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111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The apical heartbeat in an adult is best heard at the level of the |
fifth intercostal space |
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The membrane closest to the heart muscle is the the
a. fibrous pericardium b. visceral pericardium c. partial pericardium d. peritoneum |
B. Visceral pericardium |
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What is a prominent symptom of pericarditis?
a. increase in blood pressure b. an irregular heart beat c. serve chest pain d. high fever |
C. Severe chest pain |
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What part of the heart is usually damaged by scarlet fever or syphilis?
a. pericardium b. myocardium c. epucardium d. endocardium |
D. Endocardium |
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The artia will empty during ______ a. atrial diastole b. atrial systole c. ventricular diastole d. ventricular systole |
Article systolic |
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The first heart sound results when the ____. a. ventricle contracts b. semilunar valves close c. A-V valves close d. atria contract |
C. A-V valves close |
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A stethoscope placed at the tip of the sternum will best be able to detect which sound? A. tricuspid valve B. bicuspid valve C. aortic D. pulmonary |
A. Tricuspid valve |
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Which fiber system is the first to depolarize In a cardiac cycle? A. atrioventricular node B. Sinoatrail node C. bundle of His D. Purkinje fibers |
B. Sinoatrail node |
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Which chamber of the heart contains the pacemaker? A. right ventricle B. right atrium C. left ventricle D. left atrium |
B. Right atrium |
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The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle each minute is calculated from which formula? A. Heart rate + stroke volume B. Heart rate X stroke volume C. Heart rate divided by stroke volume D. Heart rate - stroke volume |
B. Heart rate x stroke volume |
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The three factors that contribute to arterial blood pressure are cardiac output, blood volume and ________. A. viscosity B. resistance C. valves D. Heart rate |
B. resistance |
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The central venous pressure is the pressure in the ___. A. superior vena cava B. right atrium C. left atrium D. jugular veins |
B. right atrium |
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Which are the first vessels to branch off the aorta? A. right subclavian B. Left subclavian C. Brachiocephalic D. Coronary Arteries |
D. coronary arteries |
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The three arteries that arise from the aortic arch are the left subclavian, left common carotid and _________. A. right subclavian B. right common carotid C. Brachiocephalic D. celiac |
C. brachiocephalic |
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The left gastric, spenic and common hepatic arteries come from the ________. A. superior mesenteric B. celiac C. splanchnic D. inferior mesenteric |
B. celliac |
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Freshly oxygenated blood enters the heart through the ___ and is pumped out the ___
A. right atrium; aorta B. left atrium; aorta C. right ventricle; pulmonary arteries |
A. right atrium; aorta |
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Someone suffering a heart attack in his anterior lower right ventricle probably had a blockage in which coronary artery?
A. anterior interventricular artery B. circumflex artery C. posterior interventricular artery D. marginal artery |
A. anterior interventricular artery |
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When do the AV valves close during the cardiac cycle?
A. when pressure inside the ventricles is at its lowest
B. when pressure inside the atria is greater than the inside the ventricles
C. when ventricular pressure exceeds that of the atria |
C. When ventricular pressure exceeds that of the atria |
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How does the impulse to contract slow down slightly before it is transfered into the ventricles?
A. it makes a detour and travels to brain and back. B. there is parasympathetic brake on AV node. C. Junctional fibers leading into the AV journey have very small diameters. |
C. junction fibers leading into the AV node have very small diameters |
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What does the electrocardiogram (ECG) QRS wave indicate is happening in the heart?
A. the atria are deploarizing B. The ventricles are deploarizing while the atria repolarize. C. the ventricles are repolarizing. |
B. The ventricles are depolarizing while the atria repolarize. |
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The atrioventrucular sulcus separates the ___. A. atrial and ventricle areas B. right from left ventricle C. right atrium from right ventricle
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A. atria and ventricle areas |
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Blood from the cardiac muscle itself drains into the ______.
