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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Main function of the respiratory system? |
Air movement in/out of lungs Exchange of gases between lungs and blood |
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What is the upper respiratory made of? |
Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx |
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What is the lower respiratory system made of? |
Larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, lungs |
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Histology of respiratory system? |
Mucosa. All have epithelial tissue + CT. Ciliates pseudo stratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Lamina propria |
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Functions of nasal cavity? |
Airway passage Olfaction Speech |
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What divides the nasal cavity? |
Nasal septum Hyaline cartilage |
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What divides the nasal cavity? |
Nasal septum Hyaline cartilage |
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3 areas of the nasal cavity? |
Vestibule- anterior lined by skin with coarse hair. Respiratory area- posterior, mucosa=ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT Olfactory area- sense of smell, roof of nasal cavity |
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What divides the nasal cavity? |
Nasal septum Hyaline cartilage |
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3 areas of the nasal cavity? |
Vestibule- anterior lined by skin with coarse hair. Respiratory area- posterior, mucosa=ciliated pseudostratified epithelium + CT Olfactory area- sense of smell, roof of nasal cavity |
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Paranasal sinuses |
8 air filled spaces in the skull Open directly into nasal cavity, warm, moisten air |
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Pharynx |
Nasopharynx- posterior to nasal cavity air passage only. Contains pharyngeal tonsils Oropharynx- posterior to oral cavity, air and food passage. Stratified squamous epithelium contains palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils Laryngopharynx- air and food passage stratified squamous epithelium |
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Larynx |
Air passage only 9 cartilages all hyaline except epiglottis |
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What are the unpaired larynx cartilages? |
Thyroid cartilage- anterior wall, Adam's apple Cricoid cartilage- forms complete ring Epiglottis- elastic cartilage |
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What are the paired larynx cartilages? |
Arytenoid cartilage-attaches at Vocal cords |
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Vocal cord folds |
Vestibular fold- false vocal chord, superior fold Vocal fold- true vocal cords, inferior fold |
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Trachea |
Connects larynx to main bronchi. Anterior to esophagus. 20 C shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage |
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What separates the lungs? |
Mediastinum |
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Lungs |
Right lung 3 lobes Left lung 2 lobes/cardiac notch |
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Respiratory membrane |
2 epithelia + fused basement membrane. |
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Respiratory membrane |
2 epithelia + fused basement membrane. |
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Wall of alveolus |
Simple epithelium. Type 1- simple squamous allow gas diffusion Type 2- simple cuboidal secrete surfactant Macrophages- remove dust + debris |
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Pulmonary circulation. Blood supply to the lung |
Right ventricle. Pulmonary trunk. Pulmonary arteries. Capillaries. Pulmonary veins. Left atrium. |
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Bronchial circulation |
Left ventricle. Aorta. Bronchial arteries. Lungs. Bronchial veins. Vena cava. Right atrium. |
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What is pulmonary edema? |
Accumulation of fluid in the lungs |
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What is tuberculosis? |
Thickened respiratory membrane. Decreased lunge least icily and gas exchange |
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What is tuberculosis? |
Thickened respiratory membrane. Decreased lunge least icily and gas exchange |
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What is a pulmonary embolism? |
Blockage of pulmonary vasculature due to blood clot |
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What is pneumothorax? |
Entry of air into pleural cavity that causes lungs to collapse |
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What is pneumothorax? |
Entry of air into pleural cavity that causes lungs to collapse |
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What is emphysema? |
Alveolar walls break. Hard to breathe |
