Front 3

What are the two major divisions of the skeletal system?

Back 3

1. Axial: includes bones of the head and trunk
2. Appendicular: includes the extremities, shoulders, and hips

Front 4

Periosteum

Back 4

connective tissue membrane covering a bone

Front 5

Endosteum

Back 5

thin membrane that lines a bone's marrow cavity

Front 6

Osteoblasts

Back 6

bone building cells

Front 7

Osteocytes

Back 7

mature bone cell

Front 8

Head

Back 8

a rounded knob-like end separated from the rest of the bone by a slender region, the neck

Front 9

Condyle

Back 9

a rounded projection; a small projection above a condyle is an epicondyle

Front 10

Flexion

Back 10

bending motion

Front 11

Extension

Back 11

straightening motion

Front 12

Adduction

Back 12

moving toward the midline

Front 13

Abduction

Back 13

moving away from the midline

Front 14

Circumduction

Back 14

circular movement

Front 15

Supination

Back 15

turning the palms up

Front 16

Rotation

Back 16

twisting or turning a bone on its axis

Front 17

Gout

Back 17

painful metabolic disease in which uric acid deposits form in a joint

Front 18

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Back 18

autoimmune disease that results in inflammation of the joint

Front 19

Bursitis

Back 19

inflammation of the sac that surrounds a joint

Front 20

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Back 20

pain, tingling, or numbness in the wrist caused by compression of the median nerve

Front 21

Epicondylitis

Back 21

inflammation of the forearm extensor tendon at its attachment to the humerus

Front 22

Hallux Valgues

Back 22

lateral deviation of the great toe with formation of a bunion

Front 23

Herniated Disks

Back 23

the soft gel center of the disk protrudes through the outer surface and may cause pressure on the spinal nerves

Front 24

Osteoporosis

Back 24

demineralization of the bones that cause brittleness

Front 25

Kyphosis

Back 25

humpback; bowing at thoracic level

Front 26

Lordosis

Back 26

swayback; exaggerated lumbar curvature

Front 27

Scoliosis

Back 27

lateral curvature of the spine

Front 28

Sprain

Back 28

the complete or incomplete tear in a supporting ligament

Front 29

Comminuted

Back 29

broken into small fragments of bone

Front 30

Impacted

Back 30

broken bone ends are jammed into each other

Front 31

Compound

Back 31

the broken bone ends pierce the skin

Front 32

Depressed

Back 32

broken piece of skull that is driven inwards

Front 33

Spiral

Back 33

occurs by severe twisting action causing the break to wind around bone

Front 34

Greenstick

Back 34

incomplete break