A. superior vena cava B. left ventricles C. right ventricles D. coronary sinus
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D. coronary sinus |
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Mitral valve prolapse is a condition which causes blood to back flow into the
A. right atrium B. right ventricle C. left atrium D. left ventricle |
C. left atrium |
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Which of the following contains blood with a relatively high oxygen content?
A. left ventricle B. right ventricle C. right atrium D. superior vena cava
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A. left ventricle |
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Which of the following contains blood with a relatively low oxygen content?
A. left ventricle B. aorta C. pulmonary veins D. pulmonary artery |
D. pulmonary artery |
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which of the following does not belong with the others?
a. right coronary artery b. left coronary artery c. circumflex artery d. anterior interventricular artery |
A |
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Which term indicates that tissue in the heart has died?
A. coronary theombosis B. Angina pectoris C. Ischemia D. Infarction |
D. infraction |
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Which term refers to the severe chest pain evident during an attack of myocardial ischemia?
A. hypoxia B. infarction C. Angina D. Diapedesis |
C. Angina |
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What does blood flow into the coronary arteries?
A. during ventricular contraction B. during atrial contraction C. when the heart is at rest D. during ventricular relaxation |
During ventricular relaxation |
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About ___% of the atrial blood flows into the ventricles before the atria contract.
A. 10 B. 70 C. 50 D. 30 |
B |
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Which part of the heart is the last to become excited during a cardiac cycle?
A. apex B. atria C. ventricular septum D. superior ventricular region |
D. superior ventricle region |
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Which area allows the atria to completely empty as the ventricles fill with blood?
A. A-V node B. A-V bundle C. S-A node D. purkinje fibers |
A. A-V node |
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The cardiac reflex control centers are located within the _____.
A. hypothalamus B. medulla oblongata C. aorta D. Heart
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B. medulla obiongata |
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The baroeceptors located in the ___ respond to stretching by slowing the rate of the heart.
A. medulla B. aortic arch C. jugular vein D. Heart |
B. aortic arch |
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The purpose of the medullary cardiac centers is to ___
A. increase heart rate B. decrease heart rate C. maintain heart rate D. maintain blood pressure |
D. maintain blood pressure |
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The increase in heart rate caused by seeing a wild dog run after you is probably the result of the a. medullary accelerator center b. hypothalamus c. sympathetic nerves d. increase in blood pressure |
hypothalamus |
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Where does the repolarization of the atria occur? a. p Wave b. QRS complex c. t wave d. u wave |
QRS complex |
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The time taken for an impulse to travel from the S-A to the A-V node is evidence in the a. QRS complex b. S-T interval c. P-Q interval d. QRS-T interval |
P-Q interval |
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The most serious and life threatening arrhythmia of the heart is a. tachycardia b. bradycardia c. flutter d. fibrillation |
fibrillation |
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The ___ layer of an artery contains the greatest amount of smooth muscle. a. endothelium b. tunica intima c. tunica media d. tunica adventitia |
tunica media |
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Which of the following does not have the ability to contract?
a. veins b. arteries c. Venules d. capillaries |
Capillaries |
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Which capillary beds have the greatest permeability?
a. liver b. Smooth muscle c. pancreas d. heart |
Liver |
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which area contains the tightest capillary endothelial junctions? a. spleen b. skeletal muscle c. brain d. thyroid gland |
brain |
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Which of these areas totally lack capillaries? a. spinal cord b. cartilage c. dermis d. gall bladder |
Cartilage |
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Which factor assist venous return to the heart?
a. valves b. inspiration c. skeletal muscle d. all the above |
all of the above |
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The highest pressure excerpted by the heart is called the a. systolic pressure b. diastolic pressure c. pulse pressure d. mean arterial pressure |
Systolic pressure |
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The condition called __ is characterized by some defect or weakness in a vessel wall a. phlebitis b. aneurysm c. arteriosclerosis d. atherosclerosis |
aneurysm |
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The obstructive accumulation of cholesterol in a vessel is the result of ___ a. arteriosclerosis b. phlebitis c. atherosclerosis d. plaque |
C. Atherosclerosis |
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The diaphragm is supplied by the ___ artery. a. phrenic b. suprarenal c. adrenal d. gonadal |
Phrenic |
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The following vessels will direct blood to the brain except which one?
