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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osteoblasts
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Bone-forming cells that arise from osteogenic cells, deposit bone matrix, and eventually become osteocytes.
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Bone
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A calcified connective tissue; also called osseous tissue.
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Calcification
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The hardening of a tissue due to the deposition of calcium salts.
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Ligand
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A chemical that binds to a receptor site on a protein, such as a neurotransmitter that binds to a membrane receptor or a substrate that binds to an enzyme.
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Hypercalcemia
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An excess of calcium ions in the blood.
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Ossification
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Bone formation.
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Long Bone
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A bone such as the femur or humerus that is markedly longer than it is wide and that generally serves as a lever.
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Ligament
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A band of tough collagenous tissue joining one bone to another.
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Osteoclasts
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Macrophages of the bone surface that dissolve the matrix and return minerals to the extracellular fluid.
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Osteoporosis
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A degenerative bone disease characterized by a loss of bone mass, increasing susceptibility to spontaneous fractures, and sometimes deformity of the vertebral column; causes include aging, estrogen hyposecretion, and insufficient weight-bearing exercise.
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Canaliculus
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A microscopic canal, as in osseous tissue.
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Epiphysis
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The head of a long bone.
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Parathyroid Glands
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Small endocrine glands, usually four in number, adhering to the posterior side of the thyroid gland.
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Epiphyseal Plate
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A plate of hyaline cartilage between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone in a child or adolescent, serving as a growth zone for bone elongation.
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Tetanus
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A state of sustained muscle contraction produced by temporal summation as a normal part of contraction; also called tetany.
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Parathyroid Hormone
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A hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that raises blood calcium concentration by stimulating bone resorption by osteoclasts, promoting intestinal absorption of calcium, and inhibiting urinary excretion of calcium.
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Hypocalcemia
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A deficiency of calcium ions in the blood.
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Diaphysis
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The shaft of a long bone.
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Calcitonin
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A hormone secreted by C cells of the thyroid gland that promotes calcium deposition in the skeleton and lowers blood calcium concentration.
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