Anatomy

Front 1

pectineus
-innervation?
-actions?
-location?

Back 1

-femoral nerve L2, L3
-adducts and flexes thigh, assits w/ medial rotation of thigh
-anterior thigh

Front 2

psoas major
-innervation?
-actions?
-location?

Back 2

-anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1, L2, L3
-flex thigh at hip joint and stabilze this joint
-anterior thigh

Front 3

psoas minor
-innervation?
-actions?
-location?

Back 3

-anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1, L2
-flex thigh at hip joint and stabilize this joint
-anterior thigh

Front 4

iliacus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 4

-femoral nerve L2, L3
-flex thigh at hip joint and stabilize this joint
-anterior thigh

Front 5

iliopsoas
-what merges to form this?

Back 5

-psoas major and iliacus

Front 6

sartorius
-innervation?
-actions?
-location?

Back 6

-femoral nerve L2, L3
-flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee
-anterior thigh

Front 7

quadriceps femoris
-contains what muscles?

Back 7

-rectus femoris
-vastus lateralis
-vastus medialis
-vastus intermedius

Front 8

rectus femoris
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 8

-femoral nerve L2, L3, L4
-extend leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps flex thigh
-anterior thigh

Front 9

vastus lateralis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 9

-femoral nerve L2, L3, L4
-extend leg at knee joint
-anterior thigh

Front 10

vastus medialis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 10

-femoral nerve L2, L3, L4
-extend leg at knee joint
-anterior thigh

Front 11

vastus intermedius
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 11

-femoral nerve L2, L3, L4
-extend leg at knee joint
-anterior thigh

Front 12

adductor longus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 12

-obturator nerve, branch of anterior division L2, L3, L4
-adducts thigh
-medial thigh

Front 13

adductor brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 13

-obturator nerve, branch of anterior division L2, L3, L4
-adducts thigh, can flex it
-medial thigh

Front 14

adductor magnus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 14

-adductor part: obturator nerve L2, L3, L4, branches of posterior division; hamstring part: tibial part of sciatic nerve L4
-adducts thigh; adductor part: flexes thigh; hamstrings: extend thigh
-medial thigh

Front 15

gracilis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 15

-obturator nerve L2, L3
-adducts thigh, flexes leg, rotate leg medially
-medial thigh

Front 16

obturator externus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 16

-obturator nerve L3, L4
-laterally rotates thigh, steadies head of femur in acetabulum
-medial thigh

Front 17

femoral artery
-supplies?
-origin?

Back 17

-anterior and anteromedial aspects of thigh
-continuation of external iliac artery

Front 18

deep artery of thigh
-supplies?
-origin?

Back 18

-perforating arteries (adductor magnus), medial/posterior/lateral part of anterior compartments
-femoral artery inferior to inguinal ligament

Front 19

medial circumflex femoral artery
-supplies?
-origin?

Back 19

-head and neck of femur, joins inferior gluteal artery
-deep artery of thigh

Front 20

lateral circumflex femoral
-supplies?
-origin?

Back 20

-ascending: anterior part gluteal region; transverse: winds around femur; descending: joins genicular periarticular
-deep artery of thigh

Front 21

obturator artery
-supplies?
-origin?

Back 21

-anterior: obturator externus, pectineus, adductors of thigh, gracilis; posterior: muscles attached to ischial tuberosity
-internal iliac artery

Front 22

gluteus maximus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 22

-inferior gluteal nerve L5, S1, S2
-extends thigh, assits in lateral rotation, steadies thigh and assists rising from sitting
-gluteal region

Front 23

gluteus medius
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 23

-superior gluteal nerve L5, S1
-abduct and medially rotate thigh, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb weight-bearing
-glutueal region

Front 24

gluteus minimus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 24

-superior gluteal nerve L5, S1
-abduct, medially rotate thigh, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb weight bearing
-gluteal region

Front 25

tensor of fascia lata
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 25

-superior gluteal nerve L5, S1
-abduct and medially rotate thigh, keep pelvis level when ipsilateral lim weight bearing
-gluteal region

Front 26

piriformis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 26

-branches of anterior rami of S1, S2
-laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum
-gluteal region