a. common carotid b. internal carotid c. vertebral d. jugular |
Jugular |
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The brachial artery divides into the radial and a. axillary b. ulnar c. cephalic d. subclavian |
ulnar |
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The ___ will send blood into the femoral atery. a. external iliac b. internal iliac c. pudendal d. popliteal |
external iliac |
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The ____ vein represents a functional connection between the superior and inferior vena canvas. a. thoracic b. azygos c. intercostal d. cephalic |
azygos |
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The superior mesenteric vein joins the spenic vein to form the ___ vein. a. hepatic b. hepatic portal c. gastric d. inferior mesenteric |
hepatic portal |
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in an ECG, where does the depolarization of the atria occur? a. p Wave b. QRS complex c. t wave d. u wave |
P wave |
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Which layer of the following serves the dual purpose of forming the inner layer of the pericardium and forming the outermost wall of the heart? a. fibrous pericardium b. parietal pericardium c. visceral pericardium d. myocardium |
Visceral pericardium |
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The bicuspid valve ____ a. is located on the left side of the heart b. guards the auricular of the heart c. guards the entrance to the aorta d. guards the entrance to the pulmonary trunk |
is located on the left side of the heart |
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Which artery supplies blood to the illum and muscles of the lower back? a. aorta b. common iliac artery c. internal iliac artery d. iliolumbar artery |
D. iliolumbar artery |
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A deep wound to the upper thigh might damage the ___ artery. a. femoral b. popliteal c. anterior tibial d. peroneal |
A. femoral |
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blood is drained from the face, scalp, and superficial regions of the neck by the ____ a. carotid arteries b. external jugular veins c. internal jugular veins |
external jugular veins. |
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A unique venous system, called the ____, carries blood directly from the intestines to the liver for processing rather than directly into the inferior vena cava a. hepatic portal system b. superior mesenteric vein c. saphenous vein |
Hepatic portal system |
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The inability of the left ventricle to pump blood adequately to the body's cells is indicative of _______ a. an embolus b. cardiac tamponade c. congestive heart failure d. aststole |
C. congestive heart failure |
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A condition in which there is a congenital predisposition for a ruptured aorta is a. metabolic disorder of fatty acid metabolism b. marfan syndrome c. niemann pick type c disease |
marfan syndrome |
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How many openings are there in he right atrium? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 |
4 |
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The ____ valve lies between the right atrium atrium and right ventricle a. bicuspid b. aortic semilunar c. pulmonary semilunar d. tricuspid |
tricuspid |
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The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents a black flow of blood into the a. pulmonary artery b. right ventricle c. left ventricle d. right atrium |
right ventricle |
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The aortic semiulunar valve prevents blood from returning to the a. left ventricle b. aorta c. right ventricle d. left atrium |
left ventricle |
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Which structure contains the lowest amount of oxygen? a. pulmonary vein b. aorta c. vena cava d. left ventricle |
vena cava |
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cardiac output can be determined by which of the following formulas? a. HR - SV SV b. HR divided by SV c. HR +SV d. HR x SV c. HR +SV d. HR x SV |
D. HR x SV |
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The central cardiac controlnrwgiojnisnin the ___ of the brain. a. hypothalamus b. medulla oblongata c. cerebellum d. pons |
Medulla obiongata |
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The T wave of an electrocardiogram represents which event? a. ventricular depolarization b. atrial repolarization a. ventricular depolarizationb. atrial repolarization c. ventricular repolarization d. atrial depolarization a. ventricular depolarizationb. atrial repolarization c. ventricular repolarization d. atrial depolarization c. ventricular repolarization d. atrial depolarization |
ventricular repolarization |
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A heartbeat of less than 60 beats per minute is called a. tachycardia b. bradycardia c. arrthymia d. fibrillation |
bradycardia |
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The blood in the pulmonary arteries has a relatively high carbon dioxide concentration. |
True |
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Patients complain of diaphoresis which is difficulty breathing, during a myocardial infection |
False |
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The coronary circulation has a rich arrary of anastomonses between its arteries and veins. |
False |
