Anatomy And Physiology: Arthrology

Front 1

Articulations

Back 1

Any place where 2 or more bones meet

Front 2

Articulation: Classification

Back 2

Can be classified based on functional properties

Front 3

Articulations: Structured classifiecation

Back 3

Three types of classifications: Fibrous Joint, Cartilaginous joint, and synovial joint.

Front 4

Fibrous Joint

Back 4

held together by fibrous connective tissue

can be a suture – they interlock along with the connective tissue

or syndesmosis – held together by highly organized bands of connective tissue known as ligaments example tibia and fibia

Front 5

Cartilaginous Joint

Back 5

– held together by cartilage little to know movement

Hyaline cartilage – known as a synchondrosis

Fibrocartilage – symphysis

Front 6

Synovial Joint

Back 6

joints that move freely have the presence of a joint cavity
Two types of movement

Gliding movement sliding allowing elements to slip by one another. Between vertebra

Axial joints – rotation of one element relative to one element of another element

Front 7

Axial Joints

Back 7

Uniaxial - rotation over one plane

Biaxial rotation over two planes

Triaxial rotatio over all planes ball and socket joints

Front 8

Synovial Joint: Structure

Back 8

- Joint capsule – encloses space or cavity outer wall has fiberous connective tissue strong has to resist pressures as well askeep from tearing apart
- Articualr cartilage – hyaline cartilage on edge of bone
- Synovial membrane – epithelium lines inside of joint capsule black line
- Synovial fluid – fills space between articulating elements; fluid is produced from epithelium

to objects never touch

Front 9

Synovial Joint : Optional features

Back 9

Articular Disks/Rings – are easy to locate in the knee extend into the joint capsule used for structural reinforcement found in joints that have different ways of motion or need reinforcement.

Front 10

Synovial Joint: Nerves

Back 10

richly interfaced multiple nearves are sent to joint castles allows for body to know status of synovial joints. Uses multiple nerves that way if one dies still has other to use.

Front 11

Bursae

Back 11

acts as a buffer to prevent rubbing and friction.

Front 12

Bursitis

Back 12

When the bursae becomes inflamed