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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bones of the Cranium |
- 1 Occipital - 1 Frontal - 2 Parietal Bones - 2 temporal bones - 1 ethmoid bone - 1 sphenoid bone |
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Muscles |
Anatomy origin, insertion and functions |
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Temporalis |
Origin: Along temporal lines of the skull Insertion: coronoid process of mandible and the anterior border of the mandibular ramus Function: Elevates the mandible and assists in retracting and moving mandible side to side |
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Masseter |
Origin: Aponeurosis and bones of the zygomati Arch Insertion: Lateral surface and angle of mandibular ramus Function: Elevates the mandible and closes jaw:mandible movements of protracting,retracting, side to side |
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SternoCleidoMastoid |
Origin: Clavicular Head from sternal end of clavicle, Sternal Head from manubrium Insertion: Mastoid Region of the Skull Function: Together Flex the skull, alone bend neck and turn face to opposite side. |
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Platysma |
Origin: Fascia of Pec major and deltoid Insertion: Mandible and Skin of cheek Function: Tenses skin of neck, depresses mandible |
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Multifidus |
Origin: Sacrum and transverse process of each vertebrae Insertion: Spinous processes of the third or fourth more superior vertebrae Function: Extension of vertebrae column and rotates towards opposite side |
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Rotatores |
Origin: Transverse process of vertebrae in each region Insertion: Spinous processes of adjacent, mroe superior vertebrae Function: Extends vertebrae column and rotates toward opposite side |
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Intertransversarii |
Origin: Transverse processes of each vertebra Insertion: Transverse process of more superior vetebra Function: Lateral Flexion of Vertebrae Column |
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Quadratus Lumborum |
Origin: Iliac Crest and illiolumbar ligament Insertion: Last rib and Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae Function: Together depression of ribs, alone lateral flexion of the spine. helps in respiratory functions/stabilization. |
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Interspinales |
Origin: Spinous process of each vertebra Insertion: Spinous processes of more superior vertebra Function: Extends vertebral column |
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Erector Spinae |
Function: Extension of Trunk |
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External Obliques |
Origin: External and inferior borders of ribs 5-12 Insertion: External oblique aponeuroses etending to linea alba and iliac crest Function: Compresses abdomen, decompresses ribs, flexes vertebral column to the opposite side |
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Internal Obliques |
Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, and illiac crest Insertion: inferior surfaces of ribs 9-12, costal cartilages 8-10, linea alba and pubis Function: compresses abdomen, decompresses ribs, rotates vertebrae to the same side |
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Rectus Abdominis |
Origin: Superior surface of pubis around symphysis Insertion: Inferior surfaces of cartilages ribs 5-7, xiphoid process Function: Depresses ribs, Flexes Vertebrae Column and compresses abdomin |
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Transversus Abdominis |
Origin: Cartilages of ribs 7-12, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: Linea alba and pubis Function: Compresses abdomen |
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Internal Intercostals |
Origin: Superior border of each rib Insertion: Inferior border of the more superior rib Function: Depresses ribs |
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External InterCostals |
Origin: Inferior border of each rib Insertion: superior border of more inferior rib Function: Elevate Ribs |
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Serratus Posterior Superior |
Origin: Spinous process of C7-T3 and ligamentum nuchae Insertion: Superior borders of ribs 2-5 near angles Function: Elevates ribs, enlarges thoracic cavity |
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Serratus Posterior Inferior |
Origin: Spinous process of T11-L3 Insertion: inferior borders of ribs 9-12 Function: pulls ribs inferiorly and outward, opposing diaphragm |
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Diaphragm |
Origin: Xiphoid process, reib 7-12 Insertion: Central tendon sheet Function: Contraction expands thoracic cavity, compresses abdomin cavity |
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3 Flexors of the Elbow |
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Biceps Brachii |
Origin: short head from the coracoid process, long head from the supraglenoid tubercle Insertion: radial tuberosity Function: flexion at elbow and shoulder supination |
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Brachialis |
Origin: distal humerus anterior surface Insertion: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process Function: Flexion at elbow |
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Brachioradialis |
Origin: lateral epicondyle ridge Insertion: lateral styloid process of radius Function: Flexion of Elbow |
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Extensors of the Elbow |
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Triceps Brachii |
Origin: lateral head: superiors lateral humerus Long head: infraglenoid tubercle - adduction at shoulder Medial Head: posterior surface of humerus Insertion: olecranon of ulna Function: extension at elbow |