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Pressure within the atria is greatest when the ventricles are relaxing and the atria are contracting |
True |
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As the ventricles contract, the pressure in them exceeds the pressure in the atria5 |
True |
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A murmur is a heart sound heard when the valves do not close sufficiently |
True |
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A functional syncytium occurs when one cardiac muscle cell causes the one around to inhibit their beat |
False |
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An injection of acetylcholine into the heart could decrease the rate of the heart. |
True |
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The sympathetic nervous system usually has the effect of increasing heart rate. |
True |
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The electrocardiogram tracing is a measurement of the contraction sequences of the heart. |
False |
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Either hyperkalemia or hypokalemia could cause an irregular heart rythem. |
True |
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An increase in blood calcium or hyperkalemia can cause the heart to increase its pressure and have a prolonged QRS interval. |
True |
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A slow heart rate that is diagnosed as a bradycardia condition always is abnormal and should be treated. |
False |
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The technique called defibrillation is the application of an electric current to the chest wall with the desired effect or directly stabilizing the abnormal heart rhythem. |
False |
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Vasoconstriction of a blood vessel causes an increase in blood pressure. |
False |
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The control of blood flow to a specific area is related to the amount of oxygen present. |
True |
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Normally the hydrostatic pressure of the blood exceeds it's osmotic pressure which causes a loss of fluids into the tissue spaces. |
True |
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Ankle edema or ascites is caused by an abnormal increase in blood osmotic pressure. |
False |
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An increase in blood calcium or hypercalcemia can cause the heart to increase its pressure and have a prolonged QRS interval. |
True |
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A slow heart rate that is diagnosed as a bradycardia condition always is abnormal and hauls be treated. |
False |
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The technique called defibrillation is the application of an electric current to the chest wall with the desired effect of directly stabilizing the abnormal heart rhythem. |
False |
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Vasoconstriction of a blood vessel causes an increase in blood pressure. |
False |
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The control of blood flow to a specific area is related to the amount of oxygen present. |
True |
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Normally the hydrostatic pressure of the blood exceeds it's osmotic pressure which causes a loss of fluids into the tissue spaces. |
True |
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Ankie edema or ascites is caused by an abnormal increase in blood osmotic pressure. |
False |
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a decrease in stroke volume will cause a drop in blood pressure and drop in heart rate will also result in a pressure decrease. |
False |
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Starling's law of the heart states that the force of a heart chamber decreases when the chamber is full. |
False |
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A dilation in vein is called a varicostly. |
True |
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Atrail natriuretic peptide is a hormone released from the heart in response to low blood pressure. |
False |
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The vasomotor center in the medulla regulates blood pressure by altering the diameters of blood vessels throughout the body. |
True |
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hypertension is related to an increased risk for developing a heart attack, stroke or obesity. |
False |
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Pulmonary edema may be caused by damage to the heart that has weakened the left ventricle. |
true |
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The circle of Willis represents an anastomosis of blood vessels supplying the cranial cavity and brain. |
True |
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Most of the average adult heart lies to the left of the midline. |
True |
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Pericardial fluid is serous and allows the heart to beat without friction in the Pericardial sac. |
True |
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The right and left sides of the heart are separated by the interventricular septum. |
False |
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Blood in all veins is relatively low in oxygen. |
False |
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When an atrium is in systole the ventricle is in diastole |
True |
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The longest vein in the body is the A. femoral B. gluteal C. brachial D. saphenous |
D. Saphenous |
