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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Oxygen
65% used in energy release from glucose molecules
Carbon
18.5% CO2- waste product that results from metabolism, reacts with water to form carbonic acid
Hydrogen
9.5% H2O- major component of body fluids; medium in which most biochemical reactions occur
Nitrogen
3.2% In protein In Nucleic Acids
Calcium
1.5% Structure of bones and teeth; nerve impulse conduction; muscle fiber contraction and blood cogulatioin; activates certain enzymes
Phosphorous
1% Stucture of bones and teeth; metabolic reactions ; constituent of neucleic acids, proteins, enzymes, and vitamins
How much of the body is made up of Water?
75%
How much of protein is water?
20%
How much of lipids is water?
2%
How much of Carbohydrates is water?
2%
How much of Inorganic Salts is water?
1%
How much of red blood cells is water?
60%
How much of muscle tissue is water?
75%
How much of blood plasma is water?
92%
It you are moving left on the pH scale...
Hydrogen (H) is increasing
Hydroxide (OH) is decreasing
If you are moving right on the pH scale...
Hydrogen (H) is decreasing
Hydroxide (OH) is increasing
Gastric Juice
1.2 - 3.0
Urine
5.0 - 7.8
Saliva
6.35 - 6.85
Blood
7.35 - 7.45
Semen
7.35 - 7.50
Cerebrospinal fluid
7.4
Pancreatic Juice
7.1 - 8.6
Bile
7.6 - 8.6
Metabolism
all the chemical reactions that occur within the body
Synthesis (Anabolism)
two or more atoms bond to form A more complex structure; requires energy

Glucose + Glucose = Maltose
Decomposition (catabolism)
When bonds within a moledule break so that simplier atoms/ molecules form, releases energy

starch = glucose + fatty acids

occurs when foods are digested
Exchange Reaction (single/double replacements)
Parts of 2 different types of molecules trade positions

Acid + Base = Salt + Water
Reversible Reaction
The end products of the reaction can change back to the reactants

ATP = Adenosine Tri Phosphate
In a 2000 calorie diet....

Total fat
Sat Fat
Carbohydrates
Protein
less than 65g 29%
less than 20g 9%
less than 300g 60%
less that 54g 11%