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Anconeus |
Origin: posterior lateral humerus Insertion: lateral margin of elecranon and ulnar shaft Function: extension at elbow |
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Pronator Quadratus |
Origin: anterior medial surface of distal ulna Insertion: anterior lateral surface of distal radius Function: pronates forarm |
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Pronator Teres |
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, and coronoid process of ulna Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius Function: flexion at elbow, pronates forarm |
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Supinator |
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion:anterolateral surface of radius distal to radial tuberosity Function: supinates forarm |
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Wrist Flexors |
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Flexor carpi radialis |
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: base of second and third metacarpal bones Function: flexion and abduction at wrist |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: pisiform, hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal bone Function: flexion and adduction at wrist |
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Palmaris Longus |
origin: medial epicondyle Insertion: palmar aponeurosis Function: flexion at wrist |
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Extensors of the wrist |
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Extensor carpi radialis longus |
Origin: lateral condylar ridge of humerus Insertion: second metacarpal base Function: extension and abduction at wirst |
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Extensor Carpi radialis Brevis |
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: base of third metacarpal bone Function: extension and abduction at wrist |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris |
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: 5th metacarpal base Function: extension and adduction of wrist |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus |
Origin: proximal dorsal surfaces of ulna Insertion: lateral margin of first metacarpal bone and trapezium Function: abduction of thumb and wrist |
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Extensor Digitorum |
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: posterior surfaces of phalanges 2-5 Function: extension at finger joints and wrist |
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Extensor pollicis brevis |
Origin: distal shaft of radius and interosseous membrane Insertion:base of proximal phanlanx of thumbs Function: extension at joints of thumb and wrist |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus |
Origin: posterior and lateral surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane Insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb Function: extension at joints of thumb and wrist |
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Extensor Indicis |
Origin: posterior surface of ulna Insertion: posterior proximal phalanx of index finger Function: extension and adduction of index finger |
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Extensor digiti minimi |
Origin: lateral epicondyle Insertion: posterior surface of proximal phalanx of little finger Function: extension at joints of little finger, extension at wrist |
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Flexor digitorum superficialis |
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: bases of middle phalanx 2-5 Function: flexion proximal joints and wrist joints |
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Flexor digitorum profundus |
Origin: medial and posterior ulna Insertion: bases of distal phalanges of 2-5 Function: flexion at distal interphalangeal joints |
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Flexor pollicis longus |
Origin: anterior shaft of radius Insertion: bases of distal phalanx of thumb Function: Flexion at thumb |
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Gluteaus Maximus |
Origin: illiac crest, posterior gluteal line and lateral surface of ilium Insertion: illiotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur Function: lateral rotation at hip, extension, abduction at hip |
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Gluteaus medius |
Origin: anterior illiac crest, lateral surface of ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Function: abduction and medial rotation at hip |
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Glueteus Minimus |
Origin: lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Function: medial rotaion and abduction |
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Tensor Fasciae Latae |
Origin: iliac crest and lateral surface of anterior superior illiac spine Insertion: iliotibial tract Function: abduction and medial rotation at hip extension and lateral rotation at knee |
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Obturator internus and externus |
Origin: lateral and medial margins of obturator foramen Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur(externus) medial surface of greater trochanter Function: lateral rotation and abduction of hip, stablize hip joint |
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Piriformis |
Origin: anterolateral surface of sacrum Insertion: greater trochanter of femur Function: lateral rotation and abduction of hip |
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Gemlli (superior and inferior) |
Origin: ischial spine (superior) and ischial tuberosity (inferior) Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter Function:lateral rotation and abduction of hip, stabalize the hip |
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Quadratus femoris |
Origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur Function: lateral rotation of hip |
