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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Human anatomy |
Study of the location, shake, and structure of organs |
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Lateral |
Away from mid line (right & left of body) |
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Medial |
Toward mid line of body (head to toe)
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Proximal |
Close to trunk/core |
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Distal |
Away from trunk/ away from front of body |
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Anterior |
Face side (front side of body) |
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Posterior |
Butt side (back of body) |
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Ventral |
Belly side |
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Dorsal |
Spine side |
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Superior |
Toward head (top of head is most superior of all) |
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Inferior |
Toward feet (feet are inferior to head) |
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Superficial |
Close to body surface (skin is most superficial) |
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Deep |
Deep into the body (heart is deep compared to skin) |
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Planes of section |
Ways of cutting body to see inside |
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Sagitial section |
Vertical cut, separates left from right |
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Mid sagitial section |
Vertical cut on midline (used when cutting skull & brain) |
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Frontal section |
Vertical cut, separates anterior from posterior (butt & stomach) |
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Transverse section (horizontal section) |
Horizontal cut that separates superior from inferior |
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Oblique section |
Diagonal cut through body |
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Bilateral symmetry |
Left and right sides are mirror images (hands & whole body) (excluding some organs such as heart) |
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Alamentary canal (GI tract) |
Tube from mouth to anus (inner tube) |
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Body wall |
Bone and muscle of trunk forms a tube around alamentary canal |
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Body cavities |
Hollow areas in trunk/core that hold organs |
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Dorsal body cavity |
Inside cranium and vertebral column that hold CNS |
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Ventral body cavity is formed by thoracic cavity--- |
Bordered by ribs and diaphragm that holds heart and lungs |
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Abdominopelvic cavity |
Bordered by abdominal muscles and pelvis that holds digestive organs, renal organs, and reproductive organs |
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Histology |
Study of tissues |
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Tissues |
Group of cells working together for a common purpose ex-muscle tissue cells work together to cause movement |
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Epithelial tissue |
Covers surfaces, lines cavities, forms glands |
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Connective tissue |
Gives organs shape, takes up space, pass structures from damage, sticks epithelial tissue to other tissues |
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Muscle tissue |
Generates motion (movement of body & heat generation) |
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Nervous tissue |
Sends signals (comminication) |
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Squamous epithelial call shape |
Wide, flat cells. Like scales or tiles |
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Cuboidal epithelial cell shape |
Same size in all dimensions like a dice |
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Columnar epithelial cell shape |
Taller long than wide, nucleus at bottom |
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Connective tissue |
Formed out of cells surrounded by a matrix (matrix is something that surrounds the cells) |
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Matrix |
May be fluid, semi fluid, gelatinous, fibrous, calcified(bone like) matrix determines the consistency of the tissue |
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Connective tissue cont |
Has a nerve supply except in cartilage -has a blood supply (has capillary running through it) -isn't on free surfaces, however exception is joints |
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Axial skeleton |
Body axis (bulk) |
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Appendicular skeleton |
Arms and legs and bones holding them on the body |
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Articulations |
Point of contact between bones |
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Synarthrosis |
Immobile joints (joints in skull bones) |
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Amphiarthrosis |
Slightly moveable joints (distal tibia and fibula) |
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Diarthrosis |
Freely moving joints (most limb joints, fingers, arms) |
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Syndesmosis |
Fibrous connecting tissue holds bones together as a ligament (duct tape) -often in amphiarthrosis |
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Gomphosis |
Roots of teeth fit into alveoli on maxilla and mandible |
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Synchondrosis |
Hyaline cartilage is the joining material when joining bones together |
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Symphysis |
Fibrous cartilage is joining material |