Front 27

obturator internus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 27

-nerve to obturator internus L5, S1
-laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum
-gluteal region

Front 28

superior and inferior gemelli
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 28

-superior: nerve to obturator internus L5, S1; inferior: nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1
-laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh, steady femoral head in acetabulum
-gluteal region

Front 29

quadratus femoris
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 29

-nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1
-laterally rotates thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum
-gluteal region

Front 30

semitendinosus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 30

-tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia L5, S1, S2
-extend thigh, flex leg and rotate medially when knee flexed
-posterior thigh

Front 31

semimembranosus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 31

-tibial division of sciatic nerve part of tibia L5, S1, S2
-extend thigh, flex leg and rotate medially when knee flexed
-posterior thigh

Front 32

biceps femoris
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 32

-long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve L5, S1, S2; short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve L5, S1, S2
-flexes leg and rotates laterally when knee flexed; extends thigh
-posterior thigh

Front 33

clunial superior nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 33

-lateral cutaneous branches of posterior rami of L1-L3
-skin of superior buttock to tubercle of iliac crest

Front 34

clunial middle nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 34

-lateral cutaneous branches of posterior rami of S1-S3
-skin over sacrum and adj. area of buttock

Front 35

clunial inferior nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 35

-posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
-skin of inferior half of buttock to greater trochanter

Front 36

sciatic nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 36

-sacral plexus (L4-S3)
-all muscles of posterior compartment of thigh

Front 37

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 37

-sacral plexus (S1-S3)
-skin of inferior half of buttock (clunial), skin on posterior thigh and popliteal fossa, skin of lateral perineum, upper medial thigh

Front 38

superior gluteal nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 38

-sacral plexus (L4-S1)
-gluteas medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae

Front 39

inferior gluteal nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 39

-sacral plexus (L5-S2)
-gluteus maximus

Front 40

nerve to quadratus femoris
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 40

-sacral plexus (S2-S4)
-hip joint, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris

Front 41

pudendal nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 41

-sacral plexus (S2-S4)
-nothing in gluteal or post. thigh; goes to perineum

Front 42

nerve to obturator internus
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 42

-sacral plexus (L5-S2)
-superior gemellus and obturator internus

Front 43

tibialis anterior
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 43

-deep fibular nerve L4, L5
-dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot
-anterior comp. of leg

Front 44

extensor digitorum longus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 44

-deep fibular nerve L4, L5
-extends lateral four digits, dorsiflexes ankle
-anterior comp. of leg

Front 45

extensor hallucis longus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 45

-deep fibular nerve L4, L5
-extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle
-anterior comp. of leg

Front 46

fibularis tertius
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 46

-deep fibular nerve L4, L5
-dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot
-anterior comp. of foot

Front 47

fibularis longus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 47

-superficial fibular nerve L5, S1, S2
-everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle
-lateral comp. of leg

Front 48

fibularis brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 48

-superficial fibular nerve L5, S1, S2
-everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle
-lateral comp. of leg

Front 49

saphenous nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 49

-femoral nerve
-skin on medial side of ankle and foot

Front 50

sural nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 50

-both tibial and common fibular nerves
-skin on posterior/lateral aspects of leg and lateral foot

Front 51

tibial nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 51

-sciatic nerve
-posterior muscles of leg and knee joint

Front 52

common fibular (peroneal) nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 52

-sciatic nerve
-skin on lateral part of post. leg via lateral sural cutaneous nerve; knee joint via articular branch

Front 53

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 53

-common fibular nerve
-fibularis longus and brevis, skin on distal third of anterior surface of leg and dorsum of foot

Front 54

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 54

-common fibular nerve
-anterior muscles of leg, dorsum of foot, skin of first interdigital cleft

Front 55

gastrocnemius
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 55

-tibial nerve S1, S2
-plantarflexes ankel when knee extended; raises heel during walking, flexes leg at knee joint
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 56

soleus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 56

-tibial nerve S1, S2
-plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee, steadies leg on foot
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 57

plantaris
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 57

-tibial nerve S1, S2
-weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantarflexing ankle
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 58

popliteus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 58

-tibial nerve L4, L5, S1
-weakly flexes knee, unlocks it by rotating femur on fixed tibia, medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 59

flexor hallucis longus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 59

-tibial nerve S2, S3
-flexes great toe, weakly plantarflexes ankle, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 60

flexor digitorum longus
-innervation?
-action?
-locaiton?