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Adductor Brevis |
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: linae aspera of femur Insertion: adduction and flexion at hip |
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Adductor longus |
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: linea asper of femur Function: adduction, flexion and medial rotation at hip |
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adductor magnus |
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: linea aspera Function: adduction, flexion and medial rotation, posterior part extension |
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pectineus |
Origin: superior ramus of pubis Insertion: pectineal line Function: flexion and adduction at hip |
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Gracilis |
Origin: inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: medial surface of tibia Function: flexion and medial rotation at knee |
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Iliacus |
Origin: illiac fossa Insertion: femur femur distal to lesser trochanter Function: flexion at hip |
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Psoas major |
Origin: anterior surface and transverse Insertion: lesser trochanter Function: flexion at hip and lumbar intervertebral joints |
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Biceps Femoris |
Origin: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera of femur Insertion: head of fibula (lateral condyle) Function: flexion at knee, extension and lateral rotation at hip |
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Semimembranosus |
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia Function: flexion at knee, extension and medial rotation at hip. |
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semitendinosus |
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: proximal, medial surface of tibia Function: flexion at knee, extension and medial rotation at hip |
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Sartorius |
Origin: Anterior superior illiac spine Insertion: medial surface of tibia Function: flexion at knee, abduction, flexion, and lateral rotation at hip |
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Popliteus |
Origin: lateral condyle of femur Insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibial shaft Function: medial rotation at tibia, flexion at knee |
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Rectus Femoris |
Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon Function: extension at knee, flexion at hip |
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Vastus intermedius |
Origin: anterolateral surface of femur Insertion: tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon Function: extension at knee |
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vastus lateralis |
Origin: anterior and inferior to greater trochanter of femur Insertion: tibia tuberosity Function: extension at knee |
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Vastus medialis |
Origin: entire length of linea aspera Insertion: tibial tuberosity Function: extension at knee |
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Tibialis Anterior |
Origin: lateral condyle Insertion: base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform Function: dorsiflexion at knee, inversion of foot |
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Gastrocnemius |
Origin: femoral condyles Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Function: plantar flexion at ankle, flexion at knee |
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Fibularis Brevis |
Origin: midlateral margin of fibia Insertion: base of 5th metatarsal bone Function: eversion of foot, and plantar flexion at ankle |
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fibularis longus |
Origin: head and proximal shaft of fibula Insertion: base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform Function: eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle |
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Plantaris |
Origin: lateral supracondlar ridge Insertion: posterior portion of calcaneus Function: planter flexion at ankle, flexion at knee |
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Soleus |
Origin: head and proximal shaft of fibula Insertion: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon Function: plantar flexion at ankle |
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Tibialis posterior |
Origin: interosseous membrane Insertion: navicular, all three cuneiforms, cuboid, second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones Function: inversion of foot, plantar flexion at ankle |
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flexor digitorum longus |
Origin: posteromedial tibia Insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanx 2-5 Function: flexion of joints of toes 2-5, plankar flexes ankles |
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Flexor Hallucis longus |
Origin: posterior surface of fibula Insertion: inferior surface, distal phalanx of toe Function: flexion at joint of great toe, plantar flexes ankle |
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Extensor Digitorum Longus |
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula Insertion: superior surfaces of phalanges, 2-5 |
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Extensor Hallucis Longus |
Origin: anterior surface of fibula Insertion: superior surfacee, distal phlanx of great toe Function: extension at joints of great toe, dorsiflexes ankle |
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Central Canal |
Haversian |
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Volkmann |
Perforating Canal |
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Bone Structure |
- osteons - concentric lamellae, interstitial lamellae, circumferential lamellae |
