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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Blood vessels
Carry blood to and from the heart
Arterioles
Type of blood vessel, smallest >100mm, *responsible for blood pressure maintenance
Sinusoids
Type of blood vessel, dilated capillaries, lined by endothelial cells, IRREGULAR LUMEN e.g. liver, spleen, bone marrow
Cavernous Tissue
Type of blood vessel, same as sinusoid but lined with smooth muscle
e.g. erectile tissue of penis, clitoris
Veins
thin muscular tubes that bring blood back to the heart
What type of blood to veins contain?
ALL veins contain DEOXYGENATED blood EXCEPT 1) Pulminary 2) Umbilical
Types of veins/where they run
1)SF vein-SF fascia
2)Deep vein-mostly vena comitantes-run along deep arteries
Portal System of Veins
*consists of blood vessels that connect two sets of capillaries at their two ends
EX: liver, pituitary gland
Paravertebral System of Veins
*drains blood from vertebral system
*Root of breast, prostate, lung cancer are metastasized here
Anastmosis
Communication between neighboring blood vessels
Collateral Circulation
The blood flowing through anastmosis
Interarterial Anastmosis-Potential
Collateral circulation is NOT established immediately...this can cause loss of function of that organ *Present in heart-coronary artery
End arteries
No anastmosis e.g. central artery of retina gets blocked-will result in blindness
Vasa Vorum
Minute blood vessels which supply blood vessels
Inner 1/2 diffusion Outer 1/2
Joints
Articulation between 2 or more rigid components
Fibrous Joints
*No movement permissable*
a) Sutures-united by little amount of fibrous tissue-wavy margin
e.g. joints of skull
Cartilaginous Joints
*Restricted movement*
a) Secondary- fibrous tissue between hyaline cartilage -found in midline of body e.g. intervertebral joints, symphysis pubis
Synovial Joints
*Free movement*
1) Saddle-opposing surfaces are concavo covex like a saddle-ext/flex/ab/ad/rotat
e.g. cartometacarpal, sternoclavicular
Compact Bone- Spongy bone-
Sesamoid- Pneumatic- Heterotopic-
Long B's, Short B's/end of LB's, Lacks periostium, Air containing bones, usually absent
Where does Ephiphyses develop from?
The Secondary Center
What part of the developing long bone is most prone to infection?
Metaphysis-most prone for infection & cancer cells/bacteria deposit here
What are 3 types of epiphyses?
Atavistic, Pressure, Traction
Traction Epiphyses
Develops due to pull of muscle
e.g. greater trochanter of tibia
Pressure Epiphyses
Transmit body weight from bone to bone
e.g. condyle of tibia
Atavistic Epiphyses
Separate bone in lower animal but during evolution gets fused w neighboring bone
E.G. CORACOID PROCESS OF SCAPULA
Coverings of bone-
Coverings of cartilage-
Bone-periosteum
Cartilage-perichondrium
What is the structural unit of a muscle?
Muscle fiber
Endomysium
Connective tissue covering individual muscle fiber
Perimysium
Connective tissue sheath covering group of muscle fibers
Epimysium
Connective tissue sheath covering entire muscle
What is a muscle?
Contractile tissue that brings about movement - 1)skeletal 2)cardiac 3)smooth - attaches to bone, cartilage, any other structure -belly/fibrous tendon
Prime mover/Agonist
Group of muscles that bring about desired movement
Antagonist
Muscle that opposes prime mover to enable smooth movement
Fixator
"Fixes"/steadys proximal joint to allow movement at distal end
Synergist
Prevents unwanted movement at intermediate joint by stabilizing it