Anatomy 2 - Posterior Triangle

Front 1

what is the origin and insertion of the omohyoid muscle

Back 1

origin - SUPERIOR part of SCAPULA, just MEDIAL to the SCAPULAR NOTCH
insertion - INFERIOR border of the BODY OF HYOID

Front 2

what connects the inferior and superior belly of the omohyoid muscle

Back 2

a tendinous structure

Front 3

what are the main contents of the subclavian triangle

Back 3

-3rd part of the SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY (dorsal scapular artery)
-SUBCLAVIAN VEIN
-SUPRACLAVICULAR lymph nodes
-Accessory Nerve(#11)
-Brachial Plexus Trunks

Front 4

Where is the brachial plexus located

Back 4

-in between the anterior and middle scalene
-descends through the POSTERIOR TRIANGLE and passes between the FIRST RIB and the CLAVICLE and enters the AXILLA

Front 5

is cervical plexus sensory or motor innervation

Back 5

sensory innervation to the skin of NECK

Front 6

how does the GREAT AURICULAR NERVE travel

Back 6

-from POSTERIOR MARGIN of the SCM
-OBLIQUELY across to the angle of the MANDIBLE (where the body and ramus meet)

Front 7

what does the great auricular nerve branch into

Back 7

1. FACIAL BRANCH - supplies skin over PAROTID GLAND
2. AURICULAR BRANCH - supplies skin on auricle
3. MASTOID BRANCH - supplies skin around MASTOID region

Front 8

which nerves innervate the posterior triangle of neck

Back 8

-ACCESSORY NERVE (#11)
-CERVICAL PLEXUS (lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular nerves)
-BRACHIAL PLEXUS

Front 9

what does the great auricluar nerve always lie with

Back 9

external jugular vein

Front 10

how does the occipital nerve travel

Back 10

follows the POSTERIOR MARGIN of the SCM and ends up on the OCCIPITAL SCALP

Front 11

what does the lesser occipital nerve innervate

Back 11

auricle and occipital scalp

Front 12

how is the transverse cervical nerve found (in terms of superficial and deep)

Back 12

-deep to platysma
-crosses over SCM and divides into ascending and descending branches

Front 13

what does the supraclavicular nerve divide into

Back 13

1. MEDIAL BRANCH - supplies surface of manubrium
2. INTERMEDIATE BRANCH - supplies 2nd rib
3. LATERAL BRANCH - supplies shoulder area (deltoid)

Front 14

what is the ansa cervicalis

Back 14

-motor nerve complex
-formed from fibers of ventral primary rami of C1-C3
-forms the wall of the carotid sheath

Front 15

what does the ansa cervicalis innevate

Back 15

-infrahyoid muscles

Front 16

which nerve does the ansa cervicalis travel with

Back 16

HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE (but just for a short distance, and does not become functional part of the nerve)

Front 17

what does the hypoglossal nerve innervate and where is it found

Back 17

INNERVATES - tongue
FOUND - crosses over external carotid artery, found in carotid triangle

Front 18

what is the ansa cervicalis made of in terms of nerve fibers

Back 18

ventral primary ramus of C1-C3 ( part of cervical plexus)

Front 19

which muscle does the C1 fibers of ansa cervcalis innervate

Back 19

thyrohyoid muscle

Front 20

what is the geniohyoid muscle innervated by

Back 20

ansa cervicalis

Front 21

which muscles does the ansa cervicalis innervate

Back 21

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid

Front 22

where does the phrenic nerve come from

Back 22

C3, C4, C5

Front 23

where and with what is the phrenic nerve ALWAYS found with

Back 23

-on anterior surface of ANTERIOR SCALENE
-with TRANSVERSE CERVICAL ARTERY and SUPRASCAPULAR ARTERY (both are branches of thyrocervical trunk)

Front 24

what does the brachiocephalic trunk divide into and where does this division occcur

Back 24

right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
AT STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT

Front 25

which muscle divides the subclavian artery into 3 parts

Back 25

ANTERIOR SCALENE
(the subclavian artery lies deep to the anterior scalene)

Front 26

where are the 3 parts of the subclavian artery in relation to the anterior scalene

Back 26

Part 1 - BETWEEN its origin and the anterior scalene
Part 2 - POSTERIOR to the anterior scalene
Part 3 - LATERAL to the anterior scalene and extends to the 1ST RIB

Front 27

what are the arteries of part 1 of the subclavian artery

Back 27

-internal thorasic artery
-vertebral artery
-thyrocervical trunk

Front 28

what are the parts of the thyrocervical trunk

Back 28

suprascapular artery
transverse cervical artery
inferior thyroid artery (branches into inferior laryngeal artery and ascending cervical artery)

Front 29

what are the arteries of part 2 of the subclavian artery

Back 29

costcocervical trunk; branches into
-superior intercostal artery
-deep cervical artery

Front 30

what does the subclavian artery eventually become and when does it become this

Back 30

-eventually becomes AXILLARY ARTERY
-after it crosses over the 1ST RIB

Front 31

what artery makes up the 3rd part of the subclavian artery

Back 31

dorsal scapular artery
(travels through the BRACHIAL PLEXUS and to the SCAPULA)

Front 32

which veins are found in the posterior triangle

Back 32

external jugular vein
internal jugular
subclavian vein

Front 33

where does the external jugular vein begin and en

Back 33

-begins in parotid gland
-ends in subclavian vein

Front 34

what 2 veins come together to form the external jugular vein

Back 34

Posterior auricular (drains back of ear)
Retromandibular vein

Front 35

does the anterior jugular vein drain into the subclavian

Back 35

YES
by going deep to the SCM

Front 36

what does the jugular arch connect

Back 36

the left and right anterior jugular veins

Front 37

what is the major venous channel draining the upper limb

Back 37

subclavian vein

Front 38

where is the subclavian vein located

Back 38

-passes ANTERIOR to the ANTERIOR SCALENE muscle
-this seperates it from the subclavian artery

Front 39

what does the subclavian vein join to form the brachiocephalic vein

Back 39

internal jugular vein

Front 40

what are the tributaries of the subclavian vein

Back 40

-external jugular vein (MAIN ONE)
-dorsal scapular vein
-anteiror jugular vein

Front 41

what does the external jugular vein recieve blood from

Back 41

transverse cervical vein
suprascapular vein
anterior jugular vein

Front 42

what does the transverse cervical artery vascularize

Back 42

trapezius and scapula

Front 43

what is the difference between the transverse cervical artery and the transverse cervical nerve

Back 43

-the nerve goes to the anterior triangle
-the artery goes to the posterior triangle

Front 44

what does the deep cervical artery anastamose with

Back 44

the occipital artery