Back 60

-tibial nerve S2, S3
-flexes lateral four digits, plantarflexes ankle, supports longitudinal arches of foot
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 61

tibialis posterior
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 61

-tibial nerve L4, L5
-plantarflexes ankle; inverts foot
-posterior comp. of leg

Front 62

abductor hallicus
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 62

-medial plantar nerve S2, S3
-abducts and flexes 1st digit
-1st layer of sole

Front 63

flexor digitorum brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 63

-medial plantar nerve S2, S3
-flexes lateral four digits
-1st layer of sole

Front 64

abductor digiti minimi
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 64

-lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-abducts and flexes little toe
-1st layer of sole

Front 65

quadratus plantae
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 65

-lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits
-2nd layer of sole

Front 66

lumbricals
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 66

-medial: medial plantar nerve S2, S3; lateral three: lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-flex proximal phalanges, extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
-2nd layer of sole

Front 67

flexor hallucis brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 67

-medial plantar nerve S2, S3
-flexes proximal phalanx of 1st digit
-3rd layer of sole

Front 68

adductor hallucis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 68

-deep branch of lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-adduct 1st digit, assists transvers arch of foot by metatarsals medially
-3rd layer of sole

Front 69

flexor digit minimi brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 69

-superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, assits with its flexion
-3rd layer of sole

Front 70

plantar interossei (3)
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 70

-lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-adduct digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints
-4th layer of sole

Front 71

dorsal interossei (4)
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 71

-lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
-abduct digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints
-4th layer of sole

Front 72

extensor digitorum brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 72

-deep fibular nerve L5 or S1
-aids extensor digitorum longus extend four medial toes at metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
-dorsum of foot

Front 73

extensor hallucis brevis
-innervation?
-action?
-location?

Back 73

-deep fibular nerve L5 or S1
-aids extensor hallucis longus extend great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
-dorsum of foot

Front 74

saphenous nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 74

-femoral nerve
-skin on medial side foot as far anteriorly as 1st metatarsal

Front 75

superficial fibular nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 75

-common fibular
-skin on dorsum of foot and all digits, except lateral side of 5th and adjoining sides of 1st and 2nd digits

Front 76

deep fibular nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 76

-common fibular nerve
-extensor ditorum brevis and skin on contiguous sides of 1st and 2nd digits

Front 77

medial plantar nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 77

-larger terminal branch of tibial
-skin of medial side of sole of foot and sides of first three digits; abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, first lumbrical

Front 78

lateral plantar nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 78

-smaller terminal branch of tibial nerve
-quadratus plantae, abductor digit minimi, digiti minimi brevis, deep branch supplies plantar and dorsal interossei, lateral three lumbricals, adductor hallucis, skin on sole lateral to line splitting 4th digit

Front 79

sural nerve
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 79

-both tibial and comon fibular nerves
-lateral aspect of hindfoot and midfoot

Front 80

calcaneal branches
-origin?
-innervates?

Back 80

-tibial and sural
-skin of heel

Front 81

flexors of hip?

Back 81

-iliopsoas
-sartorius
-tensor fasciae latae
-rectus femorus
-pectineus
-adductor longus
-adductor brevis
-adductor magnus (anterior)
-gracilis

Front 82

adductors of hip?

Back 82

-adductor longus
-adductor brevis
-adductor magnus
-gracilis
-pectineus
-obturator externus

Front 83

lateral rotators of hip

Back 83

-obturator externus
-obturator internus
-gemelli
-piriformis
-quadratus femoris
-gluteus maximus

Front 84

extensors of hip

Back 84

-hamstrings: semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head, biceps femoris
-adductor magnus (posterior)
-gluteus maximus

Front 85

abductors of hip

Back 85

-gluteus medius
-gluteus minimus
-tensor fasciae latae

Front 86

medial rotators of hip

Back 86

-gluteus medius (anterior)
-gluteus minimus (anterior)
-tensor fasciae latae